Extraordinary presidential elections in Kazakhstan were held on January 10, 1999. By an overwhelming majority of votes (over 80%), N. A. Nazarbayev was re-elected President , S. A. Abdildin received 13% of the vote, G. Kasymov - 4%, and E. Gabbasov - less than 1%. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]
← 1991  2005 → | |||
| Election of the President of Kazakhstan | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| January 10, 1999 | |||
 |  | ||
| Candidate | N.A. Nazarbayev | Serikbolsyn Abdildin | |
| The consignment | Communist Party of Kazakhstan | ||
| Votes | 5,846,817 (81.00%) | 857,386 (11.90%) | |
| Election result | N. Nazarbayev won, remained the president of Kazakhstan | ||
Content
History
According to the results of the 1995 referendum, the powers of the current head of state - Nursultan Nazarbayev - expired on December 1, 2000. At this point, the next presidential election was to be held [7] .
On October 7, 1998, the Mazhilis of the Parliament called for early presidential elections. To implement this initiative, the President of Kazakhstan introduced amendments to the Constitution , which were adopted by Parliament. 19 amendments were made to 13 articles of the Constitution. As part of the amendments, the upper age limit for occupying the office of the President was removed, and the lower limit was increased from 35 to 40 years, the term of office of the President was increased from five to seven years, the order of succession of power was clarified in the event of early dismissal of the President or his death. At the same time, the concept of early elections was excluded [8] .
On October 8, 1998, Nursultan Nazarbayev agreed to shorten his term of office and call early elections for January 10, 1999 [9] .
Former Prime Minister of Kazakhstan Akezhan Kazhegeldin was not allowed to participate in the elections - on October 15, 1998 he was found guilty of a minor administrative offense [10] , which automatically deprived him of the opportunity to run as a candidate in the elections. Later Kazhegeldin was accused of corruption and left Kazakhstan.
Changes in the constitution of Kazakhstan and early presidential elections were motivated by the deterioration of the economic and political situation in Russia after the " default of August 17 " and fears that what is happening in Russia will adversely affect the economy and political stability of Kazakhstan [11] . On April 3, 1999, two and a half months after the election, the Government of Kazakhstan adopted the Resolution “On the policy of the national currency exchange rate” [12] , the exchange rate of the tenge (the currency of the Republic of Kazakhstan) became “free floating” and the tenge devalued (only in April 1999 - by 30%). Nursultan Nazarbayev, in his book Kazakhstani Way in the 1998 Economic Crisis chapter, acknowledges that preparations for the devaluation of the tenge began as early as September 1998 [13] .
Results
| Candidate | The consignment | Vote | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nursultan Nazarbaev | independent | 5 846 817 | 81 |
| Serikbolsyn Abdildin | Communist Party of Kazakhstan | 857 386 | 11.9 |
| Gani Kasymov | independent | 337 794 | 4.7 |
| Engels Gabbasov | Party of National Unity of Kazakhstan | 55,708 | 0.8 |
| Against all | 123,703 | 1,2 | |
| Invalid / Empty Newsletters | 107 562 | - | |
| Total | 7 328 970 | 100 | |
| Source: Nohlen et al. | |||
Ratings and reaction
The OSCE refused to send observers to the 1999 presidential election, after discovering many violations by Kazakhstan of its commitments to the election procedure and practice, including due to the removal of possible candidates from the administrative offenses and the partiality of the media [14] .
After the 1999 election ended, Serikbolsyn Abdildin stated multiple violations during the election and the vote count. He argued that election commissions impeded the activities of election observers and the rigging of voting results in favor of Nursultan Nazarbayev [15] .
Notes
- ↑ 12.4 Amendments to the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the 1999 elections. - History of the state and law of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Download free Kazakhstani textbooks . Date of treatment January 22, 2013. Archived on February 5, 2013.
- ↑ On January 10, Kazakhstan held an extraordinary presidential election . Date of treatment January 22, 2013. Archived on February 5, 2013.
- ↑ Election of the President and Parliament of 1999 | History of Kazakhstan. Development and formation . Date of treatment January 22, 2013. Archived on February 7, 2013.
- ↑ From referendum to referendum: a chronicle of the presidential election in Kazakhstan - | Nomad . Date of treatment January 22, 2013. Archived on February 5, 2013.
- ↑ What to expect from the presidential election in Kazakhstan? . Date of treatment January 21, 2013. Archived March 15, 2013.
- ↑ Election History . Date of treatment January 22, 2013. Archived on February 5, 2013.
- ↑ Chernykh, I. A. Presidential elections in the Republic of Kazakhstan: a retrospective of 1991—2015 // Kazakhstan: Spectrum: scientific journal. - 2015. - T. 71, No. 1. - S. 24-25.
- ↑ Kurtov, A. Democracy of Elections in Kazakhstan: Authoritarian Evolution // Constitutional Law: East European Review. - 2000. - T. 31, No. 2. - S. 2-10.
- ↑ Chronicle of the activities of the President of Kazakhstan for 1998-1999. akorda.kz
- ↑ Excerpts from the Judgment of the Medeu District Court of Almaty of October 15, 1998 - Eurasia.org.ru
- ↑ Borisova E. Institute of the Presidency in Kazakhstan - Collection “Ethnic Nationalism and State Building” edited by Aleksandrov Yu. V. - M.: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2001 - p. 410-430
- ↑ Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated October 17, 2000 No. 1547 “On Certain Issues of the State Accumulative Pension Fund Closed Joint-Stock Company” - Kazakhstan Legal Portal
- ↑ Nazarbayev N. “The Kazakhstani Way”, chapter “1998 Economic Crisis” - Book Official Site
- ↑ Report of the OSCE Evaluation Mission on the presidential election in the Republic of Kazakhstan - Eurasia.org.ru
- ↑ Serikbolsyn Abdildin: Elections cannot be considered valid - Eurasia.org.ru
Links
- Small nuances of domestic elections
- The history of the development of parliamentarism in Kazakhstan
- Election history
- Olcott, Martha Brill. Kazakhstan: Unfulfilled Promise. - Washington, DC : Carnegie Endowment for International Peace , 2002. - ISBN 0-87003-188-0 .
- OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) The Republic of Kazakstan Presidential Election, 10 January 1999 - Assessment Mission (PDF). Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (February 5, 1999). Date of treatment June 24, 2008. Archived June 6, 2011.