Russian State Library for Youth

GRUB (1966–1996): State Republican Youth Library

Since 1939, the youth branch of the State Public Historical Library (now the State Public Historical Library of Russia ) worked in the building of the Historical Museum on Red Square.

On October 11, 1966, on the initiative of the Ministry of Culture of the RSFSR and the Komsomol Central Committee, on the basis of this branch, the country's first specialized library of republican significance for readers of youthful age was created - from 14 to 21 years. The new library is located on the first floor of a 9-storey residential building opposite the Preobrazhenskaya Square metro station. The library was headed by Irina Viktorovna Bakhmutskaya .

Activity

1960s

The idea, on the basis of which the necessity of such a specialized library was based: youth - a special age category with specific social and psychological characteristics; it was during this period that young people faced the vital problems of education, professional choice, the formation of citizenship, moral, aesthetic, artistic principles. Literature, calculated on the experience of a mature and more conservative generation, does not find a response among young people who have not yet received similar experience ^[2] . In the 1960s and 1970s, departments were created in the GRUB, which had no analogues in the then mass library service system. It:

• department of sociological research;
• professional orientation department;
• information and bibliographic department on youth issues;
• music and music department (later - art department);
• the department of audiovisual materials with language laboratory;
• department of mass work ^[3] .

On the other hand, the activities of the library as an ideological, educational institution came to the fore. In accordance with the realities of time in the library were created:

• the department for the propaganda of the Marxist-Leninist world view (later - the department for the promotion of the Leninist heritage);
• Lenin's reading room;
• department of military patriotic education;
• department of aesthetic education.

The GRUB was a methodical base of the Komsomol Central Committee , the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions , the Ministry of Internal Affairs and from the moment of its establishment it actively cooperated with these organizations, as well as with the library system of the Ministry of Education and Technical and Vocational Education, organizing joint actions, conferences, meetings and round tables. Within the walls of the library, retreat meetings of the plenary sessions of the Komsomol Central Committee were often held.

1970s

In the 1970s, thanks to the efforts of I. V. Bakhmutskaya and her like-minded people, a network of republican, regional, regional, and youth libraries was created in the country. The GRUB becomes an All-Union Methodological Center for Library and Bibliographic Service for Youth. No significant action related to youth was held without the participation of GRUB. The library provided concrete methodological and practical assistance to librarians in the regions, helped to compile libraries in the villages of young builders of the All-Union Komsomol construction projects with literature.

In 1974, the Central Library Fund (CBF) was created within the framework of the GRUB to assist the country's mass libraries (primarily libraries newly created or affected by natural disasters ) in recruiting funds. Thousands of parcels of books from the Central Library of Printing Industry were sent to all corners of the country, including the villages of the young builders of the Baikal-Amur Railway (BAM) , a unique “construction site of the century,” as it was called then. The length of the branch was almost 3200 km. It was run by the agitation train of the Komsomolskaya Pravda Central Committee of the Komsomol, in one of the cars of which the library was equipped - a kind of branch of the GRUB. She was headed by Zoya Panova, an employee of the GRUB, who arrived at the BAM on a Komsomol trip. During the train stops right in the car one could read books, magazines and newspapers, listen to records and radio, order new literature ^[3] .

One of the brightest events of that time was the collection of books for young builders, announced by GRUB and the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda. The action was called the Scarlet Sail. Every day hundreds of parcels with books came to the library from the whole country. The young employees of GRUB did a tremendous job in accepting parcels in the mail and selecting literature to form funds in accordance with the needs of libraries for builders ^[3] .

• From the photo archive GRUB
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  I.V. Bakhmut

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  The first employees of GRUB. The end of the 60s

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  GRUB: book exhibitions of the 70s

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  Agitation train of the Komsomolskaya Pravda Central Committee VLKSM

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  The main entrance to the library in the late 60s

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  Visitor students, late 70s

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  The interior of the library lobby in the early 80s

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  Reading room GRUB in the early 80s

In the same period, experience is gained in creating its own research and analytical base. The Department of Sociology of the GRUB conducted three large-scale all-Union studies: “Book and reading in the life of working youth”, “Book in the life of the modern village”, “Reading high school students”. The Department of Career Guidance developed and tested a system of experimental techniques that began to be actively introduced into the practice of libraries of various systems and departments: “Work of libraries for the development of the cognitive interests of high school students”, “Joint work of the library and school in connection with the cognitive interests of high school students”, development of humanitarian interests of high school students ” ^[3] . The department staff traveled all over the country, having conducted countless courses of advanced training, seminars, workshops, and lectures.

The following can be considered as innovative ideas and practices introduced by GRUB into domestic librarianship in the 1970s ^[3] :
- acquisition of the library with non- books (first of all with records and notes , but also with slides , slides , stamps );
- organization of the subscription of records (in 1971 - for the first time in the USSR);
- career guidance system developed by the department of vocational guidance and used for many years by hundreds of libraries at various levels;
- sociological studies of the reading and library behavior of young people;
- methods of analysis of library demand, which is constantly modified and used today;
- clarification of professional terminology, introduction of the terms “business reading”, “free reading”, “library behavior”;
- the concept of the interaction of youth libraries with the education system.

In the 70s, youth delegations from various countries of Europe, Latin America, and the USA frequently visited the library ^[3] . Meetings were held on the line of the club of international friendship at the RK VLKSM, whose collective member was GRUB. It was then that the first meetings of the library staff with representatives of foreign, still practically unknown in the USSR subcultures - hippies , punks , metalworkers took place . The GRUB often hosted rallies-concerts in support of the Chilean people or in solidarity with Cuba ^[3] .

• From the photo archive GRUB
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  Young people of Germany visiting GRUB

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  In the library - a delegation of American youth

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  Visit of the young french communists

1980s

In the 1980s, the library actively developed cultural, educational and leisure activities among young people. In these years, the writers Anatoly Aleksin , Albert Likhanov , Julian Semenov , Leonid Zhukhovitsky , Vladimir Amlinsky become guests and friends of the library; poets Rasul Gamzatov , Andrei Dementiev , Robert Rozhdestvensky , Alexander Ivanov ; composers Jan Frenkel , Mark Fradkin , Evgeny Krylatov , Evgeny Martynov , Vladimir Shainsky and many others. The library hosted creative evenings of actors: Vera Vasilyeva , Vasily Lanovoy , Zinovy ​​Gerdt , Valentin Gaft , Vladimir Konkin , Yevgeny Petrosyan , film director Stanislav Rostotsky . The first concerts of Joseph Kobzon , Konstantin Raikin and other artists, whose names later became stellar, took place here ^[3] .

Library sociologists conducted an all-Union research "Young reader-80", the results of which for a long time determined the strategy of interaction of youth libraries with their readers.

At this time, creative associations and clubs of interest worked in the library: the literary association “Scarlet Sails”, the discussion-political club “Dialogue”, the military-patriotic club “Podvig”, the psychological club “Communication” and others. Through the mass work department, major events were organized in the Polytechnic Museum (actions dedicated to public holidays and significant dates) and in the October Hall of the House of Unions (evening cycles "Soviet Writers - Youth"). Each event was necessarily complemented by an exit book exhibition.

Since 1981, the country's first department of environmental education and education began its work at the GRUB. Its employees organized and held meetings for the librarians of the USSR, seminars, conferences, advanced training courses, schools of professional skill, review competitions on environmental topics, published methodological and bibliographic materials (in 2002 by the decision of the board of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation on the basis of the department Scientific and Methodological Center for Ecological Culture - ECA).

Intensive work was also carried out in the department of scientific and technical creativity of young people created in the mid-1980s ^[3] .

Awards

In 1968, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the library was awarded the name of the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol.

In 1977, the library was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize for its great contribution to the education of young people; the prize was presented by the first secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee E. Tyazhelnikov ^[3] . In subsequent years, the GRUB was also awarded numerous certificates of merit and diplomas, Gold and Silver medals of the USSR Exhibition of Economic Achievements .

RSLB (1996–2009): Russian State Juvenile Library

1996 was a landmark for the network of youth libraries. Over the 30 years of their existence, specialized funds were collected, and specialists were trained to work with this category of readers. The State Republican Youth Library (GRUB) becomes a unique methodological center, and the coordinator of this network is called the Russian State Youth Library (RSLB) ^[4] .

In 2001 there was a change of leadership: V. Ostrovskaya changed her job to I. V. Bakhmutskaya.

On December 1, 2006, Irina Borisovna Mikhnova became the library director, from 1980 to 1994, she worked in the library as head of the editorial and publishing department, and then, after defending her thesis, in the sociology department of the RSLB. At that time, I. B. Mikhnov headed the Centralized Library System "Kievskaya" of the city of Moscow (from 1996 to 2006) ^[5] .

In accordance with the requirements of the time and due to the need to maintain the interest of young people in reading and visiting libraries (critically declined by the beginning of the 2000s) from the end of 2006 to the beginning of 2009, the library underwent a complete restructuring and modernization - the composition of the funds to the appearance of the library ... "modernized" were the service system, resources, technology, personnel, the environment " ^[6] .

On April 9, 2009, the official opening ceremony of the RSL was held in a new capacity, under the motto “Modern Library - for Modern Youth”. Among the honored guests of the library were heads of the Ministry of Culture of Russia, federal and Moscow libraries, representatives of the State Duma Committee on Youth Affairs, the Ministry of Sport, Tourism and Youth Policy of the Russian Federation, the City Committee of Culture, the HLW Cultural Department of Moscow, as well as regional authorities, library veterans, professors and teachers of the Moscow State University of Culture and Arts, firms, publishing houses and just friends of the library. Among them is the famous Russian poet Andrei Dementiev , with whom the library has a long-standing friendship ^[7] .

On April 16, 2009, the grand opening of the Youth Historical and Cultural Center “The Mansion of a Merchant V. D. Nosov”, which is a branch of the State Humanitarian Observatory (located on the IICC at Elektrozavodskaya St., 12, p.1), took place. It houses the music and music department of the library, which has more than 70 thousand records, 40 thousand music books and an extensive collection of books on musical themes ^[8] .

RSGB (since September 2009): Russian State Library for Youth

On September 9, 2009, by order of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation dated August 27 for No. 589 RSLB, it was renamed the Russian State Library for Youth (RSGB).

Structural units serving users

• Hall of literature in natural and technical sciences
• Hall of Literature in Social and Human Sciences
• Hall of literature in foreign languages
• Hall of a rare book
• Hall of fiction and art
• Bureau of Library Science
• Children's room
• Information Resource Center for Youth
• Computer library
• Music and music department
• Comic and Visual Culture Center
• Center for psychological support and social adaptation of young people

• Halls of the Russian State Library for Youth
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  Hall art
  literature
  and arts

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  Cafe "Coffee and newspapers"

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  Hall of literature
  by public
  and humanities

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  Hall of literature
  by natural
  and technical sciences

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  Children's room
  for the youngest visitors

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  Hall of literature
  in foreign languages

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  Computer library

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  Rest zone

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  Hall of a rare book

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  Comic Center
  and visual culture

In the halls, the cumulative fund of which is about 900 thousand editions, there are terminals with an electronic catalog , self-service reader stations (including a book return station, located at the entrance to the library and operating 24 hours a day). Users can independently arrange, rent and extend books taken to their homes, and the process will take no more than a minute. On the territory of the library there is a free Wi-Fi zone allowing visitors to work on their laptops . Virtual reference service works.

The SMBG also has the necessary technological conditions and resource base to ensure free, unhindered access of young people with disabilities to all forms of library services ^[6] .

Activity

The library provides information support to young people in the educational and self-educational process, provides vocational guidance, psychological, educational services; organizes educational, cultural, leisure activities. It is an information and consulting center for youth work for the network of youth, youth and children's libraries of Russia, as well as other public libraries serving young people. The resources and services of the library can be used by citizens of the Russian Federation, near and far abroad.

The Russian State Library for Youth “as a federal-level library is both a model and a base for testing new forms and methods of working with youth for public libraries in Russia, designed to facilitate the interaction of libraries with each other, embedding them in the global library environment, and introducing the ideas of a specialized library service in public consciousness " ^[9] .

Membership in public organizations and associations:

• Russian Library Association (RBA);
• International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA), section of children's and youth libraries;
• American Library Association ( ALA ), Youth Library (YALSA);
• Association of British Librarians and Information Workers.

• The vast space of the first floor in the building 4 bldg. 1 along Bolshaya Cherkizovskaya (where the Russian State Library is now located) during construction was planned for use as a commercial space, but in 1966 it was transferred to the library for use. ^[2]

• The Youth Historical and Cultural Center of the Russian State Library was housed in an old wooden mansion that belonged to the Moscow merchant- Old Believer Vasily Dmitrievich Nosov. The mansion in the Russian modern style was designed by architect Lev Kekushev in 1903 and is a monument of cultural heritage of federal significance ^[10] .

• Since September 2010, the first in Russia Comic Strip Center began its work in the Russian State Library for the Moscow Comics Lovers Club ^[11] . The official opening of the new Comic Hall took place on October 16, 2011. The subscription of the comic book at the beginning of 2016 has more than 4,500 publications.

• On April 15, 2011, blogger Sergei Mukhamedov, known in LiveJournal as a ottenki-serogo user, posted an article titled “No Snot by the Book” on his blog, written under the impression of visiting the RSGB.

Culture shock. Otherwise, do not describe my condition after visiting this library. There are no muddy windows, dusty shelves and a mischievous old woman with a card file grumbling at the only student visitor per day. Wi-Fi and radio frequency tags in books, computers with access to databases and digitized rare editions, a toilet for the disabled and even a show car in the lobby. And all this is essentially free for visitors. You will say: “Of course, everyone can do it with money!”. But no, four years ago this library was similar to hundreds of district brothers until it was not just “strong business executives” who were busy with it, but a team of people who were restless. And even the budget has remained the same, not larger than the others, just here it is spent for its intended purpose.

- Sergey Mukhamedov ^[12]

The reportage, equipped with photographs of the halls and comments by the head of the project management department of the RSBM, Anton Purnik, caused a wide public response and attracted increased attention from the press and television. This was one of the reasons for the visit of the then Russian President Dmitry Medvedev to the Russian State Library for Information Technologies in a meeting with representatives of the Russian Internet community ^{[13] [14]} .

• List of Russian libraries
• State youth policy in the Russian Federation

• Official site

• Alimova L.V. Star ticket On the pages of the history of the Russian State Library for Youth (rus.) // Library Science: Journal. - 2011. - № 14 . - p . 2-4 .
• Balashov N.M. Find your place in the cultural events of the capital (rus.) // Library Science: Journal. - 2011. - № 15 . - p . 10-13 .
• Bondarenko V.V. House with the ghosts. The history of a merchant family (rus.) // Library Science: Journal. - 2011. - № 15 . - pp . 6-9 .
• Ershova E.M. Interieur mansion on Lavrentievskaya (Rus.) // Dom. Dream technology: magazine. - 2012. - № 3-4 . - pp . 30-37 .
• Zakharenko MP, Alimova L.V. Russian State Library for Youth: Information - Knowledge - Education - Leisure (rus.) // Our Youth: Journal. - 2009. - № 1 . - p . 48-49 .
• Kotlukova S. Intellectual House of Culture (Rus.) // Eurostroy: magazine. - 2012. - № 66 . - p . 78-81 .
• Matlina S.G. Is it easy to be a leader in a library for young people? Interview with I.B.Mikhnovoy (Rus.) // Library Business: Journal. - 2011. - № 14 . - p . 5-8 .
• Mikhnova I.B. The Russian State Youth Library as a library of the new generation. The first results of modernization (Rus.) // Libraries - youth: information and analytical bulletin. - 2008. - № 1 . - p . 9-14 .
• Mikhnova I.B. Modern Library: Development Strategies (rus.) // University Book: Journal. - 2012. - № 5 . - p . 14-19 .
• Purnik A.A. What is the trend? New Library Space for Young People (rus.) // Library Science: Journal. - 2011. - № 14 . - p . 17-19 .
• Samokhina M.M. Thirty Years of the Russian State Juvenile Library: The View of a Sociologist // Library in the Context of History: Proc. report and message second nauch. conf. (Rus.) // Scientific. b-ka Ros. state Humanities University, Mos. state University of Culture, Mos. bibl. Association, Club "Realists": collection. - 1997. - pp . 144–147 .