Jean II le Mengre , nicknamed Busico ( fr. Jean II Le Meingre , August 28, 1366 - June 21, 1421) is a French military leader of the Hundred Years War , Marshal, traveler [1] .
| Jean II le Mengre | |
|---|---|
| fr. Jean II Le Meingre | |
 Family coat of arms | |
| Date of Birth | September 28, 1366 |
| Place of Birth |
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| Date of death | June 24, 1421 (54 years old) |
| Place of death | |
| Rank | marshal |
| Battles / wars | Centennial war |
| Awards and prizes | Marshal of France |
Biography
Came from an influential champagne family. The son of Count de Beaufort and d'Ale Jean I le Mengra, Marshal of France , nicknamed Busico. In 1372, he represented his father during a trip to Avignon , the residence of the Pope. Then he traveled with his mentor to Arles and Aliscampus (there were monuments from the time of the Roman Empire ).
After the return becomes a page at the court of King Charles V. Then he took part in the campaign of Louis II , Duke of Bourbon, in Normandy. With the outbreak of war with England in 1380, participated in the siege of the fortresses of Mongwion and Libourne. In 1382 he distinguished himself in the battle of Rosebek. For this, Louis II de Bourbon ordained Busico knighted .
In 1382-1384 he fought as part of the troops of the Teutonic Order against Lithuania. In 1385 he distinguished himself in a military campaign in Galicia , where he fought against the British, led by John Gaunt . In 1388 he leads the troops in the south of Normandy . It captured the important fortress of Breteuil. After the armistice in 1389, he took part in a large knightly tournament in St. Englever (Normandy), where he defeated all his opponents. In the same year he took part in a crusade in Tunisia, where he was captured, then he was transferred to Cairo .
In 1390, Busico returned to France. Here he was appointed chamberlain of the king. In 1391 he again went to Prussia , where he fought against the Polish king Jagiello . On December 23 of the same year, King Charles VI granted Busico the rank of Marshal of France. By order of the king, he destroyed the fortress of d'Archimbo in Perigueux . Then he intervened in a quarrel between the owners of Perigueux, Provence and the Pope. In the end, thanks to the marriage of Busiko with a representative of the Tyuren family, they managed to resolve the conflict.
In 1396, he responded to the call of the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund of Luxembourg regarding the campaign against the Ottoman Empire. Together with other crusaders, he was defeated at Nikopol , was captured, but soon received freedom for ransom.
In 1399 he led the army, which went to the aid of the Byzantine emperor Manuel II Paleolog against the Turks. After returning, he helped Antonio Adorno , Doge of Genoa, in the fight against Gian Galeazzo Visconti , Duke of Milan. In 1401 he became governor of the cities of Savona and Genoa. The next year he moved to Cyprus, where he helped the Genoese fight against the Venetians. It captured the city of Famagusta , but in 1403 was defeated at sea. During the absence of Busico, the French were expelled from Genoa.
In 1409 he returned to France. In 1413, after the death of his father-in-law, Viscountry Tyuren inherited. With the outbreak of war with England, he returned to Paris. In 1415 he led the vanguard of the French army [2] . Contrary to his advice, Carl d'Albre began the battle of Agincourt , in which France was defeated, and Busico was captured. Busiko died on June 21, 1421 in England.
Notes
- ↑ The Chivalric Biography of Boucicaut, Jean II Le Meingre . - Boydell Press, 2016 .-- 232 p. - ISBN 9781783271665 .
- ↑ Mémoires de la Société archéologique de Touraine . - 1867. - 660 s.
Literature
- Lalande, Denis: Jean II le Meingre, dit Boucicaut: (1366-1421) - étude d'une biographie héroïque, Genève 1988.
- Barbara Tuchman, Uno specchio lontano. Un secolo di avventure e di calamità: il Trecento, Mondadori, 1992. ISBN 88-04-35653-7