1923 in science

• June - Moscow Archaeological Society closed.
• August 19 :
  • The All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Exhibition opened at the site of the park. Gorky in Moscow. The exhibition was the forerunner of VDNH .
  • The first Soviet research vessel, Perseus, embarked on its first voyage.
• In Italy, the astronomical observatory Merate .
• Austrian ethologist Carl von Frisch published the work Über die ‚Tiersprache | Sprache 'der Bienen. Eine tierpsychologische Untersuchung ” dedicated to the study of bee communication ^[1] .
• Russian-American engineer Vladimir Zvorykin filed a patent application (US Patent 2141059 of 12/20/1938) for television, which is fully electronic.

• January 9 - Vasily Vladimirov , Soviet and Russian mathematician (d. 2012 ).
• January 23 :
  • Mikhail Bronstein , Estonian and Soviet economist.
  • Erwin Bunning , German biologist.
• January 27 - Konstantin Buteyko , scientist, physiologist, clinician (d. 2003 ).
• February 16 - Margaret Barr , Canadian Mycologist (d. 2008 ).
• 24 February
  • Klavdia Pavlovna Frolova ( Ukrainian: Frolova Klavdiya Pavlіvna ) , Soviet and Ukrainian literary critic and critic, professor (d. 2010 ).
  • Minoru Oda , a Japanese scientist, an astrophysicist , one of the founders of space research in Japan (d. 2001 ).
  • Mikhailo Markovic , Serbian philosopher, representative of the Praxis School (d. 2010 ).
  • Norman Moore , British environmentalist, one of the most influential conservationists, writer.
  • Tadeusz Golebievski ( Polish: Tadeusz Gołębiewski ), Polish biotechnologist, professor (d. 2010 ).
  • Sigmund Skorzynski ( Polish: Zygmunt Skórzyński ) is a Polish sociologist and public figure (d. 2018 ). ^[2]
• February 28 - Rasim Amirov , Bashkir electrocardiologist, physiologist (d. 1995 ).
• April 28 - Zarifa Aliyeva , a famous Azerbaijani ophthalmologist (d. 1985 ).
• April 30 - Victor Adamsky , a Soviet, Russian physicist, participated in the development, creation and testing of the RDS-202 thermonuclear device (d. 2005 ).
• May 5 - James Arnold , American scientist, professor Emeritus of Chemistry named after Harold Urey and recognized pioneer in the field of planetary and space chemistry at the University of California at San Diego (d. 2012 ).
• May 17 - Victor Belyakov , Russian Soviet scientist in the field of cryogenic and vacuum technology (d. 1986 ).
• May 21 :
  • Pavel Agadzhanov , an outstanding Soviet design engineer of Armenian descent, one of the founders of Soviet cosmonautics (d. 2001 ).
  • Arman Borel , Swiss mathematician (d. 2003 ).
• May 23 - Mark Volpin , Russian Soviet chemist (d. 1996 ).
• June 3 - Igor Shafarevich , Russian mathematician, philosopher and publicist.
• June 28 - Howard Bigelow , American Mycologist (d. 1987 ).
• August 6 - Boris Boyko , Soviet and Belarusian physicist (d. 1999 ).
• September 1 - George Ratner , one of the founders of cardiovascular surgery in Russia (d. 2001 ).
• September 21 - Nikolai Borisevich , Soviet and Belarusian physicist.
• September 24 - Raul Bott , American mathematician (d. 2005 ).
• October 2 - Evgeny Armensky , a figure in Russian education and science, founder of the Moscow Institute of Electronic Engineering .
• October 13 - Alexey Bodalyov , an outstanding Russian psychologist.
• October 27 - Spartak Belyaev , Soviet physicist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
• November 8 - Jack Kilby , American physicist, engineer, creator of the first integrated circuit , Nobel laureate in physics (d. 2005 ).
• December 13 - Philip Anderson , American theoretical physicist.

• January 23 - Heinrich Waldeyer , German anatomist and histologist (born 1836 ).
• February 6 - Edward Barnard , American astronomer (born 1857 ).
• February 11 - Wilhelm Killing , German mathematician (born 1847 ).
• February 15 - Charles Clermont-Ganno , French Orientalist (born 1846 ).
• March 8th :
  • Jan van der Waals , Dutch physicist , Nobel laureate in physics (born 1837 ).
  • Ernst Zalkovsky , German physiologist (born 1844 ).
• March 27 - James Dewar , Scottish physicist and chemist (born 1842 ).
• April 5 - George Herbert , an English Egyptologist and collector of antiquities (born 1866 ).
• April 24 - Alexander Alenich , Ukrainian physicist and astronomer (born 1890 ).
• May 28 - Pavel Glezdenyov , Mari enlightener, writer and ethnographer (born 1867 ).
• June 4 - Dmitry Anuchin , famous Russian geographer, anthropologist, ethnographer, archaeologist, museologist (born 1843 ).
• July 4 - Vyacheslav Zalensky , Russian botanist-physiologist (born 1875 ).
• July 13 - Ernst Beckmann , German chemist (born 1853 ).
• July 15 - Wilhelm Jerusalem , Austrian historian, psychologist, teacher (born 1854 ).
• August 23 - Hertha Ayrton , English engineer, mathematician and inventor (born 1854 ).
• August 24 - Franz Doflein , German zoologist and protistologist (b. 1873 ).
• September 3 - Sergey Boguslavsky , Russian physicist (born 1883 ).
• November 10 - Herluf Winge , Danish zoologist (born 1857 ).
• November 26 - Vladimir Ikonnikov , Russian historian (born 1841 ).

Nobel Prizes

• Physics - Robert Andrews Millikan - "For experiments on the determination of the elementary electric charge and photoelectric effect."
• Chemistry - Fritz Pregl - "For the invention of the method of microanalysis of organic substances."
• Medicine and Physiology - Frederick Bunting and John MacLeod - "For the discovery of insulin."

Copley Medal

• Horace Lamb .

Wollaston Medal

• William Whitaker .