US-Iranian Relations - Bilateral Relations between the US and Iran . Diplomatic relations between the countries were established in 1883 , severed in 1980 . September 27, 2013, for the first time in over 30 years, a telephone conversation took place between Presidents Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani [1]
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Content
- 1 History
- 2 Bilateral economic relations
- 3 notes
- 4 Sources
History
The USA and Iran (then called Persia ) established diplomatic relations in 1883. During the Second World War, there was an increase in American penetration into Iran, due to the fact that this country became one of the corridors of Lend-Lease supplies to the USSR. A number of American facilities were built in Iran, and US troops were stationed. In December 1945, two US-Iranian agreements were concluded: on the sale to Tehran at low cost of US federal property in Iran and on the settlement of Iranian debt under Lend-Lease [2] . Lend-lease debt was determined to maturity in the amount of $ 8.5 million [2] . US involvement in resolving the Iranian crisis has strengthened Washington’s position in Iran. In the context of the outbreak of the Cold War, the United States provided Iran with a loan of $ 25 million in April 1947 to purchase US military equipment, and also extended the term of its military advisers in the Shah’s troops and the gendarmerie until 1949 [3] .
In 1953, there was a coup against the democratically elected prime minister with the participation of US and British special services. In 1978, an Islamic revolution occurred in Iran, as a result of which the shah was forced to leave the country, and radical clerics came to power. The United States broke off diplomatic relations with Iran in 1980 after the capture of employees of the US Embassy in Tehran. Currently, the US government does not have diplomatic or consular relations with Iran.
The United States regularly expressed concern about the Iranian nuclear program , Iran’s support for terrorism, and its violation of human rights. An extensive list of sanctions has been imposed on Iran by the United States and the international community to force Iran to begin negotiations with the international community and begin to solve the problems associated with its nuclear program. The Iranian establishment has repeatedly questioned the right of the State of Israel to exist in its rhetoric, and also prevented the settlement of the Middle East conflict by supplying arms to such groups as Hamas , Hezbollah and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad .
In 2013, with the assumption of the presidency of Iran, Hassan Rouhani , an improvement in relations between the two countries began. Hassan Rouhani expressed readiness for an open discussion of the most difficult issues with the West, and held a series of events demonstrating a change in the country's domestic course: political prisoners were released, access to social networks was open for a while, and so on. In September 2013, for the first time in 34 years, a telephone conversation took place between the leaders of the two states [4] [5] [6] .
In September 2015, Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, in his speech to the UN General Assembly, criticized the United States for its “terrorist policy” - this is how the Iranian leader defined the US invasion of Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as “support for the Zionist regime that oppresses the Palestinian people.” He called dishonest sanctions that have long been in force against Iran because of its nuclear program. But in his speech, the Iranian president supported the final deal on the atom . [7]
In October 2017, U.S. President Trump announced that he would no longer assure Congress that the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action was in the interests of the United States. [8]
On June 20, 2019, the IRGC Air Force shot down an American unmanned vehicle in the Strait of Hormuz . According to IRNA , the US drone RQ-4 Global Hawk violated Iranian airspace and was hit by a ground-to-air missile over the Khormozgan province. According to the US version, the MQ-4C Triton drone flew in international airspace and did not violate Iran’s borders [9] . The US planned to strike back at three military targets in Iran, however, according to Donald Trump, he canceled this decision 10 minutes before the attack [10] .
Bilateral Economic Relations
The US government prohibits US companies from engaging in any economic relationship with Iran. Sanctions were imposed on Iran because of its “support of terrorism”, “refusal to fulfill international obligations under its nuclear program” and because of “human rights violations”.
- Economic sanctions against Iran
Notes
- ↑ The President of the United States for the first time in 30 years held talks with the head of Iran (Inaccessible link) . Date of treatment October 3, 2013. Archived October 4, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 Yungblyud V.T., Vorobyova T.A., Zboev A.V., Kalinin A.A., Kostin A.A., Smolnyak I.V., Chuchkalov A.V. Counter courses: the policy of the USSR and the USA in the Balkans, the Near and Middle East in 1939 - 1947. - Kirov, 2014 .-- S. 392
- ↑ Jungblyud V.T., Vorobyova T.A., Zboev A.V., Kalinin A.A., Kostin A.A., Smolnyak I.V., Chuchkalov A.V. Counter courses: the policy of the USSR and the USA in the Balkans, the Near and Middle East in 1939 - 1947. - Kirov, 2014 .-- S. 396
- ↑ Smiley in a turban , Lenta.ru (October 22, 2013).
- ↑ The White House asked the Jewish lobby to leave Iran , Lenta.ru alone (October 30, 2013).
- ↑ US and Iranian leaders spoke for the first time in 34 years , Lenta.ru (September 28, 2013).
- ↑ The Iranian president accused the United States of terrorism and approved a nuclear deal . Date of treatment October 3, 2015.
- ↑ Trump refused to approve BBC nuclear deal with Iran
- ↑ Iran shot down a US drone over the Persian Gulf . Vedomosti (June 20, 2019). Date of treatment June 25, 2019.
- ↑ “Disproportionate to a Downed Drone”: Trump explained the cancellation of the attack on Iran by his reluctance to kill 150 people . Novaya Gazeta (June 21, 2019). Date of treatment June 25, 2019.