Platonov, Alexey Pavlovich (flagship)

Born 24.02 (8.03) .1894 in the city of Orel. After graduating from the Technical Railway School, he worked in his specialty until the outbreak of the First World War. In May 1915, according to general mobilization, Aleksey Pavlovich was in military service in the fleet in the city of Novosiliev, Tula province. In October 1915 A.P. Platonov arrived in the Black Sea Fleet and was sent to the Black Sea Fleet crew to undergo combat training. After completing combat training, he was assigned to the battleship (battleship) “Empress Catherine the Great” in the machine team, where he sailed as a machinist until 1918. In May 1916, A.P. Platonov held the exam at the Sevastopol Machine School for the rank of machine non-commissioned officer and, at the end of the exam, he performed duties until this rank. In September 1916, A.P. Platonov was promoted to the rank of machine non-commissioned officer. In this rank, he served until the end of spring 1917. As A.P. Platonov himself indicated in his track record: “From February 1916 to April 3, 1918 he sailed“ Free Russia ”in C. F. dreadnought (correctly -“ Empress Catherine the Great. ”- Auth.) the position of the driver, in the last year of Art. machine specialist (senior non-commissioned officer). From the day of arrival on the ship, he participated in all campaigns of the ships of the 1st brigade (lin.corr.), Participated in battles against Tours. Esc. Ships “Geben” and “Breslau” and coastal shelling of the Turkish coast with lin. "Free Russia". I had no injuries. ”

After the February Revolution, the battleship Empress Catherine the Great was renamed Free Russia. Then A.P. Platonov was elected chairman of the ship committee of this ship. In May 1917, he was promoted to the rank of senior machine specialist (senior non-commissioned officer). In July 1917, Alexei Pavlovich became a member of the RCP (b). Senior non-commissioned officer A.P. Platonov actively participated in the revolutionary process in the Black Sea Fleet. He gained great authority among the sailor masses. Therefore, in October 1917, Alexei Pavlovich, after the Black Sea Congress of Sailors, was elected a delegate to the All-Russian Congress of Sailors. The congress opened on November 18, 1917 in Petrograd. A. Baranov was elected chairman of the congress, E. Blokhin and A. Platonov, comrades (deputies) of the chairman, V. Lemekhov, R. Kronberg and E. Dvoinykh secretaries. The congress discussed the following issues: about the current moment and about power (speaker Lubitsky); report of the Naval Revolutionary Committee on the activities of the Centroflot and its work (speakers Shtarev and Evdokimov); report of the Supreme Maritime College on reforms and the maritime department (speaker Dybenko). The congress was to approve a new regulation on fleet management, to elect delegates to the Central Executive Committee of the Soviets and the Supreme Maritime College. After discussing the report on the current situation and on power, the congress, reflecting the mood and aspirations of all naval sailors, by a majority of 159 votes, with 2 against and 29 abstentions, adopted a resolution on the full support of the Soviets. The congress elected 20 people (twenty) who made up the Maritime Section in the Central Executive Committee of the Soviets, replacing the Admiral-action Council and received the name of the Legislative Council of the Maritime Department. The Bolshevik faction candidates were elected to the Maritime Section: A. Baranov, A. Platonov, S. Baranov, Shtarev, Kronberg, Marusev, Lemekhov, Kiryak, Polukhin, Morozov, Pendyurin, Fartuchenko, Rybjakov and candidates from the non-partisan bloc: Voloshin, Tikhomirov, Bogdanov, Saks, Kuzmin, Stepikov and Buldakov. At the III All-Russian Congress of Soviets, at the suggestion of Y. M. Sverdlov, these 20 delegates from the first All-Russian Congress of the Navy were included in the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. The task of this section was to prepare for the Soviet government draft legislative orders and decrees on questions of the Navy. So A.P. Platonov became a member of the Legislative Council and a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. In the Naval Section of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, A.P. Platonov worked to abolish the Legislative Council until its dissolution. He was a member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee until the end of the 7th Congress of Soviets (December 1919), he worked on the appointment of the faction as secretary of the counting commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. In the fall of 1918, A.P. Platonov, in combination with the main place of work, was appointed by the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee a member of the Cassation Tribunal of this body of Soviet power. He held this position until the beginning of spring 1920. And in March this year he was appointed (concurrently) a member of the Supreme Tribunal of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. In the early years of Soviet power, many active participants in the October Revolution and the Civil War often moved from one post to another and were simultaneously elected to various government bodies. A.P. Platonov did not escape such a fate. From November 1919 to May 1920, he was commissioner of the Moscow Institute of Railway Engineers and elected as a member of the Founding State Council at the People’s Commissariat of Education (People’s Commissariat of Education). And from April 1920 to July 1921, Alexei Pavlovich was the Head of the Kremlin and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee Houses. Then he was sent to work in the Crimea. From July 15 to November 15, 1921 A.P. Platonov worked as a regional party instructor in the Crimean Republic. He put a lot of effort into the work of the newly created primary party organizations. From November 15, 1921 until his mobilization in April 1922, A.P. Platonov was chairman of the Union of Construction Workers of the Crimean Republic and at the same time chairman of the Crimean Committee of State Structures. In April 1922, A.P. Platonov was again mobilized for party mobilization and sent to study at the RKKF Maritime Academy. By order No. 591 of April 4, 1922 at the Maritime Academy, A.P. Platonov was appointed a candidate for the students of this higher naval educational institution. For a month he held tests in several general and specialized disciplines and in May he was enrolled as a student of the Preparatory Courses of the Higher Military School (Academy order No. 803 of May 9, 1922). Then Alexei Pavlovich took a military oath. Soon he gained authority from his fellow students and the leadership of the Academy. Acknowledgment of these merits was the appointment of A.P. Platonov to the Academy Council from students of Preparatory courses with participation in the Presidium Meeting (Academy order No. 48 § 7 of April 18, 1923).

In March 1923, by the order of the RVSR, P.I.Lukomsky, the hero of the Civil War, was awarded the three orders of the Red Banner, who commanded the Red Army during the war, and was appointed commissar of the rifle corps before being appointed military commissar of the academy. He immediately attracted A.P. Platonov to party work in the preparatory course. Alexey Pavlovich successfully combined his studies, party work and social duties as a member of the Academy Council. He became a leader in studies and public affairs. He was increasingly given various assignments related to improving the life of students. And Aleksey Pavlovich tried to fulfill these instructions qualitatively on time. This was facilitated by his great life experience. In April 1923, B. B. Gervais was reappointed as the head of the Naval Academy, retaining the teaching of strategy and history of naval art. Former Academy Head M. A. Petrov switched to teaching. Aleksey Pavlovich developed good relations with both of them during his time on the Academy Council. More than once they came together to look for a solution to urgent issues of organizing the life and nutrition of students of the Academy. October 28, 1924 A.P. Platonov was enrolled as a student of the naval (command) faculty of the Naval Academy. Together with him that year, several other prominent figures of the fleet became listeners: I.K. Kozhanov - chief and commissioner of the Naval Forces of the Far East, I.M. Ludri - chief and commissioner of the Naval Forces of the Caspian Sea, K.I.Dushenov - commander the commissar of the Sevastopol port, P. P. Sheshaev - the commander of the Shlisselburg fortress, as well as his classmates in preparatory courses P. I. Smirnov-Svetlovsky and S. E. Stolyarsky.

While studying at the Naval Academy, A.P. Platonov and his wife Anna Pavlovna lived in a small, poorly furnished room on one of the lines of Vasilyevsky Island. There was almost no firewood. Dampness impregnated clothes. We ate very poorly. Because of this, Alexei Pavlovich could not stand it and fell ill from March 30 to April 6, 1926. In his track record is written: "The patient at the apartment (order for the Academy No. 48 § 1 and No. 50 § 1)."

The authority of Aleksey Pavlovich among the students and the leadership of the Naval Academy, as well as the command of the RKKF and the Central Committee of the RCP (b), was so great that he was entrusted with the duties of the Commissioner of the Academy on September 16, 1925 (Academy Order No. 19211 of September 16, 1925 .). And on November 12 of the same year, A.P. Platonov was appointed foreman of the faculty of Naval Weapons of the Naval Aviation Administration (Academy order No. 24691 of 11/12/1925). But despite the severity and burdensomeness of all these duties, Alexei Pavlovich studied hard and hard. In this, he set an example to all his classmates.

By order of the RKKF No. 445 dated November 5, 1925, the WMA student A.P. Platonov was approved by the representative of the Naval Scientific Society (VMNO) to the Mine Section of the Scientific and Technical Committee (NTKM) of the RKKF Naval Forces (Academy order No. 24889 of 16.11. 1925). Since then, over the next twelve years, he has been associated with this naval institution.

On November 14, 1925, A.P. Platonov was transferred from the naval faculty to the 3rd Academic course (class No. 8) of the faculty of naval weapons by order of the RKKF No. 462 (Academy order No. 251 § 7). After that, Aleksey Pavlovich studied at VMA for another three years. During this time he acquired fundamental knowledge in the field of naval weapons. This allowed him to fully fulfill his duties in the NTKM Mine Section when considering new models of artillery and mine-torpedo weapons.

After graduating from the Naval Academy, A.P. Platonov served in various positions for two years in the Mineral Testing Party of the Kronstadt Marine Plant of the Main Military Port (GWP) of the Baltic Sea Naval Forces. From November 1928 to February 1929 he was on a business trip in France (in Paris), together with the major naval weapons scientist E. L. Bravin.

March 1, 1930 A.P. Platonov was appointed a member of the commission of the Scientific and Technical Committee of the Office of the Naval Forces of the Red Army. At the same time, he was chairman of the Mine Section of the NTKM. In the next seven years, he happened to participate in the consideration of new models of mine-torpedo weapons.

Alexey Pavlovich assisted his classmate in the Naval Aviation A. E. Brykin in organizing the Scientific Research Mine-Torpedo Institute of the Naval Forces. Thanks to this support, NIMTI was officially opened in September 1932.

A.P. Platonov also participated in the design of the armament of small M-type positional submarines. He performed this work as part of a group of naval weapons engineers. This was preceded by the issuance of tasks for this type of submarine.

On May 9, 1930, the head of the Naval Forces of the Red Army, R. A. Muklevich, approved the new Operational-Tactical Task for a Small Positioning Boat of the Baltic Theater. This document retained its previous tasks: acting on positions against military and merchant ships in the narrow and skerries of the Baltic Theater. Armament was reduced to two pairs of 533-mm torpedo tubes in the bow and stern without spare torpedoes. Artillery - one 37-mm universal semiautomatic device. Progress: surface - 10-12 knots, underwater - 8-10 knots. Cruising range was planned up to 1000 miles in an economic course, autonomy - 10 days, working depth - up to 50 meters.

NTKM, with the participation of the chairman of the mine section A.P. Platonov, developed several options for a draft design. The third option approached the given requirements to the greatest extent. Almost by the end of this development, at the beginning of 1932 a decision was taken by the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) And the Council of People's Commissars on the reconstruction of the naval forces of the Far East. In this regard, the project of a small submarine, which without disassembly could be transported by rail, was very helpful. In September 1932, it was approved by the head of the Naval Forces of the Red Army V. M. Orlov.

The first submarines of this type laid at the Nikolaev shipbuilding plant them. A. Marty at the end of August 1932. The construction and commissioning of the entire series of 30 boats lasted for exactly three years.

Tests of the first "babies" of the IV series in the Black Sea revealed serious design flaws, to eliminate which it was necessary to create a commission chaired by the Namorsi of the Red Army Navy V. M. Orlov. The commission consisted of A. N. Asafov, V. P. Vologdin, P. F. Papkovich, V. F. Popov and Yu. A. Shimansky. From the Mine Section of the NTKM, its chairman A.P. Platonov periodically participated in the work of this commission.

The Commission identified the causes of the main shortcomings (shortage of speed, poor seaworthiness, slow immersion): the influence of the roughness of riveted joints on the speed, increased wave resistance of the hull in the above-water position, the negative role of deck tanks in ensuring seaworthiness, the reduced passage area of ​​the kingston gratings, individual deviations factories from technology during construction. Some alterations made it possible to increase the underwater speed of this type of submarine from 5.3 to 6.3 knots. But in the surface position, the speed still did not exceed 11 knots instead of 13 knots according to the specification. With a torpedo salvo, a boat surfaced, showing the top of the radio mast, and sometimes the bridge. The total dive time was about 2 minutes. Due to poor seaworthiness, the wave covered the wheelhouse fence, causing the battery to flood.

All these comments did not concern the torpedo tubes and torpedoes themselves, for the technical excellence of which NTKM was responsible. So, the contribution of the chairman of the Mine Section of the NTKM A.P. Platonov to the creation of submarines of type "M" was significant. He and his staff provided reliability in the battle of this formidable weapon during the years of World War II. The entire series was completed in October 1936.

With the introduction of personal military ranks in the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union in September 1935, A.P. Platonov, among the first, was awarded the high rank and chairman of the NTKM Mine Section. By order of People's Commissar of Defense of Marshal of the Soviet Union K. E. Voroshilov No. 2500 dated December 2, 1935, the military rank “flagship engineer of the 3rd rank” was awarded to A. P. Platonov, A. D. Posazhennikov, I. D. Motorny, A. F. Miroshkin, P.V. Messer, A. M. Lavrov, B. I. Kudrevich, V. A. Gorshkov, N. I. Gorbunov and V. V. Vasiliev. The same title a little earlier, on November 26, was awarded to L. V. Antsipo-Chikunsky and N. M. Hait. The last flagship engineer of the 3rd rank in 1935 was E.L. Bravin. Thus, Alexei Pavlovich Platonov deservedly entered the number of the first fifteen first flagship engineers of the 3rd rank of the Navy of the Red Army.

The service of the 3rd-rank flagship engineer A.P. Platonov as chairman of the NTKM Mine Section continued until the beginning of 1937. During this time, he participated in the verification of the tactical and technical characteristics of many domestic developments of mine-torpedo weapons. However, after the beginning of mass political repressions in the army and navy, this activity came to an end.

At the beginning of 1937, 3rd-level flagship engineer A.P. Platonov was transferred to a teaching position at the Naval Academy as a senior lecturer. In this position, Alexei Pavlovich served until the end of the second decade of the last month of the summer of the "fatal" year.

Repression

By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the Marshal of the Soviet Union K. Ye. Voroshilov No. 3200 dated August 20, 1937, 3rd-level flagship engineer A.P. Platonov was removed from his post and removed from the lists of the Red Army under article 43, paragraph “c” (in connection with the arrest by authorities NKVD). He was charged with "participation in the Trotsky-military conspiracy in the Red Army."

The investigation into the case of the flagship engineer of the 3rd rank A.P. Platonov lasted seven months. During this time, investigators, through physical and moral measures of influence, obtained from Alexei Pavlovich recognition of his participation in illegal actions. It was a self-talk. But then such forced confessions were in the order of things. At the end of the investigation, the case on the charge of A.P. Platonov "of participating in a conspiracy in the Red Army" was referred to the Military Tribunal (VT) of the Red Banner Baltic Fleet (KBF).

On March 10, 1938, at a meeting of the BTF KBF, the case "on the charge of the former chairman of the Mine Section of the Marine Scientific and Technical Committee of the Naval Forces of the Red Army of the 3rd rank Aleksey Platonov, flagship engineer of the Trotsky conspiracy in the Red Army MC" was considered. The military judges examined the case of A.P. Platonov for several tens of minutes and passed a conviction on him of capital punishment (VMN) - execution.

After the verdict was announced, Aleksey Pavlovich Platonov was placed in the VTB KBF prison cell. Here he wrote a petition for a pardon to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, which was not satisfied. After that, his case was examined by the so-called “deuce”, composed of the USSR Prosecutor General A. Ya. Vyshinsky and the People’s Commissar of the NKVD N. I. Ezhov. The verdict was approved. The corresponding document was sent by special mail from Moscow to Leningrad. It ordered the execution of the sentence immediately after receiving an extract from the resolution of the “highest two”.

On May 22, 1938, the former chairman of the Mine Section of the NTKM Naval Forces of the Red Army and the senior lecturer of the Naval Aviation, rank 3 flagship engineer A.P. Platonov was shot. The date of his rehabilitation is unknown.

Ranks

• 3rd rank flagship engineer ( December 2, 1935 ). ^{[1] [2]}

Address

He lived in Leningrad .

• Book of memory of the Oryol region.
• Bliznichenko S. S. On the 120th anniversary of the birth of flagship engineer of the 3rd rank Alexei Pavlovich Platonov // Military History Archive. 2013. No. 10. P. 54-72.

• Repression in the Red Army and the Red Army
• Lists of victims
• KP of victims of political repressions in the Oryol region
• Center for genealogical research
• List of Fleet Flagship Engineers, 1st Rank Flagship Engineers, 2nd Rank Flagship Engineers, 3rd Rank Flagship Engineers of the USSR Red Army MC (1935-1940)