Estrikland ( Swede. Gästrikland ) - a historical province (landskap) in the central part of Sweden , the southernmost in the historical region of Norland . Basically, the territory of the province is the southern part of the Yevleborg Lena, however small areas belong to the Uppsala Lena.
| Historical province of Sweden | |||
Landskap Estrikland | |||
| |||
| Region | Norland | ||
| Lena | Uppsala Gavleborg | ||
| Square | 4,181 km² | ||
| Symbols of the province | |||
Plant | May lily of the valley [1] | ||
Animal | Capercaillie | ||
Bird | Black-throated loon | ||
A fish | Herring | ||
It borders with the provinces of Uppland , Westmanland , Dalarna and Helsingland , in the east it is washed by the Gulf of Bothnia .
Content
Geography
- The relief of Oestricland has slight elevations. There are arable lands in the south and east, but forest landscapes dominate to a large extent, especially in the west and north of this landskap. The territories of Oestrikland are very rich in lakes and rivers, bays and tributaries - it has very large water areas: in total 1/10 of the total territory. The largest lake has an area of 72 km².
- The highest point of the landscape is 402 m above sea level. It is in the northwestern part - called as "Lustiknop" ( Swede. Lustigknopp ). Separate provinces Estrikland, Helsingland and Dalarna are associated with this mountain.
- Estrikland is called the "gateway to Norland " from ancient times, when the north was sparsely populated, little known; covered with forests, mountains and lakes. But the main territories of this landskap are represented from flat areas in the south and east, mixed with fertile agricultural areas. The northern and western reliefs seem more hilly, wooded and unsuitable for cultivation. Famous national park - Farnebofjorden (Swedish. Färnebofjärden).
History
- The mining industry of Estrikland has been known since the 5th century AD. Now about 6,500 people work in the production of iron and other metals.
- Estrikland is mentioned in historical sources in 1253 and was then called "Hestriclandia" ( Swede. Gestrikalandia ). He is mentioned by Eric Chronicles in 1247 as “Gestrikland” ( Swede Gästrikland ). In 1314 it is indicated as a region ( Swedish. Hundare - one hundred) with church parishes. Until the XV century. - Added territories of nine church parishes.
- After the 16th century Estrikland is undergoing formation in accordance with church structures - parishes : in the west of the landskap - 5 (during 1797 - 1911 ), in the eastern part - 7 (during 1622 - 1943 ). With its own jurisdiction, Gavle - since 1943 .
Population
The population of Oestricland is 148 714 (statistics for 2011) [2] .
The population density of the territory is only 35.6 people / km ².
CEV - UTC + 1 ( Daylight Saving Time - UTC + 2 ).
Symbols
The provincial flower symbol is lily of the valley , and the animal symbol is the capercaillie , the bird symbol is the black-throated loon , the fish symbol is the Atlantic herring . The heraldic motto of the province of Estrikland is “The Iron Kingdom” ( Swede Järnriket ).
Gallery
River Daleven Estriklanda
one of the many lakes of Estricland
Oestricland landscape on the territory of Glebleb
See also
- Administrative division of Sweden
- Swedish provinces
- Regions of Sweden
- Flax (administrative unit)
Notes
- ↑ Svenska landskapsblommor : [ arch. 09/29/2017 ]: [ Swede. ] . - Naturhistoriska riksmuseet , 1996 .-- 10 september. - Date of appeal: 04.04.2018.
- ↑ Folkmängd i landskapen den 31 December 2011 ". Statistiska centralbyrån. Läst November 21, 2012. (Swedish)
Links
- Lyssna till några av Gästriklands dialekter (Swedish)
- Teori om landskapsnamnet Gästriklands härstamning (Swedish)
- Tourist portal Єstraklandu (Swedish)