Neil Valerianovich Fomin (1889-1918) - a Russian politician at the beginning of the 20th century, a revolutionary revolutionary, a cooperative activist, and a deputy of the Constituent Assembly .
| Neil Valerianovich Fomin | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 1889 |
| Place of Birth | Krasnoufimsk , Perm province Russian empire |
| Date of death | December 23, 1918 |
| Place of death | Omsk |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | revolutionary, cooperator, deputy of the Constituent Assembly. |
| The consignment | PSR |
| Main ideas | socialism , cooperation |
Content
Biography
Born in the city of Krasnoufimsk, Perm province, in the family of a craftsman. He studied at St. Petersburg University. Participated in the cooperative movement. In 1910 he was arrested for transporting illegal Social Revolutionary revolutionary literature, in 1911 he was exiled to Siberia.
In 1917, the SR-centrist authorized by the Provisional Siberian Government in the Far East, in Irkutsk. Member of the Pre-Parliament . Elected as a deputy of the Constituent Assembly from the Yenisei District according to list No. 3 - (Socialist-Revolutionaries). In Petrograd, he was one of the organizers of fighting squads to defend the Constituent Assembly, a participant in the meeting on January 5.
In 1918 became part of Komuch . He was an employee of the Siberian Cooperation, editor of the Power of the People. Commissioner of the Siberian Provisional Government. Present in September 1918 at the Ufa State Meeting .
In Chelyabinsk, arrested by Kolchakites, sent to Omsk prison. He was released from prison during the rebellion of workers organized by the Bolsheviks on December 22, 1918 . In the evening of the same day, fulfilling the demand of the authorities, Fomin voluntarily returned to prison.
The Killing of Fomin
On the night of December 22-23, he was taken from prison by unknown officers and was found dead the next day on the banks of the Irtysh River near the city center, together with other socialist deputies of the Constituent Assembly ( I. I. Devyatov , D.P. Surguchev ). They killed him with a saber: 13 cut wounds were counted on the body, five of which were intravital. According to the initially widespread version, these killings were the result of “lynching of drunken officers”.
At the funeral, Fomin Kolchak sent his representative, condemning this murder. An extraordinary commission of inquiry was set up to investigate the incident, led by Senator A.K. Viskovaty. By order of the Supreme Ruler, the military prosecutor began an inquiry and began an investigation by the prosecutor of the Omsk District Court [1] .
During interrogations held by the Bolsheviks, Kolchak denied that he knew anything about the killers of members of the constituent assembly. However, according to a reference from the prosecutor of the Omsk court of justice, Lieutenant F. Bartashevsky took Fomin from prison “based on the personal order of the supreme ruler.” Bartashevsky, when he visited the prison, was accompanied by a certain lieutenant Cherchenko, who was in Kolchak's personal convoy. Initially, Bartashevsky wanted to pick up the other three prisoners, but since two were already taken and killed during the escort, and the third was ill with typhus, the lieutenant personally selected eight members of the constituent assembly, including Fomin. They were taken to a military court, but it was closed. Then Bartashevsky joined the group of five more, already convicted by the court, of which only three were sentenced to death, and drove everyone naked for Irtysh. Here Bartashevsky carried out the “sentence”, all 13 people were chopped up with sabers, punctured with bayonets and shot. According to the official "Act of Inspecting the Corpse of a Citizen of the Board Member of Zakupsbyt" Neil Valerianovich Fomin, he was stabbed 13 times, including with a saber, 5 of which were his lifetime. The bodies of the dead were thrown at the place of execution. When Fomin’s wife, after a long search, found the body of her husband, she couldn’t pick him up for a long time due to the bureaucratic delays of the Kolchak authorities [2] [3] .
Bartashevsky and some other direct killers were brought to trial, but very soon they were released and they took refuge in the Annenkov detachment.
Fomin Assassination Assessment
E. E. Kolosov - public figure, member of the Constituent Assembly, historian:
The Omsk killings in December 1918, in particular the death of N. V. Fomin, laid the line between the Kolchak government and all any progressive social elements, not to mention the revolutionary milieu. Even those representatives of moderate democracy who considered Kolchak a little more than “Russian Washington” felt embarrassed [4] .
Notes
- ↑ Zyryanov P.N. Admiral Kolchak, supreme ruler of Russia. - 4th ed. - M.: Mol. Guard, 2012. - S. 419. - 637 [3] p. - (The life of wonderful people ; issue 1356). - ISBN 978-5-235-03375-7 , pp. 304-436
- ↑ Evgeny Kolosov Essay on the second. How it was? (Massacres under Kolchak in December 1918 in Omsk and the death of N. V. Fomin)
- ↑ Heinrich Joffe. The end of the founding
- ↑ Evgeny Kolosov Essay on the third. Admiral Kolchak in the fight against the peasantry
Sources
- L. G. Protasov People of the Constituent Assembly: a portrait in the interior of the era. - M., ROSSPEN , 2008.
- Evgeny Kolosov Essay on the second. How it was? (Massacres under Kolchak in December 1918 in Omsk and the death of N. V. Fomin)
- Henry Ioffe. The end of the founding