Soyuz-39

•   Commander - Dzhanibekov, Vladimir Alexandrovich (2)
•   Cosmonaut-researcher - Gurragcha, Zhugderdemidiin ( Mong. Gurragchaa, Zhugderdemidiin ) (1) ( Mongolia )

•   Commander - Lyakhov, Vladimir Afanasevich
•   Astronaut-researcher - Hanzorig, Maidarzhavyn ( Mongolia )

The tenth expedition to visit the Salyut-6 orbital scientific station. The eighth international flight under the Intercosmos program . For the first time in space an astronaut from Mongolia.

At this time, the fifth main crew, Vladimir Kovalenok and Viktor Savinykh , worked at the Salyut-6 station.

The work program of the international crew provided for 7 days of biomedical, physicotechnical and technological experiments, as well as a study of the atmosphere and natural resources of the Earth. These experiments were prepared jointly with scientists and specialists of the USSR and the MPR . Research was also continued, which began in the flights of previous international crews using scientific equipment created by scientists of the participating countries of the Intercosmos program and previously delivered to the Salyut-6 orbital station.

The Soviet-Mongolian crew fully completed the scientific program, which included 25 experiments . The most extensive was the complex of biomedical work in which the study of the period of adaptation to zero gravity was continued:

• Biorhythm experiment - using an electrothermometer and a heart rate counter, we studied the peculiarities of human circadian rhythms in the acute period of adaptation;
• Chatzargan experiment - the optimizing effect of a sea ​​buckthorn drug on human metabolism was investigated;
• Neptune experiment - studied the resolution of the eye and deep vision (the ability to determine the depth of the subject) at various levels of illumination;
• Collar experiment - studied the influence of space flight factors on the development of motion sickness ( pain during movement of the arm, head, etc.).

The experiments "Survey", "Questionnaire", "Blood circulation", "Time", "Efficiency", "Perception", "Leisure" were repeated.

Two technological experiments “Altai” were carried out on a Soviet electric heating system “Alloy” with program control: in one, diffusion and mass transfer processes in a metal melt (using lead and tin as an example) and the effect of convective flows arising in a gradient temperature field on these processes were studied; in another, single crystals of vanadium pentoxide were grown under microgravity conditions. V ₂ O ₅ is a semiconductor and is used for the manufacture of thermistors , and also serves as a catalyst in the preparation of organic compounds. The structure, electrical and optical properties of crystals obtained in ground-based devices have been studied in sufficient detail. It is assumed that V ₂ O ₅ crystals grown under microgravity and the absence of convection will have a more perfect structure.

Using a special device, an Erdenet technological experiment was conducted to study the diffusion and redistribution of impurities during dissolution in water and subsequent crystallization of copper sulfate .

A cycle of physical, technical and geophysical studies of the atmosphere was carried out. These are the Horizon – Terminator experiment (determination of the atmospheric optical characteristics in the area of ​​the terminator ), Contrast (the study of the dependence of the atmospheric characteristics on the degree of pollution), Atmosphere (development of a method for determining the transfer function of the atmosphere), Ulan Bator (study of optical atmospheric properties over cities and industrial centers), Solongo (study of the reflection spectra of natural objects in order to compile their spectral catalog). These experiments were carried out using the Bulgarian Spectr-15 device, as well as MKF-6M (GDR) and KATE-140 (USSR) photo cameras.

In the “Radiation” experiment, astronauts using dielectric detectors studied the intensity of the nuclear component of cosmic rays in the low-energy region, and the “Hologram” experiment consisted in obtaining holograms of the physical process using the holographic devices “Light” (Republic of Cuba) and “Fulo” (USSR) the influence of the communication channel on the image quality of holograms transmitted by television to the Earth.

Of particular interest to Mongolia , as an agro-industrial country, were the Biosphere-Mon and Erdem experiments, in which astronauts conducted observations and surveys of individual sections of the territory of Mongolia in the interests of various sectors of the national economy . The information obtained will allow us to investigate especially seismic zones in order to predict the seismicity of the main territory of the MPR, to study ring structures, rift zones, glacial mountain systems, natural pastures, determine the boundaries of dry steppes and semi-desert zones and other geological and geographical characteristics that are of great importance for the national economy.

In addition to carrying out a scientific flight program, astronauts conducted daily television reports from the station. A traditional on-board press conference was held, during which the astronauts answered questions from correspondents accredited at the Mission Control Center .

The “space” communications department continued to operate in orbit : envelopes intended for exhibiting in museums of the USSR and Mongolia were canceled with two special stamps - Soviet and Mongolian. Four astronauts signed a certificate of the International Aviation Federation on the flight of the Soviet-Mongolian crew.

• Soyuz spacecraft series
• Cosmonautics History
• Astronautics

• Nikitin S.A. Space flight of the Soviet-Mongolian crew // Nature: Journal. - 1981. - No. 7 . - S. 103-105 .

• Spaceship Soyuz-39
• Soyuz-39
• Soyuz spacecraft flights
• Stamps with portraits of the crew of the Soyuz-39 ship (Russian) (neopr.) ? . "Space Encyclopedia ASTROnote." Date of treatment August 16, 2014. [2014-08-16 Archived] August 16, 2014.