Imantau (village)

It is located on the southeastern shore of Lake Imantau at the mouth of the Zmeyka River ^[2] .

1465 - the Kazakh Khanate was formed, the emergence of which was the completion of a long process of formation of the Kazakh nationality. In the 70s of the 15th century, the territory of the Abulkhair Khan's territory became part of the Kazakh Khanate. At the beginning of the 18th century, the danger from the Dzungaria increased sharply, in connection with which, Khan Abulkhair turned to Russia with a request for "patronage." In 1740, the oath of allegiance to Russia was taken by the foremen of the middle zhuz, and later by Sultan Abylay. On the basis of the Decree of the Senate of 1822, the peasants of Russia, who were made by the tsar-priest into the Cossack estate to protect the external borders, are invading the Peter and Paul District. They founded many settlements in the area. These very settlements include our native village of Imantau.

On March 8, 1824, detachments of horse-drawn Cossacks, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel A. Grigorovsky, came out of Petropavlovsk and headed along the straight caravan road to Mount Kokshetau, where at the foot of the south side the district "Prikaz" was opened. In the autumn of the same year, the Cossacks founded the Kokchetavskaya Cossack village near Bukp Hill. Following the Cossacks in the Kazakh steppes, a large wave of migrant peasants poured into free lands, driven by want and hunger from different places in Russia, Ukraine, and the Volga region. Several groups arrived at the Kokchetavskaya stanitsa. They sent their messengers to find the most suitable places for housing.

Determining the location and foundation of the village. The messengers from the Cossacks elected the site where the village of Imantau is now located. Immigrants sent a request to the governor of the Orenburg province with a request for permission to settle in this place. Permission has been obtained. Nature was beautiful and generous. A large freshwater lake located near the mountains, which was home to a lot of fish, a dense forest where you could find food, everywhere green meadows, generous black soil.

Around 1841 (according to other sources in 1850) Siberian fishermen Ushakov, Stefanov, Grigoryev settled in Imantau. The first houses were built at the Big Key. As elsewhere, immigrants sowed crops, raised livestock, engaged in fishing.

“The Charter of the Siberian Kirghiz” prescribed to name new settlements by the name of the owner of a given locality, or by an existing name.

Hence the name Imantau allegedly came from the name of the owner or resident of these places of the Kazakh Iman (first the mountains, the lake, and then the village). Although there is a version of Imantau Holy (sacred mountain).

Settlement in the Imantau Tatars

In 1849-51, 7,500 peasants from the Saratov, Poltava, Kursk and other provinces were enrolled in the Cossack estate. Apparently, most of the inhabitants of the Tatar population of Imantau resettled in this stream. So the village began to grow in the second division of the Cossack troops. New arrivals found that the southern shore of the lake is inconvenient for settlement, and the eastern side, where Mordovians, Russians and Ukrainians already lived, is more suitable for living. Adding to this, they bribed a surveyor in the amount of 50 rubles, who, in turn, taking the same 50 rubles from the Russians and the Mordovians, persuaded them to move to the south side, where, according to him, “the coast is better and the mountains are nearby”.

So there was an exchange of places, and the Tatars were on the eastern shore of the lake, and the Russians and Mordovians on the southern. And today the location is the same. To this day, the descendants of those Tatars from the Cossack class live in Imantau: the Abdrashitovs, Abdulins, Ashirovs, Umarovs, Shabaevs. Contacts were established with the Russians. The following names were established: Ion Egorov, Ivan Menyaev, Andrey Antipov, Fedor Petrov. A church, a mosque, two windmills and two water mills were built in the village, and shops were opened. After a short historical period of time, the society is stratified into rich and poor.

1904 Fire

Fires are always a big disaster, but their consequences are especially tragic in pre-revolutionary rural settlements. A document has been preserved in the state archive of the Akmola region, in which an unknown official informs all volost managers: “Ataman of the 1st military department of the Siberian Cossack army with a ratio of June 13 this year. for No. 2204 notified me that on June 30 this year at 12 o’clock in the afternoon with a strong wind in the village of Imantaevsky Aryk-Balyksky village, a strong fire broke out, which destroyed half of the yard 216 yards with all the property and part of the livestock inside. The school and the village government with affairs over the past years burnt down. In addition, the wife of a Cossack Roman Ivanov with a 5-year-old child burned down. ” The causes of the fire are unclear, there was no one to extinguish the fire, as adults were absent for various reasons, most of them were in the steppe at the section of hayfields. With the onset of fire, young children scattered around the surrounding villages. Further, the document proposed to organize and collect voluntary donations to victims of the fire. It was not possible to find out how the collection went, as there are no documents in the archive.

Village Renaissance After Fire

Residents of the village had to rebuild their homes. In 1912, an Orthodox church was built and an elementary school was opened. The teaching was conducted by one teacher and priest. Studied the children of wealthy peasants and Cossacks. Corporal punishment existed for misconduct in the school. The bulk of the population remained illiterate. Ataman wrote out a newspaper. Wealthy families included: Linevs, Gladkovs, Kulishevs. The mosque was rebuilt again, a bread shop was operating, now in the village there were 22 windmills and 2 water mills.

Revolutionary and post-revolutionary period

After the victory of the October Revolution in Russia, Revolutionary Committees are created in Kazakhstan. The echo of the revolution reaches Imantau. In the village, Soviet power is being established. One of the revolutionary activists was Abdrashitov U.U. The poorest part of the population takes livestock and property from wealthy peasants, collective farms are created. According to the stories of old-timers, a priest was shot (surname not established), several people from the village council were taken to Kokchetav, and their fate is not known. Residents of the village learned about the surplus appraisal, and the tax in kind, and the NEP.

In 1918-19, Kolchak’s troops passed through Imantau. The former regime was established for some time, but soon they were supplanted by the Red Guards, some were defeated, and some left the cordon. Among them were the Imantau Cossacks. So the Cossack Gladkov got together with the troops of General Annenkov in China, and then immigrated to America.

The Revkom was again created in the village and Soviet power was established, the class struggle is escalating to the limit, people are dying. The crop failure of 1921 led to mass starvation and death of the villagers. Many in search of a better life left Imantau, some later returned, and others arranged their lives outside the village. 1922 - Kazakhstan joins the USSR.

Creation of agricultural enterprises in the village in the pre-war period

In 1929, the commune “International” and the collective farms “Great Labor”, named after Voroshilov, named after Narimanov, were created in Imantau. In the same year, representatives of the working class, the twenty-five thousandths Volkov and Koleyanov, arrived in the village. Volkov headed the commune “Internationale”, and Koleyanov - the collective farm “Great Labor”. The commune included 914 households. In 1930, the villages of Ermakovka, Bilsenda, Karsakai separated from it. In February 1935, the second congress of collective farmers took place, at which a new charter of agricultural cooperatives was adopted. In the same year, collective farms and the commune were annexed to the Voroshilov collective farm.

World War II

After the outbreak of war, there is a mobilization in the Red Army. In total, more than 300 people went to the front from Imantau, of which more than half did not return. Some families lost a few people. These are the Aipovs, Asainovs, Stognievs, Dmitrievs, Egorovs and others. Women, children and old people remained in the village. They carried on their shoulders the entire burden of warfare. They worked at home, worked in the field, collected and sent parcels to the front. Participant of these events E. Malysheva recalls how women worked in a field crew. Many have mastered the profession of a tractor driver, and with a lack of equipment they plowed on bulls. From spring to late autumn they were in the field, starving, eating grass roots and working, working, working. They learned about news from the front from newspapers and by letters.

After the Victory, the survivors began to return to the village to raise the destroyed farm. Among them were Mikhailov S.I. and Egorov A.S.

Mikhailov Sergey Ivanovich was born in the village of Imantau in 1920 in a peasant family. In the spring of 1941 he graduated from Arykbalyk high school and was drafted into the army. He went through the whole war, was wounded three times, graduated from an officer school, commanded a platoon of assault rifles in tank troops. He left his painting on the wall of the Reichstag. He was awarded the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Second World War, 2nd degree and other medals. After the war, he graduated from a pedagogical institute, worked as a geography teacher, studied the native land, and collaborated with the press.

Egorov Alexander Stepanovich was born on August 20, 1919 in the village of Imantau. He graduated from the 8th grade of the Arykbalyk high school, in 1939 he was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army. He took part in the battles for Moscow, Poland, Berlin. He has a number of government awards: the Order of Glory, two Orders of the Patriotic War, two orders

Red Banner and many medals. He finished the war in the Far East, in 1947 he was discharged. He worked as a teacher in an orphanage, and then as a driver at a state farm and poultry farm named after the newspaper Pravda.

Now there are five veterans left in Imantau: Stavsky M.F., Kuleva I.D., Krasnopolsky D.Ya., Ibragimov Sh.G., Dmitriev I.O.

Celin

In 1954, the development of virgin and fallow lands in Kazakhstan begins, there is a large influx of population. From all over the Soviet Union, people of different nationalities arrive in our land. Novosyolov was placed in trailers, many were sheltered by local residents. They shared with visitors all that they could. Many good machine operators arrived, equipment arrived. Field cultivation brigades of primary virgin lands are organized. First of all, they raised the lands included in the state fund. Productivity began to increase. The collective farm was reorganized into a state farm named after the newspaper Pravda. Director of the state farm appointed Karelin A.V. In 1956, the yield per 1 ha was 21.6 c., In 1966 20.8 c. Among the foremost growers P. L. Ivanov, A.V. Skorokhodov, V.V. Vasiliev (regional newspaper "Banner of Labor") MTM Lubentsov V.V.

Skorokhodov A.V.- the famous farmer of the Imantau state farm, holder of the Order of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor.

Vasiliev VV - tractor driver, master adjuster. He was awarded diplomas of the Kazakh SSR, the Order of the Badge of Honor and many diplomas.

Further Village Development

After the development of virgin land there is a further rise in agriculture. Now the farm "Imantau" has a large area of ​​arable land and grasslands, livestock is developing. In 1976, the state farm handed over 1 million pounds of bread to the state; the yield per ha was 25.4 centners. Director of the farm Nurseytov U.N. awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor. For achievements in the development of agriculture, he was awarded the Orders of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, the Friendship of Peoples, and the Badge of Honor.

The state farm employs more than 1000 people, includes 3 departments: central, Tsurikovka, Upper Burluk. Advanced livestock breeders Skorokhodova A.N. , Selyunina M.D. , Tarasova Z. At the end of the 60s, a duck farm was separated from the state farm and the construction of a poultry farm began. In 1969, G.G. Shkuratov was appointed director of the poultry farm named after the newspaper Pravda. The company has its own hatchery, bases for growing poultry, a slaughterhouse, about 600 people are employed.

Shkuratov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Badge of Honor. Advanced workers: poultry houses Dmitrieva T.K., Kuchma V.S., Matveeva G.G.

Large enterprises operating in the territory of Imantava in 70-80 include: Imantau brewery, animal husbandry for growing polar fox and mink, SMU, state farm, branch of the Arykbalyk consumer center, Imantau secondary school.

At this time, much attention was paid to the development of the social sphere in the village: the House of Culture was built, housing was under construction, the village was being improved.

Imantau 1990-2006

Imantau-aul, the administrative center of the aul district of the same name in the Ayyrtau region. It is located on the eastern shore of Lake Imantau, 45 km southeast of the center-aul Saumalkol. The population for 2002 is 3000 people (encyclopedia of DIS), for 2006 more than 3300 people.

In the second half of the 90s of the 20th century there is a reorganization of enterprises. The poultry farm is combined with the state farm, the food factory, the animal farm and the brewery ceased to exist.

The Imantau rural district is headed by M. Kulmanbetov for about 3 years. All services in the village are under its constant control, much attention is paid to the improvement and lighting of the village. Over the past few years, the following agricultural enterprises have been operating in Imantau:

• Lobanovo LLP - Vitek I.G.
• KH "Dana" - Nurmagambetov M.S.
• LLP “Land and bird” - B. Dzaurov
• Voskhod LLP - Tsechoev A.M.
• KH "Kalzhanov" - Kalzhanov A.S.

The Kazpost building is located in the center of the village; the post office is headed by N. Ibragimova. Major retail outlets include: shops: Prestige, Birch, Natalie, cafe-bar Nurlan. All buildings are equipped in a modern style.

NEA has been working in the village for many years. For 29 years, it was headed by Gabaydulina L.P., currently - G. Mikryukova. There is a day hospital at the outpatient clinic; an ambulance has recently been received.

Imantau secondary school always occupied the leading places among the educational institutions of the region. In 1960, G.K. Prokhorov was appointed director of the school, and led the school for more than two decades. On his initiative, the Club of Young Sailors and the student production team were created.

Georgy Konstantinovich - an excellent student of education of the Kazakh SSR, USSR, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, twice winner of all-Union pedagogical readings. His fellow teachers, which the school is proud of: S.I. Mikhailov, V.I. Volgin, M.A. Lukyanova, E.P. Nenasheva, N.P. Strigun. The local poetess Geyer A.I. worked for many years as a teacher of the Russian language and literature in the Imantau secondary school.

Currently, our school is led by R. Kulmanbetova, more than 400 students are studying at the school, a cohesive, creative team, teachers of the highest category: Stognieva L. I.

The largest agricultural enterprise is Land and Bird LLP. The farm is well known not only in the area, but also beyond. This is a large well-established production, having a breeding stock of geese and ducks. In the spring-summer season, the company sells young birds. The poultry farm also has, on account of land shares, arable land and hayfields. Production leaders: accountant Lubentsova NN, livestock specialist Abdrashitova GS, senior hatchery operator Terenina R.Zh.

Mistress Dzaurova is a responsive and generous sponsor. Annually helps the school with repairs, the acquisition of various equipment, provides material assistance and support to the village.

Currently, the standard of living in the countryside is much higher than in previous years, the population is growing, the number of jobs is increasing. Life goes on. [1] ^[3]

In 1999, the village population was 3,101 people (1,543 men and 1,558 women) ^[4] . According to the 2009 census, 2459 people lived in the village (1195 men and 1264 women) ^[4] .

• Imantau // Kazakhstan. National Encyclopedia . - Almaty: Kazakh encyclopedias , 2005. - T. II. - ISBN 9965-9746-3-2 .