Prince Fyodor Sergeyevich Baryatinsky ( April 5, 1742 - June 4, 1814 ) - Chief Marshal , Actual Privy Councilor , Chamberlain ; grandson of General-in-Chief of Prince I. Baryatinsky and younger brother of diplomat Prince I. S. Baryatinsky .
| Fedor Sergeevich Baryatinsky | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | April 5, 1742 |
| Date of death | June 4, 1814 (72 years) |
| Place of death | Moscow |
| Occupation | state marshal |
| Children | |
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Born in the family of Sergei Ivanovich Baryatinsky (died in 1747) and his wife Mavra Afanasyevna (1698-1771), the widow of V. Stepanov , the daughter of Baron A. A. Solovyov [1] . He received his home education, in 1745 he was enrolled by a soldier and began serving in the Preobrazhensky regiment . As a Guards officer, he joined the supporters of Catherine Alekseevna and participated in the 1762 coup . Participated in the elimination of Peter III in Ropsha . Count A. G. Orlov wrote to Catherine II about it [2] :
| We were drunk and so was he. He argued at the table with Prince Fedor. We did not have time to separate, but he was no longer ... |
On the day of the coronation of the Empress, Baryatinsky was granted to the chamber junkers and, by her personal order, received 24,000 rubles. All his further activities are related to the imperial court. In 1768 he was promoted to real chamberlain, in 1775, at the conclusion of peace with Porto, awarded the rank of Privy Counselor and in 1778 granted to the mars mars .
Accompanied Catherine II during her trips: in 1783 to Finland, in 1787 - to the south of Russia. In 1795 he was promoted to real secret adviser, in 1796 - to the chief marshal. In his high court office, Baryatinsky received in St. Petersburg high travelers — Emperor Joseph II , Friedrich Wilhelm II , Kings Gustav III and Gustav IV , King of Polish Stanislav and other individuals.
But the situation at the court changed with the accession of Paul I. Allowing the prince to participate in the funeral of Catherine II, the emperor, at the end of them, immediately ordered to tell Baryatinsky that he was set aside. Soon the whole court took part in the reburial of the remains of Peter III. All eyes were riveted on A. G. Orlov, P. B. Passek and F. Baryatinsky, who followed the coffin of their victim on the orders of the emperor [3] . After Baryatinsky received an order to leave the capital and leave for a residence in the village.
His daughter asked for mercy on her father, but Pavel I replied with anger: “ I also had a father, madam! " [4] . For all the reign of Paul I, the prince has never appeared in St. Petersburg. Removed from the courtyard, Baryatinsky remained out of service under Alexander I, driving from the village to Moscow. The Englishwoman Marta Wilmot, who saw him in 1806, wrote that the prince was “very fat and very good-natured, although it was with his own hands that the terrible act was committed in 1762 and, as they say, he does not feel any remorse” [5] . The correspondent of princess V. Turkestanova wrote to her from Moscow in 1813 [6] :
| I promised to have dinner with Prince Baryatinsky, he always has a certain number of invitees and you cannot miss his invitation, moreover he is so sweet and kind. I sleep well after lunch. |
He died in Moscow in 1814 and was buried in the Donskoy Monastery. His gloating brother-in-law A. Ya. Bulgakov wrote to his brother [7] :
| ... Old Prince Fyodor Sergeevich Baryatinsky died of apoplexy; there is very little regret for him, and he truly does not deserve to be. |
Family
From April 25, 1764 he was married to Princess Maid of Princess Mary Vasilyevna Khovanskaya (174. —13.01.1813), the youngest daughter of Chief Master Vasily Petrovich Khovansky (1694-1746), and Baroness Ekaterina Petrovna Shafirova (d. 1748), daughter of P. Shafirov . Notable for its beautiful appearance and acting talent for noble performances. In marriage, had a single daughter.
Catherine Fyodorovna (1769–1849), maid of honor, subsequently a stats lady and cavalier lady; one of the first beauties of the yard; since 1786, married to Lieutenant-General Prince V. V. Dolgorukov .
Notes
- ↑ Yu. N. Bespyatykh. Arkhangelsk in the XVIII century. St. Petersburg: Blitz, 1997. P. 257.
- ↑ Three letters of Count Orlov to Catherine II // Russian Archive. 1911. V. 1, № 2.- P.25.
- ↑ Memories of Ms. Vizhe-Lebren about her stay in St. Petersburg and Moscow 1795-1801 / Trans. from French: Art. - St. Petersburg., 2004. - 298 p.
- ↑ Memoirs of Countess Golovina // Life Story of a Noble Woman. - M .: New Literary Review, 1996. - p. 175.
- ↑ Letters of Martha Wilmot / / E. E. Dashkova. Notes. Letters from M. and K. Wilmot sisters from Russia. - M., 1987. - p. 334
- ↑ D.I. Ismail-Zade. Princess Turkestanova. Maid of honor of the highest court. - SPb .: Kriga Publishing House, 2012. - 568 p.
- ↑ Bulgakov brothers. Correspondence. T.1. - M .: Zakharov, 2010.- p. 407.
Source
- When writing this article, material from A. A. Polovtsov ’s Russian Biographical Dictionary (1896–1918) was used.