Abul-Hussein Abdurrahman ibn Umar al-Sufi ( Persian عبدالرحمن صوفی , Rey , December 7, 903 - Shiraz , May 25, 986 ) - Persian astronomer and mathematician . He lived at the court of his friend Emir Adud al-Daul ( Eng. 'Adud al-Dawla ) in Isfahan , was engaged in translation from Greek astronomical works, especially Almagest Ptolemy . Since about 960 he worked in Shiraz.
| Abu l Hussein Abd al-Rahman ibn Umar al-Sufi | |
|---|---|
| Persian. عبدالرحمن صوفی | |
| Date of Birth | December 7, 903 |
| Place of Birth | Ray , Abbasid Caliphate |
| Date of death | May 25 986 (82 years old) |
| Place of death | Shiraz , Abbasid Caliphate |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | astronomy , math |
He is best known for his astronomical work, the zij “ ” ( Arabic. كتاب الكواكب الثابتة ), which contains a catalog of 1017 stars with a detailed description of 48 constellations . The composition for each constellation shows its colorful image, as well as a table of stars with their ecliptic coordinates and stellar magnitudes. Based on his own observations, al-Sufi made a critical review and refinement of the data of his predecessors, mainly Claudius Ptolemy , in particular, described the Andromeda galaxy as a small cloud, and in 964 included the Big Magellanic Cloud in his “Book of Fixed Stars” [1] . The catalog of al-Sufi had a great influence on the further development of astronomy, it was used and often referred to by al-Biruni , Abu-l-Hasan ibn Younis , Nasir al-Din at-Tusi , Spanish scientists when creating the “Alphonse Tables” and Samarkand astronomers from the Ulugbek Observatory during the preparation of the "Gurgan Zij" .
Al-Sufi wrote a significant number of other scientific works, many of which were translated into Latin several times in the 12th-14th centuries:
- The “book of actions with astrolabe” is an extensive work consisting of 1760 chapters (several abridged versions of the manuscript have come down to us, including about 400 chapters)
- “The book of action with the celestial globe” consists of 3 parts, including 50, 52 and 65 chapters
- "A treatise on the construction of equilateral polygons"
- “The book of introduction to the science of stars and their sentences” - astrological composition
Memory
In 1935, the International Astronomical Union named As-Sufi a crater on the visible side of the moon .
Constellations
Taurus constellation
Cancer Constellation
Constellation hare
Gemini constellation
Andromeda constellation
Ophiuchus constellation
Sagittarius constellation
Literature
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Reference. - 2nd ed., Revised. and additional .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.
- G.P. Matvievskaya , B.A. Rosenfeld . Mathematicians and astronomers of the Muslim Middle Ages and their works (VIII-XVII centuries) . - M .: Nauka, 1983 .-- T. 2 .-- S. 157. - 650 p.
- Matvievskaya G.P. Abd ar-Rahman al-Sufi and his role in the history of astronomy. Historical and Astronomical Research, 16, 1983, p. 93-136.
- Matvievskaya G.P. Abd ar-Rahman al-Sufi. M .: Nauka, 1999.
- Rosenfeld B.A. Astronomy of the countries of Islam // Historical and astronomical research. - 1984. - T. XVII .
- Ian Stewart. The mathematics of space. How modern science deciphers the universe. = Stewart Ian. Calculating the Cosmos: How Mathematics Unveils the Universe. - Alpina Publisher, 2018 .-- 542 p. - ISBN 978-5-91671-814-0 .
- ↑ Stuart, 2018 , p. 298.