Vasiliy ( Vasil ) Konstantinovich Lipkovsky (sometimes Lipkivsky , Ukrainian: Vasil Kostyantinovich Lipkivsky ; March 7 (19), 1864 , Popudnya village, Lipovetsky district , Kiev province (now the Monastery district of Cherkasy region on November 19, , Kiev ) - Ukrainian religious leader, founder, ideologist and first primate of the non-canonical Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (UAOC) with the title “Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine” (1921-1927), church reformer, preacher, teacher, publicist, writer and translator.
| Vasily Konstantinovich Lipkovsky | ||
|---|---|---|
| ||
| 1921 - 1927 | ||
| Church | Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church | |
| Predecessor | position established | |
| Successor | Nikolay Boretsky | |
| Education | Kiev Theological Academy | |
| Birth | ||
| Death | ||
| Buried | the exact burial place is unknown (at the Lukyanovsky cemetery in Kiev, a symbolic memorial cross is installed) | |
| Autograph | ||
During the metropolitan ministry, he made great efforts to develop the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and was able to turn it into an influential factor in the life of the then Ukrainian society. I visited more than 400 parishes with personal visits, where I met with faithful UAOC and preached [1] . He made numerous translations into the Ukrainian language of liturgical and religious literature. He is the author of "History of the Ukrainian Church."
At the age of 73, he was shot by the sentence of the NKVD troika . The exact burial place is unknown (at the Lukyanovsky cemetery in Kiev, a symbolic memorial cross is installed). In 1989 he was rehabilitated “for the lack of corpus delicti” [2] . By the decision of the III Local Council, the UAOC was canonized on November 27, 1997 as Vasily (Lipkovsky). Revered as a holy martyr [3] .
Content
Biography
The future Metropolitan Vasily Lipkovsky was born on March 19 (March 7 according to the old style) in 1864 in the village of Popudnya (now Monastyryshchensky District , Cherkasy Region , Ukraine , then Uman County , Kiev Province ) in the family of a rural priest.
Vasily Lipkovsky received his primary education at the Uman Theological School, where he studied in 1873-1879. In 1879-1884 he studied at the Kiev Theological Seminary, after which he was sent as the best student to the Kiev Theological Academy, which he graduated in 1889 with the degree of candidate of theology, defending a dissertation on the struggle of the Maccabees and the Syrian kings, its causes and significance in Jewish stories.
In the 1890s, he worked as a teacher of the Law of God at the Kiev State Gymnasium; soon after taking the priesthood in 1891 he became rector of the city cathedral, a district observer of the parish schools of the Lipovetsky district .
In the early 1900s, he was the head of the Kiev Church and Teacher School. Archpriest.
In 1905, after the start of the first Russian revolution, he was fired from work for Ukrainian national convictions. On September 19, 1905, he was assigned to a priestly place at the Kiev-Pokrovskaya Solomenskaya Church [4] (later its abbot), he taught at schools.
At the beginning of 1917, together with Archpriest S. Potekhin, priest N. Marynich and the archbishop Alexy (Dorodnitsyn) , who was formerly Vladimir, who settled in Kiev, he led the Ukrainian religious and social movement for autocephaly of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. He became one of the initiators of the creation of the Brotherhood of the Resurrection of the Cross and the All-Ukrainian Orthodox Church Council.
May 9, 1919 in the St. Nicholas Cathedral on the Pechersky Hills in Kiev for the first time held a service in the Ukrainian language.
UAOC Head
In October 1921, the so-called “All-Ukrainian Council of Clergy and Laity”, which was held in Kiev (October 11–27, 1921), approved the autocephaly proclaimed on January 1, 1919, and elected Lipkovsky as metropolitan . None of the canonical bishops of Ukraine and the world recognized Lipkovsky's autocephaly and agreed to perform canonical ordination . Then, on October 23, 1921, in violation of all the canons of the Lipkovsky Orthodox Church, priests and laity “ordained”, which is why they began to call all clergy of the UAOC self-sanctified [5] . The consecration took place as follows: each of those present in the cathedral knelt and put his hand on the left shoulder of the neighbor in front. The walls were laymen, closer to the middle were deacons , in the center were priests who laid their hands on the gospel that lay on Lipkovsky’s head. Eyewitnesses recalled an extraordinary spiritual uplift that engulfed all those present at the ordination. Many people cried with happiness. A few days later, Nestor Sharaevsky was ordained to the archbishop of Kiev in a similar way. After that, Lipkovsky and Sharaevsky, already "legitimate" hierarchs, "ordained" Archpriest Mikhnovsky to the "bishop" of Chernigov, Archpriest John Theodorovich - to the "bishop" of Vinnitsa, Archpriest Orlik - to the "bishop" of Nezhinsky, Yarechenko - to the bishop of Polish and Lubensky. The ordination of the latter took place according to the rank of the Orthodox Church [6] .
In accordance with the decisions of the “Council”, which elected Lipkovsky as “Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine,” the latter did not have significant power and was thought of as “the first among equals in the UAOC Episcopate”. Although the “Council” (or, on its instructions from the All-Russian Center for the Reconstruction and Development Center) elected it “for the management and streamlining of church life,” these functions were severely limited. “Metropolitan” was an honorary head, the first adviser and representative of the All-Russian Center for Disciplinary Affairs, he could lead a department or commission in it, but when voting, he had an equal vote with its other members. His contacts with local UAOC organizations were limited [6] .
Vasily Lipkovsky actively promoted the idea of creating a Ukrainian national church. Despite the resistance of most of the Orthodox clergy, he conducted the Ukrainianization of church life, contributed to the translation of church books into Ukrainian. I personally visited about 500 parishes, which contributed to the growth of UAOC authority in Ukraine. He upheld the principle of nation-wide soborism, while most bishops advocated preserving the right to the superiority of the clergy in matters of governing the church.
The activities of Vasily Lipkovsky were aimed at strengthening and developing the UAOC. On October 17, 1927, delegates of the All-Ukrainian Church Council, under pressure from part of the UAOC episcopate, headed by Bishop P. Romadanov, voted to remove “the burden of the metropolitan ministry” from Vasily Lipkovsky.
Over the following years, he was constantly monitored by the repressive organs of the USSR; he was arrested several times.
On October 22, 1937 he was once again arrested, on November 20 he was sentenced by the troika under the Kiev administration of the NKVD of the USSR to death, and soon executed. He was buried at the Lukyanovsky cemetery in Kiev.
Proceedings
Vasily Lipkovsky - a preacher and translator of theological texts in the Ukrainian language, author of a number of theological works:
- Orthodox Christ Church of the Ukrainian People (1951),
- Revival of the Church in Ukraine 1917-1930 (1957)
- Revival of the Ukrainian Church (1961),
- Sermons on Sunday and holidays (1969), etc.
Memory
- In 1983, a monument was erected to Metropolitan Vasily (Lipkovsky) in South Bound Brook, USA. In 2000, at the initiative of Metropolitan Methodius, a monument was erected to him at the expense of the UAOC community in Ternopol (Ukraine).
- In Kiev in 2012, Uritsky street was renamed to st. Metropolitan Vasily Lipkovsky .
- At Pokrovsky temple in his honor a memorial tablet is installed.
- On January 18, 2019, a monument was unveiled in Cherkasy .
Notes
- ↑ Views of Ukraine past the table . Almanac / Goal. ed. O. Shokalo. - K .: роvroimidzh, 2001 .-- S. 314. (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Lipkivsky Kostyantin. Desch about pereymenuvannya vulitsі // Dzerkalo tizhnya. - No. 89. - 2007. - 6 worms. (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Keruyuchi Karpatskoy єparchіu UAOC иск Bishop Victor The church served a prayer service to the holy martyr Vasil Lipkivsky, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Ukraine on the day of our earliest . (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Kiev diocesan sheets. 1905, No. 39.P. 428
- ↑ Pimen, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia . Message from His Holiness Patriarch Pimen to Athenagoras of Constantinople March 16, 1972 // Words, speeches, letters, addresses. 1957-1977. - M., Ed. Mosk. Patriarchate, 1977. - S. 169: “<...> the separatists convened in Kiev in October 1921 the so-called All-Ukrainian Council of Clergy and Laity, in which none of the bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church took part <...>. This not recognized ROC council proclaimed the formation of the “Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church”. The leader of the separatists, by that time excommunicated archpriest, Vasily Lipkovsky was elected by the participants of the “cathedral” to the bishop of the new “church”. The “bishop's” ordination of Vasily Lipkovsky was made contrary to all canonical rules (Ap. Pr. 1; Antioch. Sob. Pr. 19; 1 Universe. Sob. Pr. 6, etc.). The “consecration” itself was performed by excommunicated elders and laity with the entrustation of the relics (hands) of the Holy Martyr Makarios , Metropolitan of Kiev, to Lipkovsky. This blasphemous act was repeated during the subsequent “ordination” in the “bishop” of the excommunicated archpriest Nestor Sharaevsky . The nature of these "consecrations" gave rise to the spread in the believing people of the name of the new schismatics "self-sanctified". "
- ↑ 1 2 http://pstgu.ru/download/1172751953.marchukov.pdf
Links
- Metropolitan Vasil Lipkivsky (Ukrainian)