The Italian Liktorskaya youth ( Italian: Gioventù Italiana del Littorio , GIL) is a youth fascist organization in Italy in 1937–1943, the successor of Opera Nazionale Balilla .
Content
History
After the first military failures of fascist Italy, Mussolini decided to reorganize work with young people of all ages, for which, on October 29, 1937, a new youth organization was created - the Italian Lyktorskaya youth ( Italian Gioventù Italiana del Littorio , GIL), which became the successor of Opera Nazionale Balilla [1] . The name of the organization comes from the word lector (a kind of civil servants in ancient Rome, executors of magistrates' orders) and symbolized the purpose of the Italian youth as performers of the will of the fascist regime. GIL included all the children's and youth organizations in Italy, which included boys and girls aged 6 to 21. Discipline at GIL was tightened (modeled on the youth organizations of Nazi Germany ), and joining the GIL was almost mandatory for all children from 6 years. The main focus of GIL activities was on ideological, sports and military training: from the age of 11 children were taught to handle rifles, and from 16 they learned to shoot machine guns and drive tanks [1] .
The GIL was formally dissolved on July 25, 1943, after the removal of Mussolini from power, but was legally liquidated only in February 1996 by a decision of the Italian Parliament [2] .
GIL Objectives
The main tasks of the Italian youth lecture were as follows:
- spiritual, sporting and basic military training;
- physical education in primary and secondary schools, in accordance with plans drawn up by the Minister of National Education;
- the creation and operation of courses, schools, colleges, academies in the interests of the Italian Liktorskaya youth ;
- assistance in carrying out activities carried out by the National Fascist Party ;
- the organization of excursions and cruises;
- supervision and control of all affiliated organizations.
Oath
The text of the oath, which was taken by all who join the ranks of the Italian Liktorskaya youth :
In the name of God and Italy, I swear to obey orders to the Duce and give all strength, and, if necessary, blood in the name of the fascist revolution .
Organizational Structure
The structure of the Italian Lyktorskaya youth included:
- Young fascists
- Youth fascist avant-garde
- Opera Nazionale Balilla
- Little Italians
- She-wolf children (boys and girls).
Military training
Every year, the organizations of the Italian Liktorian youth, under the leadership of the primary organizations of the National Fascist Party, carried out training camps for young people of 18 years of age throughout Italy in order to better prepare them for future military service.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Belousov L. S. Mussolini's regime and masses. M., 2000, pp. 126 −127
- ↑ La crescita italiana ha un vecchio nemico: la burocrazia | Linkiesta.it Unsolved . The date of circulation is March 9, 2013. Archived March 24, 2013.
Literature
- Carlo Galeotti, Saluto al Duce! , Gremese, 2001
- Carlo Galeotti, Credere obbedire combattere , Stampa alternativa, 1996
- Luca Goldoni - Enzo Sermasi, Fiero l'occhio svelto il passo , Mondadori, 1979
- Giorgio Vecchiato, Con romana volontà , Marsilio, 2005