Guillotine , guillotine shears ( Fr. guillotine ) - a mechanical device for cutting materials, having in its design a slanting movable knife , moving in the same plane without changing the angle of inclination. Designed for direct longitudinal and transverse cutting of sheet and strip material from steel, non-ferrous metals and their alloys at the initial stage of production. The main advantage of guillotine shears is that at the time of the cut, the pressure on the material being cut is not made along the entire length of the cut, which reduces the required force. Just cutting the steel sheet with a guillotine allows you to virtually eliminate metal loss in the form of chips. [1] The greater the angle of inclination, the less effort and the lower the cut quality [2] [3] . Guillotine is the common name for mechanisms. , serving for cutting cables , cutting metal sheets, paper and other operations associated with the chopping motion.
The main purpose of the mechanical guillotine is cutting of sheet material in the blank production. Scissors are designed to perform straight cuts, cuts with such a tool are not performed. To hold the material during the cut, some guillotines are composed of a clamp - a press with a mechanical or hydraulic drive [4] . The press reduces the effect of pulling the material out from under the knife and the cut is smoother. In addition, the presence of the clamp allows you to successfully cut stacks of material. In printing houses, guillotines with a clamp are used to format (cut) large piles of paper.
The same principle is applied in mechanisms for cutting sheet ( rolled ) metal (guillotine-type machines, guillotine shears), as well as for cutting cables in emergency situations, for example, in case of need to reset the engine tested on the engine mount from a flying laboratory, all associated with this engine The wires are cut with a guillotine, and not disconnected. In the meat industry there are guillotine crushers. A device for trimming the tips of cigars is arranged according to the same principle and is called a guillotine .
Content
Classification
By type of control guillotine shears are classified into:
- manual;
- pneumatic;
- hydraulic;
- mechanical;
- electromechanical;
- automatic (CNC);
- combined.
Notes
- ↑ Felling of sheet metal on the guillotine (rus.) (May 26, 2018). The appeal date is September 1, 2018.
- ↑ Forge and pressing machines, 1979 , p. 222.
- ↑ Mechanical Engineering, 1948 , p. 721.
- ↑ Forge and pressing machines, 1979 , p. 223.
Literature
- Engineering: Encyclopedic reference. - M .: State scientific and technical publishing house of machine-building literature. Section IV, 1948. - T. 8. - 1072 p.
- Scheglov V.F., Maksimov L.Yu., Linz V.P. Forging and pressing machines: A textbook for technical schools in the specialty "Theory, design and calculation of forging and pressing machines" .. - Moscow : Mashinostroenie, 1979. - 304 p.
- GOST 6282-88 “Sheet crank shears with an inclined knife. Parameters and dimensions. Accuracy Standards
- GOST 7355-77 " Combined press-scissors and combined scissors. Basic parameters (canceled) »
- GOST 11647-75 " Combined press-scissors and combined scissors. Accuracy Standards