Battle of Khaibar

In 629, a Muslim detachment of about 1,500 people, led by the prophet Muhammad , opposed the residents of Khaibar. The siege of the oasis lasted a month and a half ^[4] . In the surrender agreement, Khaibar was seen as military booty ( ghanima ). A fifth of the lands of the oasis went in favor of Muhammad as the head of a military expedition, and the rest of the land was distributed among the soldiers. Under the agreement, the local population had to cultivate the land and pay half the harvest to Muslims. Medieval Islamic jurists believed that the Prophet Muhammad saved the land for the residents of Khaibar, turning them into shareholder tenants. Military success in Khaibar contributed to the continued success of Muhammad ^[4] .

After the death of the prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima made claims on her father’s share, but the caliph Abu Bakr refused to satisfy her demands, referring to the words of Muhammad that the prophets have no heirs and all property left by him is the property of the community ^[4] .

In 641, Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab announced the relocation of Jews (including Khaibar) from the oases of Northern Hijaz to Syria. The residents of Khaibar left the oasis without receiving any compensation. The oasis was again divided between the capture participants. Determining the status of oasis lands has become one of the main precedents for solving many land issues in the Caliphate ^[4] .

• Boyko K.A. Khybar // Islam: Encyclopedic Dictionary / Otv. ed. S. M. Prozorov . - M .: Science ,GDVL , 1991 . - S. 263. - ISBN 5-02-016941-2 .