Creatinine is the final product of the creatine-phosphate reaction. Creatinine is produced in the muscles and then secreted into the blood . Creatinine is involved in the energy metabolism of muscle and other tissues. Creatinine is excreted from the body by the kidneys in the urine, therefore, creatinine (its amount in the blood) is an important indicator of kidney activity.
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| Chem. formula | C₄H₇N₃O |
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Content
- 1 Summary
- 2 See also
- 3 Literature
- 4 References
Quick Details
The content of creatinine in the blood depends on the volume of muscle mass, therefore, for men, the norm of creatinine is usually higher than for women. Since the volume of muscle tissue does not change rapidly, the level of creatinine in the blood is a fairly constant value.
Blood creatinine rate:
- Women: 44.0-80.0 μmol / L;
- Men: 74.0-110.0 μmol / L;
- Children under 1 year: 18-35 micromol / l;
- Children from 1 to 14 years: 27-62 micromol / l;
Urinary creatinine excretion in urine:
- in men: 8.8-17.7 mmol (1.0-2.0 g)
- in women: 7.1-15.9 mmol (0.8-1.8 g)
High creatinine is an indicator of an abundant meat diet (if elevated in blood and urine), renal failure (if elevated only in blood). Creatinine levels increase with dehydration , muscle damage, physical activity. A low level is observed with reduced meat consumption, a vegetarian diet and starvation, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. A high creatinine level may indicate an increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in X-ray contrast studies (see Cockcroft-Gault Method ).
Creatinine as an indicator of renal function is not without drawbacks: its level is affected by gender, race, body weight, diet, inflammatory diseases and the patient's age. In addition, the sensitivity of creatinine as an indicator leaves much to be desired (its level in blood plasma may remain within normal limits even with a decrease in glomerular filtration rate by 50%). In this regard, a new method for determining the glomerular filtration rate is proposed - by the level of cystatin C , which has significant advantages in sensitivity over the control of creatinine level (but more expensive).
See also
- Creatine
- Cystatin C is a new marker of kidney function.
- Ground clearance (medicine)
Literature
- Velkov V.V. Diabetic nephropathy in three dimensions: hyperfiltration, albumin, creatinine // Laboratory diagnostics. - 2012. - No. 4. - S. 50-72.
- Shestakova M. V. The modern concept of "chronic kidney disease": diagnostic methods, clinical significance // Diabetes mellitus. - 2008. - No. 2.