Engineering composites - composites consisting of a matrix and reinforcing elements in the form of fibers or particles.
Description
The above definition is modern. Appearing in technical terminology for the first time in the middle of the XIX century . in connection with the construction of high-speed sailing ships - clippers, this term refers to a combination of an iron truss and boards covering it. Currently, this is a very wide class of materials with a polymer, metal, intermetallic or ceramic matrix. The main feature of composites containing fibers is their non-fragile behavior, even when their main ingredients are characterized by low impact strength. Unlike metal alloys, the crack resistance of which is determined by plastic flow, the crack resistance of composites is determined by the formation of multiple microcracks in the matrix, fiber, and at the interface. This makes it possible to use high-modulus elements with potentially high strength (boron, carbon in various forms) and covalent and ionic bonds as the main components of structural materials. A typical example of structural composites is carbon fiber .
Literature
- Bedanokov A. Yu. Polymer nanocomposites: current state of the issue // First International Forum on Nanotechnologies 2008. State Corporation Russian Corporation of Nanotechnologies, 2008. - newrusnano.explosion.ru/sadm_files/disk/Docs/2/43/43 (26). pdf (accessed date: July 26, 2010).
- A. Kelly, An introduction to composite materials, in Concise Encyclopedia of Composite Materials / Ed. by A. Kelly. Elsevier Science, 1994.378 p.