Phenmetrazine (prelude, PAL-592) is a stimulant drug of the morpholine class. In the past it was used as a drug for suppressing appetite , but then it was withdrawn from sale. Initially, it was replaced by an analogue, fendimethrazine , which acts as a prodrug of phenmetrazine , but at present, the drug is rarely prescribed due to fears of abuse and dependence.
| Phenmetrazine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chemical compound | |
| IUPAC | 3-methyl-2-phenylmorpholine |
| Gross formula | C 11 H 15 NO |
| Cas | |
| PubChem | |
| Drugbank | |
| Classification | |
| Farmakol. Group | Appetite regulators |
| ATX | |
| Pharmacokinetics | |
| The half-life. | 8 ocloc'k |
| Excretion | the kidneys |
| Dosage Forms | |
| tablets 25 mg, 50 mg, 75 mg | |
| Route of administration | |
| orally, intravenously | |
| Other names | |
| Preludin, Gracidin, Mefolin, Adinoside, Anorex, Dekfenmetrazin | |
Content
History
Phenmetrazine was first patented in Germany in 1952 by Boehringer Ingelheim [1] [2] with some pharmacological data published in 1954 [3] . The drug was the result of a search for Tome and Vic to find an appetite suppressant without the side effects of amphetamines [4] . Phenmetrazine was introduced into clinical practice in 1954 in Europe [5] .
Medical Use
Phenmetrazine does not cause such strong excitement, euphoria and insomnia , as drugs of the amphetamine class [6] . Nor does it cause such an increase in heart rate. Due to the relative absence of side effects, one study showed that it is well tolerated by children [4] . In a study of the efficacy of weight loss between phenmetrazine and dextroamphetamine , phenmetrazine was found to be slightly more effective [7] .
Recreational Use
Phenmetrazine has been used for recreational purposes in many countries.
The drug was used by the rock band The Beatles at the beginning of their career. Paul McCartney is one of the famous consumers of this medicine for recreational purposes [8] .
Legal Status
Phenmetrazine was classified as a drug in Sweden in 1959 , and was completely withdrawn from the market in 1965 .
In Russia, the drug is included in list II of psychotropic substances .
Notes
- ↑ Albert Boehringer; Ernst Boehringer. Improvements in or relating to the preparation of substituted morpholines. GB773780.
- ↑ US Patent 2835669 - Process for the Production of Substituted Morpholines
- ↑ Thomä, O and Wick, H. Über einige Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine mit sympathicomimetischen Eigenschaften (German) // Arch. Exp. Path Pharm: magazin. - 1954. - Bd. 222 . - S. 540 .
- ↑ 1 2 Martel, Antonio. Preludin (Phenmetrazine) in the Treatment of Obesity (English) // Can. Med. Assoc. J. : journal. - 1957. - Vol. 76 , no. 2 . - P. 117-120 . - PMID 13383418 .
- ↑ Kalant, Oriana Josseau. The Amphetamines: Toxicity and Addiction. - 1966. - ISBN 0-398-02511-8 .
- ↑ Phenmetrazine Hydrochloride (Eng.) // J. Am. Med. Assoc. : journal. - 1957. - Vol. 163 , no. 5 . - P. 357 .
- ↑ Hampson, J; Loraine, JA; Strong, JA Phenmetrazine and Dexamphetamine in the Management of Obesity // The Lancet : journal. - Elsevier , 1960. - Vol. 275 , no. 7137 . - P. 1265-1267 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (60) 92250-9 . - PMID 14399386 .
- ↑ Davies, Hunter. The Beatles: The Authorized Biography. - 1968. - P. 78. - ISBN 0-07-015457-0 .