STS ( eng. S pecial t reatment s teel ) - American structural homogeneous steel. The name translates as "steel special treatment." According to the American classification, with a thickness of more than four inches (102 mm) it was designated as “Class B armor” [1] [approx. 1] and was used for booking the gun turrets of ships.
It was used as structural steel in the construction of ships and for easy booking (of small thickness) - as material for armor decks , splinter bulkheads, protection of superstructures. It was the main material for the manufacture of armored decks, so the designation Protective Deck Plate also occurs.
The development of steel began around 1909 by Carnegie Steel [1] and completed in 1910 [2] . Created as a homogeneous (uniform in thickness, that is, without surface hardening) ship armor. At first, chromium , nickel and vanadium were part of the alloying additives , but later they refused to use vanadium. In terms of chemical composition, it practically did not differ from class A armor: about 0.3% carbon, 3.85% nickel, and 1.85% chromium [1] . Unlike some similar steels, such as Krupp Ww, the STS did not contain molybdenum .
In comparison with other types of homogeneous armor, it was very plastic, so despite the high cost, the United States Bureau of Construction and Repair was chosen as structural steel. According to its characteristics, it was so successful that it was used without changes during World War II [3] .
Comparative characteristics of some types of light homogeneous armor during the Second World War: [4]
| A country | USA | Germany | Germany | Italy | England | Japan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Armor type | Sts | Wsh | Ww | Poncv | Post-1930 NCA | CNC |
| Manufacturing companies | Carnegie | Krupp | Krupp | Terni | All firms | All firms |
| Production period, years | 1910–1960 | 1925-1945 | 1925-1945 | 1929-1943 | 1926-1946 | 1931-1945 |
| Strength , kg / mm² | 77.4—87.9 | 90.0—99.8 | 64.7–82.3 | 80.2 | 84.4 | 77.3—85.8 |
| Yield strength , kg / mm² | 52.7—59.8 | 64.7 | 57,8 | 63.0 | 59.8 | 59.8 |
| Relative extension | 25% | sixteen % | 22% | 17.10% | 25% | 22% |
| Relative compression | 68% | 53% | 65% | 56% | 60% | 58% |
| Brinell hardness , HBW | 200-240 | 250-280 | 180 | 225 | 225 | 225 |
Content
See also
- Shipboard armor
Notes
- ↑ According to the Second World War Battleships, p. 237, Class B armor was somewhat different in composition - contained molybdenum and vanadium, but was very similar in characteristics to STS
References and sources
- ↑ 1 2 3 NAVAL ORDNANCE AND GUNNERY 1937. CHAPTER XII. ARMOR. CLASS B ARMOR. Date of treatment is January 16, 2013.
- ↑ Battleships of the Second World War, 2005 , p. 237.
- ↑ Battleships of the Second World War, 2005 , p. 235-237.
- ↑ Battleships of the Second World War, 2005 , p. 235.
Literature
- Balakin S. A., Dashyan A. V., Patyanin S. V., and others. The Second World War battleships. - M. , 2005. - ISBN 5-699-13053-3 .