Denisovo (Klin city district)

It is located in the north-west of the Moscow region, 69 km from the Moscow Ring Road and 89 km from the center of Moscow (in a straight line). It is located in the southern part of the Klinsky district ^[3] , 30 km from the city of Klina , on the left slope of the Nudol River valley in its upper reaches. The nearest settlements are the villages of the Vysokoye holiday home and Narynka , as well as the villages of Semenkovo and Sharino .

The territory is located in a zone of temperate continental climate with cold winters and moderately warm summers. Climatic characteristics are given according to the results of many years of observations at the nearest weather stations Klin and Novo-Jerusalem ^[4] .

Air temperature

The dates of a stable transition of the average daily air temperature through 0 ° C in autumn and spring (beginning and end of winter) are November 3 and April 6. Dates of transition through 5 ° C (the beginning and end of the growing season of cold - resistant plants and winter crops ) are April 20 and October 10, transition through 10 ° C (the beginning and end of active vegetation for most crops) is May 10 and September 14. The period with a temperature above 15 ° (the warmest part of the summer, the duration of which determines the successful cultivation of heat-loving crops) is from June 15 to August 19 and averages over 66 years over many years.

The average annual air temperature over a multi-year period is 3.3 ° C. The coldest month is January with an average monthly air temperature of minus 10.5 ° C. The warmest month is July, with an average temperature of 17.2 ° C.

Values ​​of air temperatures and dates of their occurrence in some years may differ from long-term average. So, the absolute maximum of air temperature in July was 37 ° C, the absolute minimum in January was minus 52 ° C.

Freezing Depth

The greatest depth of freezing of the soil from the maximum during the winter was 145 cm, the average of the maximum - 73 cm, the smallest - 35 cm. The average date of complete thawing of the soil is April 24, the earliest is April 9, the latest is May 20.

Wind

In autumn and winter, southeast and southwest winds prevail. In the warm season, due to the increased meridional circulation of the atmosphere , the frequency of the winds of the western points increases. The average annual wind speed is 3.8 m / s. The highest wind speed is observed in winter and early spring, the lowest - in summer. In the diurnal course of wind speed, the following regularity is observed: the highest speed occurs in the daytime, especially in the warm season, when convection is well developed, and the smallest (to calm) in night and early morning hours.

Precipitation

The average long-term amount of precipitation is about 750 mm per year. About 60% is the amount of precipitation during the warm period (from April to October), with a maximum in June. The least amount of precipitation is observed in February - April.

Snow Cover

The formation of stable snow cover occurs in the third decade of November; its descent occurs in the second decade of April. The average long-term snow depth is 30 cm, the largest is 52 cm, and the smallest is 14 cm.

The soil cover is represented by sod-medium and slightly podzolic soils . The mechanical composition is dominated by loamy and heavy loamy soils .

In the area of ​​the village mixed (coniferous-deciduous) forests grow . Of the deciduous species , birch and aspen prevail, in low areas alder. Of the broad-leaved (oak, maple), there are only single growing trees. Pine grows in the same way. Of conifers, spruce dominates. There is a significant amount of dead wood. There are many small forests and bushes in the forests. Often there are deadwood and windbreak , which makes it difficult to move through the forest and determines its groomed.

The territory is located in the part of the Klinsko-Dmitrov ridge , passing into the eastern zone of the Smolensk-Moscow Upland . The terrain is hilly-erosive, the average height varies around 200 m abs.

The ravines typical for the area, developed on the slopes of the Nudol River Valley, are widespread, a result of the activity of snow and rain water.

There are four water bodies in the village.

A ravine stretched along the western border with dynamically developing sloping erosion , manifested in the growth of ravine screwdrivers (branches) and adversely affecting the conservation of useful lands. Along the ravine channel, in addition to the melt and rainwater runoff, sewage is discharged from the treatment facilities of the Narynka village. The water intake of the ravine is the Nudol River.

A stream of spring origin flows from the eastern side, also flowing into the Nudol River.

In the middle of the village there is a digging pond (pond), created by local residents for fire-fighting purposes.

The toponym “Denisovo” was formed according to the general rules for the formation of toponyms of the Moscow Region from the male personal name “Denis”, the founder of the village, using the suffix “s” with the typical ending “o” and emphasizes the ancient origin of the village.

Since the 18th century, the history of the village of Denisovo has been associated with the Klinsky district of Moscow province . So, in the middle of the 19th century, 10 years before the abolition of serfdom in the Russian Empire, the Index of Villages and Residents of the Moscow Province ^[5] , compiled according to official information and documents by Karl Nistrem, in the chapter on Klinsky Uyezd, states that “Denisovo , the village of the first camp, Yuniy Vasily Alexandrovich, an official of the 5th grade , peasants 46 souls, m. 46 women, 15 yards, 85 miles from the capital, 30 from the county. mountains., near the Zvenigorod tract . ” For comparison, in 1852, there were 11 yards in Skrypyna village and 49 inhabitants, Semenkovo ​​- 9 yards and 98 inhabitants, the village of Spass na Nudoli - 121 inhabitants (the number of yards is not specified), Sharino village - 14 yards and 61 residents, Vysokoe - 10 yards and 30 inhabitants lived.

Half a century later, by 1911, the administrative division of Klinsky Uyezd had changed, it consisted of 15 volosts, and the village of Denisovo, as part of one of them, Spas-Nudolskaya, was considered a peasant settlement (“populated areas of the Moscow province. Appendix to the Memorial Book of the Moscow Province for the year 1912 ” ^[6] ).

The chapter devoted to settlements of the Klinsky district indicates that the village of Denisovo is located at a distance of 30 versts, from the volost government - 1 verst, from the nearest station Rumyantsevo of the Moscow-Vindavskaya railway 17 versts, has 15 yards, and it contains Richter's estate.

For comparison, in 1911 in the village of Skripyashchevo (29 versts from the Sunflower station of the Nikolaev railway ) there were 34 yards; Semenkovo ​​(Big and Small) - 41 yards; from. Spas-Nudol - 16 courtyards, 1-class private Morozov school, a state-owned wine shop, 2 tea shops, a credit partnership, an apartment of a police officer, Shcherbakov's estate; Sharino village - 17 yards, rural municipality, tea and small shops. Seltso Vysokoe was not among the peasant settlements, but was the estate of the Volkovs.

The small distance from Moscow, the developed infrastructure (proximity to the Volokolamsk and Zvenigorod tracts, the Moscow-Vindavskaya and Nikolaev railways), the availability of water resources (the Nudol River) and free labor caused the opening in 1912 by the industrialist Vasily Maksimovich Shcherbakov of the Spas-Nudolsky manufactory with the number of workers is 220 people.

Even greater changes brought the Soviet government. In 1918, the volost governing bodies were liquidated, village councils were created in their place, and Denisovo became part of the Semenkovsky village council of the Novo-Petrovsky volost of the Ruzsky district, and from 1921 - the Resurrection district. In the village of Spas-Nudol on the basis of the former Morozov school, an elementary school was opened, subsequently, in 1935, transformed into a secondary school with a ten-year term of study. In 1929, as a result of the administrative-territorial division of the RSFSR, the settlements of the Semenkovsky village council became part of the Novo-Petrovsky district of the Moscow region .

By the beginning of the 1950s, the “Pamyat Ilyich” agricultural artel had developed dairy farming and crop production . Grain crops (oats, wheat) and vegetables (potatoes, cabbage) were grown on its fields. In the same period, the village of Denisovo was electrified.

In 1952, the settlements of the Semenkovsky Village Council, and Denisovo among them, became part of the Nudolsky Village Council, and the agricultural cartel was transformed into a collective farm named after V. M. Molotov, and since 1958 - the collective farm “For Peace”. In the late 1950s, 2 km from the village, a road was built for the military transport needs of the Moscow air defense system - now the Moscow Big Ring (A108).

In 1959, during the administrative-territorial transformations of the Moscow Region, the Novo-Petrovsky District was abolished, and the village of Denisovo, as part of the Nudolsky Village Council, was transferred to the Ruzsky District , and in 1960 to Istra .

The transformation was also affected by the collective farm, whose lands began to belong to the Druzhba state farm since 1961, and the Nudolsky state farm since 1963.

In 1962, in order to protect wooden buildings from fire, a fire pond was dug up in the village, the creation of which was organized by a forester, deputy of the Nudolsky village council, front-line soldier Afanasy Grigorevich Grinchevsky.

And the administrative-territorial transformations continued: in 1963, the Nudolsky village council and the village of Denisovo in its composition moved to the Solnechnogorsk district .

And only in 1965, after 47 years, they returned to the Klinsky district .

The 1960s marked the mass departure of young people to secondary technical and higher educational institutions. After graduating from the Nudol High School , which provided a good education, the village youth chose the areas of activity of state significance: hydrology , and meteorology , engineering , and economics .

In the 1990s, the situation began to change. On the former state farm lands near Denisovo there are garden partnerships Lesnaya Polyana and Rainbow, which later became gardening non-profit partnerships .

In 1997, during the next administrative-territorial transformations, the village became part of the Narynkovsky rural district, in 2005, it returned to the Nudolsky rural settlement.

In the first decade of the 21st century, the Denisovo village also developed: the number of houses increased to 36, gas supply was provided to the settlement, and the construction of dirt roads began.