Peters, Boris Augustovich

Peters Boris Augustovich was born on February 8, 1868 in the city of Odessa in the noble family of Peters Gustav (August) Ernestovich , a builder in the city of Odessa of drainage and waterworks. He graduated with honors from the Kiev Cadet Corps and entered the Art School in the city of St. Petersburg .

In the 80s of XIX century B. Peters participated in the work of the first Russian Marxist , social democratic organization in Blagoev's group . He conducted work among future officers who, having dispersed through the military units of Russia , conveyed socialist ideas to the soldier-peasant masses. During the rout of the organization, he was arrested and sat in solitary confinement in the Peter and Paul Fortress for 8 months. Uncle, Senator Peters, sent him a prison volume of the Gospel with a letter in which he demanded complete repentance. B. Peters refused to write a letter to the emperor and was demoted to rank and file and sent to the Afghan border for three and a half years.

Upon the release of B. Peters, they were deprived of the right to study and reside in cities. Then he and his future wife A.S. Lyubomirova fled abroad, where they married in 1891. In Germany, he graduated from two higher educational institutions , in Darmstadt (1893) and Karlsruhe (1896).

In one of his studies, B. Peters presented the development of the theory of asynchronous motors of three-phase current . After receiving his work for review, the reviewer escaped with it and published it under his own name, and later technically realized it. Later, Boris Peters published this work in a scientific journal ^[1] . To establish authorship, it was necessary to transfer the case to court, but this required a large amount of money, which the Russian political emigrant student burdened with his family did not have. And help from relatives could not be obtained. It became a hidden drama of his life.

But failures on this were not limited. In 1893, E.F. Azef arrived in Karlsruhe on a social democratic ticket. S.-d. a group of Russian fraternities was engaged in the translation into Russian of the articles of K. Kautsky , their printing and illegal transfer to Russia . Failures immediately began. Boris Peters believed that this was the work of Azef , that he was a provocateur . Twice this question was dealt with by the community. Peters went to G.V. Plekhanov for a consultation in Geneva and spoke in the press. But his evidence was not accepted by comrades in S.-d. party, which will be done by other revolutionaries many years later in 1908 ^[2] .

In 1896, B. Peters returned to Russia and joined the department of the Simons and Halske plant in St. Petersburg , and then went to work in the office of R. Erichson ”in Moscow as the Chief Engineer of the electrical and steam-turbine departments.

After the death of his wife B. Peters married VV Shumskaya. Newspapers in 1904 described the wedding in such a way

In 1905, he was one of the leaders of the revolutionary movement , being a member of the Socialist group of the Union of Engineers and a member of the Presidium of Middle and Higher Technicians of Russia. Participated in hostilities against royal tyranny.

In mid-December 1905, B. Peters was arrested and after a 4-month imprisonment in Butyrka prison sentenced to death , subsequently replaced by sending him forever to Turukhansky Krai , from where he managed to escape abroad. From 1906 to 1911 he lived as a political emigrant in Germany and France .

At this time, B. Peters continued to study at the Higher Charltenburg Polytechnic and received a third diploma in refrigeration engineer.

Boris Avgustovich Peters possessed amazing mathematical abilities. According to the stories of his second wife, Vera Vasilievna, once, when they were in the theater in Paris, an extravagant incident happened to them. At the end of the performance, the artist demonstrated his phenomenal possibilities of oral counting. The hall was overwhelmed by a standing ovation, and then he in a confident voice invited those who wanted from the public to compete with him! Hall responded with deathly silence.
- Always like this! - the artist triumphantly concluded, spreading his hands.
And suddenly, a voice from a place: - Allow me ?!
And, without waiting for an answer, Boris Augustovich got up and energetically went to the stage. The hall froze. Smiling perplexedly, the artist squeezed out: - Please!
They became facing the audience. Behind them, the chalk, on the blackboard, the assistant recorded the polysemantic numbers proposed by the audience, which, at the request of the public, they silently added, multiplied, subtracted, divided and extracted square roots. And as soon as the assistant stopped the competition, Boris Augustovich called the final result. With minimal delay, this figure was repeated by the artist. The correctness of the answers was confirmed by solving these problems on the board as an assistant. An annoyed artist, to the applause of the audience, shaking the hand of a stranger, asked:
- Who you are?
- I, the Russian emigrant watered! - Boris Augustovich answered proudly.

In 1911, B. Peters illegally returned to Russia, where he worked under a false name. Soon, according to the denunciation of the journalist Lagov, who lived in his house in Paris, he was arrested and sent to Turukhansk region , where he became seriously ill. At the request of one of the members of the State Duma, he was released and sent abroad.

In 1913, he returned to Russia under an amnesty in connection with the anniversary of the royal house . In Moscow, in the office “R. Erichson, ” he headed the refrigeration department, and then until 1917 he was the chief engineer of the office.

After the revolution, he was appointed the head of the department at the Central Technical Supervision Authority of the NTN VSNH .

In July 1919, B. Peters was sent to the city of Voronezh , where he became head of the Voronezh department of the central technical supervision body. In 1920, he served as the head of the industrial department of Oprodcomarm 2, and then the chief of the technical department at Chusosnabarm SVO. Further, he held senior positions in Gubkustprom, Oblplan of the Central Committee for Security and Defense. B. A. Peters was the Chairperson of the Central Planning Commission Central Committee , as well as the Chairperson of the Central Committee for Zoning Central Committee . In 1923-1926 he was the editor- in -chief of the magazine “ National Economy of the Central Committee for Security and Defense ”.

In 1926 he was seconded to Moscow , where he worked in the Joint-Stock Company Teplo i Strela , and later in the Moscow branch of Kotloturbina as head of the general technical sector.

Since 1930, B. A. Peters was appointed Chief Engineer of the Kotloturbin Ural Branch.

Boris Augustovich was twice married.

• First wife: Alexandra Stepanovna Peters (Lyubomirova, 1874-1903).
  • Sons: Eugene, George ; daughters: Elena, Sophia, Valentina, Tatyana.

• Second wife: Vera Peters (Shumskaya, 1879-1964).
  • Daughter: Olga.

Boris Avgustovich Peters died in Moscow on March 6, 1935 and was buried in the Vagankovsky cemetery under a tombstone with the inscription: “Engineer B. A. Peters - participant in the 1905 revolution”

1. Peters B. A. Theory of three-phase current induction motors. Electricity magazine. Ed. Russian Technical Society of St. Petersburg. 1896.
2. Peters B. A. Improvement of a single-phase alternating current system and their practical significance. Magazine "Electricity". Ed. Russian Technical Society of St. Petersburg. 1897.
3. Peters B. A. About the calculation of wires in the distribution of electrical energy of alternating current. "Proceedings of the 1st All-Russian Electrotechnical Congress." SPb. 1901.Vol. 3. Separate print (report in the III division on 04.01.1900).
4. Peters B. A. About the steam turbogenerators of the Brown system ... (report) "Proceedings of the 2nd All-Russian Electrotechnical Congress". SPb. 1902.
5. Peters B.A. Electrical distribution of force at textile manufactories. Magazine "Electricity". Ed. Russian technical society. SPb. 1908.
6. Peters B.A. Electric drive machines - guns. Magazine "Electricity". Ed. Russian technical society. SPb. Number 7.
7. Peters B. A. Determination of the characteristics of a steam turbine and a method for the comparative evaluation of steam turbines of different systems and types. “Proceedings of the Moscow Society for the Supervision of Steam Boilers”. M. 1910 −1911.
8. Peters B. A. Occupational diseases of workers of electrical engineers. “Proceedings of the Moscow Society for the Supervision of Steam Boilers”. M. 1911.
9. Peters B.A. Electric drive in paper mills. “Proceedings of the Moscow Society for the Supervision of Steam Boilers”. M. 03.1911.
10. Peters B. A. Recent advances in electric lighting. “Proceedings of the Moscow Society for the Supervision of Steam Boilers”. M.07. 1911.
11. Peters B.A. Asynchronous alternators and their applications in practice. “Proceedings of the Moscow Society for the Supervision of Steam Boilers”. M.11. 1911.
12. Peters B. A. The significance of the Central Black Earth Region in the economy of the European part of the USSR. Impression from the magazine "National Economy of the Central Committee of the Central Committee". Voronezh. 1924. book. I.
13. Peters B. A. A brief report edited by B. A. Peters S. N. Vvedensky "1st Conference on the Study of the Productive Forces of the Central Black Sea Region". Voronezh. 1924.
14. Peters B. A. A brief overview of the work of the zoning commission for 1924 "The National Economy of the Central Black Sea Region". Voronezh. 1925 book II p. 133-138.
15. Peters B. A. Industry of the Central Black Earth Region. "The National Economy of the Central Committee of the Chechen Republic". Voronezh. 1925 book II p. 1-22.
16. Peters B.A. Consolidation of volosts and village councils in the provinces and counties that are part of the Central Black Sea District. "The National Economy of the Central Committee of the Chechen Republic". Voronezh. 1925 book II p. 121-132.
17. Peters B. A. External borders of the Central - Chernozem region and the project of its regional division. Voronezh. 1925.
18. Peters B. A. Conference on the study of the Central Center of Economics, 2nd. “Bulletin of the 2nd conference on the study of CCW”. Voronezh. 1925.
19. Peters B. A. Report of the board of the Voronezh district committee of the All-Russian Union of Metal Workers. (about work from 12/12/1923 - 01/01/1925). Voronezh. 1925.
20. Peters B.A. Local Lore Work. Voronezh. 1925.
21. Peters B. A. The importance of electrification for the restoration of the Central Black Earth region. Voronezh. 1926. No. III (VII). an imprint from the magazine "National Economy of the Central Committee of the Central Committee".

1. Nikolaevsky B. I. "The End of Azef." L. 1926. p. 78.
2. Ilyichev M. “The division was moving forward ...” “Theatrical life” No. 4. M. 1978, p. 7.
3. Korzun L. Measure of feat. M., 1984. pp. 5-13.
4. Nikolaevsky B. I. "The History of a Traitor" M. 1991 p. 46-47.
5. Peters B.G. From the past. M., 2006. p. 22-24.
6. Peters G. B. Peters B. G. "From the War" M.2011. p. 32, 160, 175-176 (Appendix 1), 181-183.

• From the archive of B. G. Peters