Strongylognathus testaceus (lat.) - a species of ants-slave owners of the genus Strongylognathus from the subfamily Myrmicinae ( Formicidae ). Central and Southern Europe , the south of Western Siberia [2] .
| Strongylognathus testaceus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Strongylognathus testaceus ant | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Strongylognathus testaceus ( Schenck , 1852 ) [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonyms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Distribution
Forest-steppe and steppe areas of the Western Palearctic , Caucasus ; east to south of Western Siberia [2] . North to England and Sweden . In Russia, the northern border of the range reaches Udmurtia [3] and Chuvashia [4] [5] .
Description
The species was first described in 1852 as part of the genus of nomad ants Eciton (due to the similarity of saber-shaped maxilla) by the German entomologist Adolph Schenck ( Adolph Schenck , 1803-1878) [2] [6] [7] .
The length is 2-4 mm. The head of females and soldiers with a deep notch at the back of the head. Mandibles saber without teeth. The body is yellowish brown to dark brown in color (males are almost black). Antennae 12-segmented (males consist of 10 segments), three-segmented mace. The stalk between the breast and the abdomen consists of two segments: the petiolus and postpetiolus (the latter is clearly separated from the abdomen), the sting is developed, pupae are naked (without cocoon). Swarming of winged sexual individuals (males and females) occurs from July to August [2] [6] [7] .
Parasitizes on earthen ants of the species Tetramorium caespitum , raiding their nests and stealing pupae from the host species. After digging, the young uterus Strongylognathus testaceus penetrates the anthill Tetramorium caespitum , where it kills the host uterus (the “royal coup”) and instead begins to lay eggs. Gradually, the old family composition is replaced by a new parasitic species of ant-slave owners [2] [6] [7] [8] .
Castes
Worker
Worker's head
Side worker
Worker on top
Worker's head
Side worker
Worker on top
Uterus
Uterus head
Uterus on the side
Uterus on top
Male
Male head
Male side
Wing
Wing
Male on top
Notes
- ↑ Schenck, CF 1852. Beschreibung nassauischer Ameisenarten. Jahrb. Ver. Naturkd. Herzogthum Nassau Wiesb. 8: 1-149 (page 117, worker, queen, male described)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Radchenko A. G. Ants of the genus Strongylognathus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fauna of the USSR (Russian) // Zoological Journal . - 1991 . - T. 70 , No. 6 . - S. 733-740 .
- ↑ Adakhovsky D.A. 2004. Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Udmurtia: Fauna, Distribution, and Ecology. Archived March 4, 2016. - Bulletin of the Udmurt University. Biology. 2004, No. 10, pp. 179-190.
- ↑ Chanova S.G., Zryanin V.A. 2003. Fauna of ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of some types of marshes of the Prisursky State Nature Reserve (Chuvashia). // Materials of the II International Scientific Conference “Biodiversity and the Role of Zoocenosis in Natural and Anthropogenic Ecosystems”. Dnepropetrovsk: DNU, 2003.P. 176-178.
- ↑ Krasilnikov V. A. 1987. Materials for the world-fauna of the Chuvash ASSR. Ants and forest protection / abstracts of the 8th All-Union Symposium /. Novosibirsk 1987, p. 83-86.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Sanetra, M. and R. Gusten. The socially parasitic ant genus Strongylognathus Mayr in North Africa (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (English) // Zootaxa . - 2001 . - Vol. 20. - P. 1-20.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Bolton, B. The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Constituent genera, review of smaller genera and revision of Triglyphothrix Forel (Eng.) // Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology - 1976. - Vol. 34. - P. 281-379.
- ↑ Alberto Tinaut, Francisca Ruano, & Dolores Martínez. Biology, Distribution and Taxonomic Status of the Parasitic Ants of the Iberian Peninsula (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Myrmicinae) (Eng.) // Sociobiology: Journal. - 2005 . - Vol. 46, no. 2 . - P. 1–41.
Literature
- Radchenko A.G. Ants of the genus Strongylognathus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of the fauna of the USSR (Russian) // Zoological Journal . - 1991 . - T. 70 , No. 6 . - S. 733-740 .
- Bolton, B. The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Constituent genera, review of smaller genera and revision of Triglyphothrix Forel (Eng.) // Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology - 1976. - Vol. 34. - P. 281-379.
- Sanetra, M .; Güsten, R .; Schulz, A. On the taxonomy and distribution of Italian Tetramorium species and their social parasites (Hymenoptera Formicidae) (Eng.) // Mem. Soc. Entomol. Ital .. - 1999 . - Vol. 77. - P. 317-357.
Links
- Strongylognathus afer (English) . faunaeur.org. Date of treatment February 7, 2013. Archived February 14, 2013.
- Strongylognathus afer (English) . biolib.cz. Date of treatment February 7, 2013.