Shamsuddin Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad at-Turkmani , better known as al-Zahabi ( 1274 , Kafr Batna, modern Syria - February 4, 1348 , Damascus ) - a famous Muslim scholar, hadith historian , historian , biographer, hafiz .
| Al-zahabi | |
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| Arab. الذهبي | |
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| Birth name | Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Usman ibn Kaymaz ibn Abdullah |
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| Religion | , and |
| Father | Ahmad ibn Usman |
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Biography
Origin
His full name: Shamsuddin Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Kaymaz ibn' Abd al-Turkmani al-Farik al-Dimashqi Shafi'i al-Dhahabi ( Arab. شمس الدين أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد بن عثمان بن قايماز بن عبد الله التركماني الفارقي ثم الدمشقي الشافعي الذهبي ) [4] .
Father of al-Zahabi, Ahmad ibn Usman at-Turkmani ( 1243 - 1297 ) was a skilled jeweler (hence his nickname al-Zahabi , that is, “golden”) and a devout person, his mother was the daughter of Alam ad-Din Sanjar (d. 1281 ) from Mosul. Al-Zahabi was born on the 3rd day of the month of Rabbi As-sani, 673 AD (1274) in the village of Arabic [ Arabic كفربطنا ) [4] near Damascus.
The early years
Al-Zahabi began to study Muslim sciences from an early age. At the age of ten, he attended classes at Sadr al-Din ibn al-Khatib in the collection of Sahih Muslim . When he was 18 years old, al-Zahabi seriously took up the study of Sharia disciplines. At first, his father, due to the fact that al-Zahabi was the only child, did not allow him to travel to other cities, but then relented and allowed him to leave the house for no more than four years. Al-Zahabi visited the sheikhs of Damascus , Rabwa, Homs , Hama , Hebron , Maarret-en-Nuuman , Aleppo , Baalbek , Tripoli (in Lebanon), Nablus , Jerusalem , Ramla , El-Karak , visited ( 1295 ) Cairo and Alexandria , in 1297 went to Hajj and visited the holy places for Muslims [5] .
Loss of vision and demise
With age, al-Zahabi began to gradually decrease vision and, according to his student al-Husayn, In 1340 , seven years before his death, he was completely blind. But some researchers were inclined to believe that al-Zahabi lost his vision later, in 1343 year.
Al-Zahabi died on the third Monday of the Hijri 748 Zul-Qad month of 1348 in Damascus and was buried in al-Bab al-Sagir cemetery. According to his student Taj ad-Din al-Subki , al-Zahabi died after midnight in the Umm al-Salih madrasah. A funeral prayer over him was performed at the Umayyd Mosque [6] .
Teachers
Imam al-Zahabi was one of the students of Ibn Taymiyyah . He is credited with the message “Bayan zagal al-ilm wa-t-talab” (“an-Nasih al-Zahabiyya”), in which he sharply criticizes Ibn Taymiyyah and writes “Ibn Taymiyyu I love very much, but I love Truth even more " [7] .
The affiliation of this work of al-Zahabi is controversial. Sheikh Bakr Abu Zayed said that such words could not come from him, and Sheikh Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Shaibani even wrote a study on this subject “at-Tawdih al-jali fi radd al-al-Nasih al-Zahabiy al-manhul ala al al Imam al-Zahabi ”, in which he proved the attribution of this book to al-Zahabi, based on some inconsistencies [8] :
- Firstly, this book is not in the lists of works of al-Zahabi.
- Secondly, al-Zahabi was an inseparable student of Ibn Taymiyy until his death, which runs counter to his renunciation of this in this message.
- Thirdly, in well-known and widespread writings, unlike "al-Nasih al-Zahabiy", al-Zahabi speaks of him only with praise.
For example, al-Zahabi spoke of Ibn Taymiyah: “Any hadith that Ibn Taymiyah does not know is not a hadith” [9] .
Bibliography
Al-Zahabi is the author of about a hundred books and studies on the subject of the science of hadith, history, and transmitters of hadith.
- Siyar a'lam an-nubala
- Tarikh al-Islam wa wafayat al-mashahir wa-l-a'lam
- Tobacco / Tazkirat Al-Huffaz
- Al-Qurra Tobacco
- Muhtasar Tahzib Al-Kamal
- al-kashif
- at-tajrid fi asma al-sahab
- al-Misan fi d'du'afa
- al-Mugni fi d'du'afa
- Talhis al-Mustadraq al-Hakim
- Muhtasar Sunan al-Bayhaki
- al-Uluwv lil-Aliy ar-Rahman
- al-arba'un fi sifat allah
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118889788 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ 1 2 Abd al-Sattar al-Sheikh, 1994 , p. 27.
- ↑ Abd al-Sattar ash-Sheikh, 1994 , p. 59.
- ↑ Abd al-Sattar ash-Sheikh, 1994 , p. 534.
- ↑ Manual for Ibn al-Taymiyyah from Imam al-Zahabi (Unavailable link) . Date of treatment February 21, 2015. Archived February 21, 2015.
- ↑ لا تصح نسبة رسالة "بيان زغل العلم والطلب" إلى الإمام الذهبي (ar.) . - IslamWeb.net .
- ↑ موقف الإمام الذهليم من شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية (ar.) . - IslamWeb.net.
Literature
- Bori, Caterina " al-Dhahabī ", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, Edited by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson.
- Abd al-Sattar al-Sheikh. Hafiz al-Zahabi . - Damascus: Dar al-Qalam, 1994.
See also
- أبو عبد الله محمد بن أحمد الذهبى (ar) - Al-Nasiha.net
- Beliefs of Imam al-Zahabi (1)
- Beliefs of Imam al-Zahabi (2) (link not available)