Datama ( Greek Δατάμης ; died around 362 BC. E. ) - military leader and satrap of the Persian province of Cappadocia in 385-362 years BC. er
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 Silver Datama coin. Obverse : God Baaltars on the throne, surrounded by city walls. Reverse : God Anu (nude) and Datam | ||||
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| Death | OK. 362 BC er | |||
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Biography
Datham was a Karian by birth, the son of Kamissar and the mother-skiff or the puffy [1] . His father was a satrap of Cilicia and a favorite of the Persian king Artaxerxes II . Datam, being one of the king’s bodyguards, distinguished himself in the war of Artaxerxes against the Cadusians , and was appointed satrap instead of the father who fell in this war. Here, Datam distinguished himself with both military talents and zeal in the service of the king: he led to the submission of two rulers of the provinces who organized a revolt against Artaxerxes II - Tiya , the satrap of Paphlagonia , and Aspis , the satrap of Kataonia .
As a result, Datam was appointed commander of the troops sent to Egypt, who had fallen away from the Persians . However, the intrigues of his enemies in the Persian court and the shaky situation prompted him to reject loyalty to the king (about 370 BC). With the troops under his command, he withdrew to Cappadocia, and conspired with other satraps against the central government.
Artabaz , one of the commanders who retained loyalty to the Persian king, approached Datam from Pisidia , but was completely defeated by him. The fame acquired by Datam prompted Artaxerxes II to direct all forces to subdue him. However, Avtofradat , sent against Datam with a large army, was forced to retreat with heavy losses. Datam, who triumphed over enemies in open battles, eventually fell victim to a conspiracy. After he managed to avoid several assassinations, he was killed while meeting with Mithridates , son of Ariobarzan , as if he had joined the rebellion against the king [1] .
In his epoch, Datam gained wide fame as a brave and successful commander, so he was known even among the Greeks , although he had never encountered them in campaigns. Cornelius Nepos , who wrote the only coherent presentation of Datam’s biography, called him the bravest and most talented of all non-Greek and non-Roman commanders, excluding Hamilcar and Hannibal . There is much confusion in his testimony about him and, for example, it is very difficult to find the right place in his biography for the incoherent stories told by Polian . The chronology of events given in Nepos is also very unclear. According to Nepos and Diodorus of Sicily , Dats died before Artaxerxes II, apparently around 362 BC. er He was succeeded by his son Ariamn , who ruled under the Persian kings in 362–330 BC. er like satrap Cappadocia.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Cornelius Nepos . “About famous people” or “About famous commanders” ( lat. De viris illustribus ).
Literature
- Cornelius Nepos . “About famous people” or “About famous commanders” ( lat. De viris illustribus ).
- Datam // Encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Rüdiger Schmidt, Encyclopaedia Iranica , "Datames" , online version, (1994)
- Peck, Harry Thurston. Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities , Datames , New York , (1898)
- Smith, William (editor). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology , "Datames" , Boston, (1867)