Egolin, Alexander Mikhailovich

Born in a working class family. He began his pedagogical activity in 1914 as a teacher of an elementary zemstvo school in the Nizhny Novgorod province . He graduated from the Faculty of Literature of the Nizhny Novgorod Teachers' Institute (1918), worked as a teacher at the second-level school, then served in the city department of public education of Ardatov . Since 1922 - Inspector of the Department of Public Education in Nizhny Novgorod . Member of the RCP (b) (1925). In 1925 - 1929 he worked as an inspector of the People's Commissariat of Education , from 1929 he was in charge of the workers' faculty of them. V.I. Lenin. He graduated from the Institute of Red Professors in Moscow (1933).

In 1933 - 1938 - teacher, head of the educational section of the ICP. Head of the department (1935-1941) and dean (1937-1940) of the philological faculty MIFLI im. N. G. Chernyshevsky . Head of the Department of the History of Russian Literature, Faculty of Philology, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov (1941-1951), professor of the Academy of Sciences at the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (CPSU) (1946-1953). Member of the Union of Writers of the USSR since 1940.

Member of the Moscow Council of Deputies of Workers (1939-1947). Since 1940 he worked in the Propaganda and Agitation Directorate of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks : deputy head (1942-1946), head of the press department (1942-1947). In August 1946, by a resolution of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (B), he was appointed editor-in-chief of the Zvezda magazine to correct the ideological "mistakes" of the previous edition (manifested, in particular, in the publications of the works of A. A. Akhmatova and M. M. Zoshchenko ) ^{[1 ]} . He held this post until 1947 .

Director IMLI them. A. M. Gorky, USSR Academy of Sciences (1948-1952), senior researcher (1952-1954), head of the institute's sector (1954-1955). Deputy Academic Secretary for Human Resources (1948-1953), member of the Bureau (1953-1955) of the Department of Literature and Language of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

In 1955 , along with several party ideologists, he became a defendant in a sexual scandal (“the affairs of gladiators ”) ^[2] . In recent years, he worked as a senior researcher at IRLI , taught at the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute. V.I. Lenin .

Yegolin passed away without making a noticeable contribution to science and leaving an unkind memory behind the persecution of Soviet writers for dissent. After his death, Korney Chukovsky wrote in his diary: “Egolin died - a complete scoundrel, a sneak and, at the same time, a mediocre fool. While in leadership positions in the Central Committee, he, taking advantage of his official position, climbed into the editors of Chekhov , Ushinsky, Nekrasov - and this sinecure gave him a lot of money - editing (nominally!) Chekhov, he earned more on his writings than he earned on them Chekhov. He pursued me with the stubbornness of an idiot. He accompanied Zhdanov during his shameful campaign against Akhmatova and Zoshchenko - and acted in St. Petersburg as the younger executioner - and I didn’t understand all this at once, I even imagined something good-natured in him, only two years ago I realized that he was hopeless bastard. His “works” about Nekrasov would be mean if they weren’t so vulgar and stupid. It is strange that I understood this only very recently, when he came to me with repentance , saying that he only now appreciated my “works and merits” ”(entry dated May 8, 1959) ^[3] .

• "Nekrasov - the poet of peasant democracy" (1935)
• "The Great People's Poet" // " Bulletin of the USSR Academy of Sciences ", 1937, No. 2-3
• "BUT. I. Herzen "(1940)
• “Nekrasov: A Critical Biographical Essay” (1941; 2nd ed. 1950)
• “Pushkin: collection of articles” (1941, editor)
• The Greatness of Russian Literature (1943)
• Nekrasov in Russian Criticism (1944, compiled)
• “Liberation and Patriotic Ideas of Russian Literature of the 19th Century.” (1946)
• "BUT. S. Pushkin - the great Russian poet "(1949)
• “Gorky and Russian literature” (1949)
• "Nekrasov and the Democratic Poets of the 1860-1880s" (1960; see)
• "N. A. Nekrasov." (1941) Goslitizdat.

Editor-compiler of the collection "Russian Writers on Prussianism" (1943, jointly with A. S. Myasnikov and N. L. Rubinstein ). Editor-in-chief of the series Gorky Readings (1947-1959) and Literary Heritage (1948-1954), member of the editorial boards of the History of Russian Literature (vols. 1-10, 1941-1956), collected works by K. D. Ushinsky ( vols. 1–11, 1948–1952) and the Complete Works of N. A. Nekrasov (vols. 1–12, 1948–1953).

• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (06/10/1945)
• Order of the Red Star (1944)
• Order of the Crown of Romania (1947)
• medals
• Honorary Member of the Romanian Academy of Sciences (1945)
• In 1951, as part of the editorial team of the Literary Heritage Editorial Board , he was awarded the V. G. Belinsky Academic Prize for the preparation of a three-volume edition dedicated to V. G. Belinsky (v. 55-57) ^[4] .

• Egolin, Alexander Mikhailovich // Brief Literary Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. A.A. Surkov . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1962-1978.
• Profile of Alexander Mikhailovich Egolin on the official website of the RAS
• Biography in the Handbook of the History of the CPSU
• An article on the almanac website “Russia. XX century "
• An article on the Chronicle of Moscow University website
• Historical background on the website of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Obituary
• Mann Yu. V. Philological memoirs // " Questions of literature ", 2010, No. 1
• Ogryzko V. V. A lover of brothels // Literary Russia , 2011, No. 35