Amrita Pritam ( W. Panj. ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਾ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ ; August 31, 1919 - October 31, 2005 ) is an Indian writer and poetess of Punjabi origin. It is considered the first world-famous woman to write in the Punjabi language , and one of the leading Punjabi-speaking writers of the 20th century. Over the course of her creative career spanning more than six decades, she has written over 100 books, including collections of poetry, novels, biographies, essays, collections of folk Punjabi and autobiography, which have been translated into several Indian and foreign languages [1] .
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She was born in the territory of modern Pakistan in the family of a school teacher, who was also the editor of a literary and art magazine. Her mother died when she was 11 years old. Soon after, she moved with her father to Lahore , where she remained until 1947, when, after the partition of British India, she moved to the Indian Union. She began to write at an early age, the first collection of her poems was published back in 1936. Despite emigrating, she remains a famous and popular poet in modern Pakistan.
Most of all, Pritam is known for her poem-elegy, "Ode to Varis Shah," dedicated to the Punjabi poet of the 18th century, in which she expresses her pain due to conflicts that occurred after the partition of British India. Of her prose works, the most famous novel is Skeleton (1950), which raises the themes of violence against women, the loss of humanity and surrender to fate, according to which the film “ Abducted ”, which was awarded many awards, was shot in 2003 [2] .
In 1956, she became the first woman to win the Sahiti Academy Award for her poem, Letters, [3] and in 1982 she received the Jnänpith , India's premier literary award, for her novel, Paper and Canvas. In 2004 she was awarded the Padma Vibhushan , the second most important civilian award in India [4] .
Amrita Pritam was a follower of Osho and performed tantric practices [5] .
Publications in Russian
- Amrita Pritam. Poems // Poems of Punjabi poets. - M.: Fiction, 1957.
- Amrita Pritam. Black rose / Per. S. Severtseva . - Tashkent: Publishing house of literature and art named after Gafur Gulyama, 1971.
- Amrita Pritam. Stories // Stories of Indian Writers. - M.: Fiction, 1972.
- Amrita Pritam. Secrets of hearts / Per. S. Severtseva . - Alma-Ata: Zhazushi, 1977.
- Amrita Pritam. The Only Piala: A Story // Selected Works of South Asian Writers. - M.: Fiction, 1980.
- Amrita Pritam. Resurrecting the Time: Essays // Mirror of the World: Writers of the Countries of the Foreign East on a Book, Reading, Bibliophilia. - M .: Book, 1984.
- Amrita Pritam. Poems // Indian poetry of the XX century. In two volumes. Volume 2. - M.: Fiction, 1990.
Notes
- ↑ Fakhar Zaman. Amrita Pritam: A great wordsmith in Punjab's literary history (inaccessible link) . Daily Times (November 14, 2005). Date of treatment September 7, 2014. Archived on September 14, 2014.
- ↑ Gulzar Singh Sandhu. Always Amrita, Always Pritam . The Tribune (November 5, 2005). Date of appeal September 13, 2014.
- ↑ Modern Indian Literature, An Anthology / KM George. - New Delhi: South Asia Books, 1992. - T. 1. - S. 945-947. - 1148 s. - ISBN 81-7201-324-8 .
- ↑ Anantha Murthy. Sahitya Akademi fellowship for Amrita Pritam . The Hindu (October 5, 2004). Date of appeal September 13, 2014.
- ↑ Reginald Massey. Amrita Pritam: A poet passionate about the suffering of her Punjabi people . The Guardian (November 4, 2005). Date of treatment March 4, 2013. Archived March 10, 2013.