The Perm Metro (Perm Metro) is a designed system of metro lines in Perm .
Perm metro | |
---|---|
Description | |
A country | Russia |
Location | Permian |
opening date | unknown |
Route network | |
Number of lines | 2 (plan) |
Number of stations | > 24 (plan) |
Network length | > 31 km (plan) |
The first official plan of the Perm metro was published in 1982. At the same time, the work of the preliminary cycle began. [one]
The first launch plan for the 1st subway line is 1991, the second launch plan for the 1st metro line is 2015 [2] .
History
The need for construction in the growing Perm high-speed off-street transport appeared in the 1970s . The number of inhabitants approached a million people. The Novosibirskgrazhdanproekt Trust has prepared a project for the construction of two metro lines: the first is on the left bank of the Kama, and the second is on the right bank. Soon in 1979 , Perm became a real “million-plus” and in 1982 another trust, Lenmetrogiprotrans , prepared the first feasibility study for the construction of these 2 lines.
According to the official plan of the Perm metro, published in 1982 , here’s how these 2 lines are described:
[...] The first line, 13 kilometers long, crosses the city from west to east, along the Kama. It is supposed to build 9 stations on it. It begins at the Red October forest complex. By the way, the Metro Depot will also be located here. The next stop, “Voroshilov Avenue” is already Parkovy and “University” microdistrict - and this means Perm 2 station. Then the metro will go along Lenin Street. There will be stops: “Krisanova”, “Oktyabrskaya Square”, “Shpagin Plant”, then the station “City Hill” - it is in the circus area, “Uralskaya” - in the area of the Working village and, finally, “The Yaroslavl M. Sverdlov Garden ". The second line will run from north to south. Its length is 17 kilometers and it must cross the Kama. The line begins on the right bank of the Kama in the future residential area of the Kama Valley. Three stations are provided for it: Pioneer, Builders and Zarechnaya. Approximately five hundred meters above the automobile bridge over the Kama metro must cross the river [...] and trains will go to Ordzhonikidze Street station. In the area of October Square, this route will cross the left-bank line, so the Oktyabrskaya Square stop will become a place for transfer from one line to another. And further on the highway such stops are planned: “Revolutions”, “Komsomolskaya Square”, “Chkalovskaya” - in the area of the street with this name the metro will move from Komsomolsky Avenue to Kuybyshev Street. Here stops will be at the production associations Motorostroitel named after Ya. M. Sverdlov and the aggregate name named after MI Kalinin, then the line will turn towards the current airport of local lines where, over time, a new residential neighborhood should grow. The station "Baharevka" is provided here. And the line will end with stops in the Nagorny microdistrict: “Shopping Center”, “Leonova Street” and “Geologists Street”. That is the scheme of the Perm metro.
A. Sokolov. May 30, 1982 the newspaper "Star". . [one]
In May 2006, the Perm newspaper “Local Time” published the following information on the background:
It [the history of the Perm metro] began in 1976, when the Decree of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the USSR Council of Ministers on the development of the construction of the metro was adopted. In the Russian Federation, 4 cities were identified: Kazan, Chelyabinsk, Omsk and Perm. Epochs, citizens, passed, the world map changed, and the metro ... was built according to plan. In 1981, the UKS Perm City Executive Committee received a limit on the design work for the preparation of a feasibility study (FS) for the construction of a metro station in Perm. Gosplan of Russia determined the general designer: the Leningrad branch of the All-Union Scientific Research Institute "Metroproekt". Our feasibility study metro considered in the State Construction and State Planning Committee of Russia, the government approved it. Trust "VerkhneKamTISIZ" performed geological exploration. According to the plan, in the floodplain of the Mulyanka river it was necessary to locate the metro depot and the production base of Metrostroy. There are 650 thousand cubic meters of high-quality Kama sand and gravel mix. [3]
Due to the difficult economic situation of the 90s, the construction of the metro was first suspended and then actually stopped.
In the early 2000s, the discussion of the resumption of the construction of the metro returned. Perm got into the Federal program of construction of metro until 2020. Permgrazhdanproekt prepared a draft [1] , [2] .
Details about the history of the Perm metro: [3] .
Schemes of the Perm metro: [4] , [5] , [6] .
Photographs of geological surveys carried out by students of PSTU (approximately 1982): [8] . In July 2015, St. Petersburg businessman Roman Bichurin proposed a project of the overground metro in Perm. City Hall asked for a technical rationale and plan. [four]
Current situation
With repeated postponement of the construction of the subway, the authorities promise to develop the tram in the direction of the high-speed / underground tram, light / overground metro , but there are no significant advances towards the modernization of the tram system, except for increasing the percentage of track separation by marking and marking, and laying tram tracks on overpasses / overpasses). At first, the underground railway was called the city electric train .
On April 1, 2013, the Governor of the Perm Territory , VF Basargin , stated [5] that “it is necessary to wait for the emergence of new technologies that will be able to seriously reduce the cost of construction, and realistic forecasts suggest that it will be possible to make a decision on the construction of the subway the beginning of the third decade of this century. "
However, in an interview with the Perm radio station Avtoradio on April 3, 2013, Mikhail Yakimov , director of the Perm Transport Institute at PNRPU, replied to the governor, answering a question about the expediency of building long automobile tunnels leading to a new future bridge across the Kama river, and said that the construction of the metro was exactly the same the same as the construction of these tunnels are not so expensive and it is in Perm , and the average cost of construction of the subway here is no different from the cost of building underground in any city average statistical Russian and ermsky subway do not want to build only for the reason that the population according to analysts Perm will not grow in the coming years. [6]
Already on July 29, 2013, a member of the Federation Council of the Perm Territory, Andrei Klimov, convened a round table where lawmakers, politicians, developers and scientists discussed the development of the underground space of Perm. [7]
The council discussed the construction of underground passages, parking and a shopping center under the esplanade , as well as the construction of the Perm metro.
The city manager of Perm, Anatoly Makhovikov, said that the Perm Territory’s authorities had already submitted projects for underground construction in Perm , but for various reasons they were rejected. Under such projects it was difficult to allocate a plot of land, since conflicts in the legislation with the law on subsoil, Land and Civil Codes arise. He also said that the municipality itself needs to finance some of these underground projects. Arkady Katz, Vice Speaker of the Perm City Duma, in a dispute with Andrei Ponomarev, head of the department of construction production and geotechnics of the Perm Polytechnic, lobbied for the construction of a subway in Perm .
He noted that without the construction of the metro, other underground construction projects are ineffective. And Andrei Ponomarev agreed that from the point of view of a subway engineer in Perm, it is possible to build and gave an example of a communal collector, there are two pipes with a diameter of 6 meters and there you can move around on trolleys. He also noted that the metro is a difficult, complex, expensive project, taking into account our geological conditions, but technically it is possible.
Participants also returned to the project for the development of space under the esplanade , presented at the last town-planning council attached to the governor. Denis Galitsky, a member of the land use and development commission, defended the idea of Anatoly Makhovikov with municipal parking lots under the esplanade . Sergei Klimov, a member of the Perm City Duma, named five problems that impede underground construction in Russia - high cost, legal barriers, lack of PPP, accurate information about geology in the city, and human resources. Three questions remained the most acute - what is the cost of developing underground space, what needs to be changed in the legislation and what territory of Perm to choose for pilot projects.
For 2017, the construction of the metro in Perm is actually collapsed, the project was among the 7 most ambitious but unrealized plans [8] for the development of the city. At this time there is [9] a project of a city electric train.
Perm private terrestrial metro project
In May 2017, St. Petersburg businessman Rinat Bichurin urged [10] citizens to donate money to a private metro project in Perm. The 80-km metro network with a length of 80 km is planned to be built without attraction of budgetary funds; it is planned to return investments through advertising and retail outlets. The city administration did not support the project proposed already in 2015 [11] , due to the lack of contact and noting that in the project the first place was not the metro, but land plots in the city center for stalls and shops. In 2015, the city administration officially refused a businessman from St. Petersburg .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Regional newspaper "Zvezda", organ of the Perm Communist Party of the Soviet Communist Party, May 30, 1982
- ↑ Tunnel of Wishes, No. 40 (256), Perm News - Business Class newspaper (Business class): business news in Perm
- ↑ Perm Metropolitan. Myths of ancient Riphean . The appeal date is April 10, 2013. Archived April 21, 2013.
- ↑ Metro? Justify The administration of Perm requested from the Petersburg businessman a full justification of the construction project in the city of the metro - Business Class
- ↑ Blog of the Governor of the Perm Territory - Go to the answers . The appeal date is April 10, 2013. Archived April 21, 2013.
- ↑ The new bridge will go to the forest
- ↑ Politicians, developers and scientists gathered and identified problems that impede the development of the underground space of Perm
- ↑ Kuchevasov, Sergey . 7 of the most ambitious, but never realized Permian plans (Rus.) , City . The appeal date is January 7, 2018.
- ↑ Delivery to the platform (Rus.) . The appeal date is January 7, 2018.
- ↑ Perm citizens were offered to donate money for the metro (Rus.) . The appeal date is January 7, 2018.
- ↑ How about the wall of the subway (rus.) . The appeal date is January 7, 2018.