People's Patriotic Union of Russia

It was created on the basis of the Bloc of Popular Patriotic Forces (BNPS). The initiators of the creation were several dozen opposition parties and organizations. At the constituent congress, a resolution was adopted on the formation of the movement, a charter was approved, a statement and an appeal to Russian citizens were adopted. Gennady Zyuganov was elected Chairman, Alexander Rutskoi and Aman-Geldy Tuleev were co-chairs. Vasily Starodubtsev was elected a member of the presidium, Nikolay Kondratenko , Yu. E. Lodkin , N.K. Maksyuta , A.G. Nazarchuk , A.S. Suvorov were elected members of the coordination council. NI Ryzhkov was elected Chairman of the Executive Committee of the NPSR.

From August 1996 to July 1, 2004, Zyuganov was the chairman of the Coordination Council of the NPSR. On September 12, 2004, Gennady Semigin was elected Chairman of the Coordination Council.

In 1998-2000, V. I. Zorkaltsev was the chairman of the executive committee of the NPSR. On June 8, 2000 A.M. Tuleev was expelled. In 2000, the executive committee of the NPSR was headed by businessman Gennady Semigin , in 2004 he was replaced by Vladimir Bayev.

The NPSR included the Communist Party , the Agrarian Party of Russia, and others. In 1996, about 150 political organizations were included. The supreme governing body of the NPSR is the congress. In between congresses, the work is supervised by a coordination council (about 150 people - one representative each from the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as representatives from parties and associations).

The NPSR, together with the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, participated in the gubernatorial elections, gaining power in 40 constituent entities of the Federation (the so-called " red belt ", or the people's patriotic belt). In particular, by January 1997, NPSR candidates won in 16 of the 33 regions where elections for regional leaders were held ^[1] . It was assumed that in the elections of the State Duma in 2003, instead of the list of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, a list of NPSRs would be put up.

The NPSR was funded by Semigin, and the heads of the regional branches of the NPSR (many of whom were at the same time heads the local branches of the Communist Party) received salaries. So, in 2004, the Kommersant newspaper wrote with reference to the report on the activities of the executive committee of the NPSR from the movement’s website: “in 2002, 835 regional branches of the union had 905 emancipated employees, and another 483 rates were allocated to the heads of city and district organizations of the NPSR” ^{[ 2]} .

Congresses NPSR:

I (constituent) Congress - August 7, 1996

II Congress - November 21, 1998

III Congress - September 23, 2000

IV Congress - September 12, 2004

On the eve of the elections to the State Duma of the third convocation, a conflict broke out in the NPSR, caused by the position of the largest member of the union - the Communist Party. On September 15, 1999, the Control and Revision Commission of the NPSR accused the CPRF leadership of the fact that when compiling the list of candidates for deputies, a number of NPSR figures were not included there (N. I. Ryzhkov and others). The recent decision of the Presidium of the Coordination Council of the NPSR on the removal from office of the co-chairs of the Constitutional Court of the NPSR M. Lapshin (leader of the Agrarian Party of Russia) and A. Podberezkin (“Spiritual Heritage”) was found to be inconsistent with the charter of the NPSR. The KRK decided to convene an extraordinary meeting of the Coordination Council of the NDSR, at which to initiate the convening of an extraordinary congress of the NPSR, and in case of opposition from the Executive Committee or the Coordinating Council, convene the Congress by the forces of the KRK itself. At this congress, it was supposed to exclude G. A. Zyuganov from the NPSR for the collapse of the patriotic coalition.

The Communist Party indeed distanced itself from M. Lapshin and A. Podberyozkin, who, in the 1999 elections, collaborated with the Fatherland-All Russia bloc. Also on October 1, 1999, the chairman of the Executive Committee of the NPSR V.I. Zorkaltsev, in response to the accusations of the NRC of the NRC, stated that 11 out of 18 places in the central list of the Communist Party were given to non-party supporters, the list included 50 members of the Agrarian Party (who did not support the alliance with “OVR”), 7 representatives of the ADP, 4 members of the “Spiritual Heritage”, representatives of other parties and public associations, as well as the Communist Party will support more than 50 independent candidates - “single-mandate candidates”.

In the summer of 2000, in an interview with Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Aman Tuleyev noted that difficulties in the NPSR and the Russian patriotic movement were due, among other things, to the reluctance of “party generals” (first secretaries of the Communist Party regional committees) to give way to allies in the electoral lists.

On the eve of the Third Congress of the NPSR, the KRK accused the NPSR Coordinating Council of violating the rules of the charter during the preparation of the congress: violation of the norms of representation (which ensured the hegemony of the Communists to the detriment of the Allies), the absence on the agenda of the reports of the chairmen of the Coordination Council, the Executive Committee and the Control and Revision Commission. V. I. Miloserdov, Chairman of the NRC CPC, in his draft report, noted that the Communists hindered the participation of the NPSR in the elections of the State Duma of the third convocation, did not take measures to re-register the NPSR into the all-Russian political movement, actually dismissed the NPSR Executive Committee and dismissed the staff of the apparatus, in violation of the Charter The NPSR excluded the Agrarian Party, “Spiritual Heritage”, “A. Tuleyev’s Bloc -“ Democracy ”” from the association and co-opted a number of persons into the Coordination Council. The authorization of the Congress of the NPSR regarding the election of the Chairman of the Executive Committee at the meeting of the Coordinating Council was also noted.

By the decision of the III Congress of the NPSR, the Control and Revision Commission was abolished.

On January 5, 2003, in a joint article “Operation Mole” by the editor-in-chief of the Zavtra newspaper Alexander Prokhanov and the editor-in-chief of the Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper Valentin Chikin Semigin was accused of “destructive” influence on the Communist Party and the Soviet Socialist Republic. The article, citing closed sources, said that the “president’s administration” and the headquarters of the “Family” Yeltsin are preparing a “coup in the ranks of the opposition” by introducing their “agents of influence” into the NPSR and intercepting the leadership. In conclusion, the article proposed to neutralize the actions of Semigin and his people ^[3] . In response, Semigin called Chikin and Prokhanov "political provocateurs and schismatics." ^[4] Semigin also said that he would finance only the structures of the NPSR, but not the Communist Party. The Communists praised this as an attempt to bribe the first secretaries of the Communist Party regional committees.

On January 14, 2003, Zyuganov wrote in his article: “It is necessary, without delay, to regulate the activities of all structures of the NPSR, to overcome the bureaucracy of the leadership of the Executive Committee.” Commenting on Semigin’s letter in which he announced the suspension of funding, Zyuganov said: “I want to remind all kinds of“ merchants “trying to pat the party on the shoulder and striving to privatize the Communist Party and the NPSR: they will never succeed!”. ^[five]

On January 18, 2003, the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation put forward a series of complaints against Semigin. On January 30, 2003, Gennady Zyuganov criticized Semigin.

Semigin’s supporters accused the communists of not wanting to go to the polls as a single coalition, opponents of not matching the name of the KPRF-NPSR bloc with the election law (the name could have no more than seven letters), and there could be no more than three organizations in the bloc, and NPSR consisted of four.

Despite the heated conflict, in September 2003, Semigin joined the federal election list of the Communist Party in the parliamentary elections (under No. 18), a number of functionaries of the NPRS were also included in the list of the Communist Party, but in impassable places. In December 2003, at the Communist Party Congress, Semigin was proposed as a candidate from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation on March 14, 2004. On December 28, 2003, the Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation approved a small margin of votes of the delegates as candidate Nikolai Kharitonov , who received 123 votes. Semigin scored 105 votes, three delegates voted against all. Later, the Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation V. S. Nikitin described the attempt to nominate Semigin as a course towards an alliance with the patriotic bourgeoisie as opposed to an alliance with the peasantry.

On January 14, 2004, “An Appeal to All Party Communist Party Organizations” was published by Gennady Zyuganov and Chairman of the Central Control and Revision Commission Vladimir Nikitin , in which Semigin was clearly accused of bribing secretaries of regional organizations of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and was called a “presumptuous businessman”. All organizations of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation were instructed "to repulse attempts to destroy the party and turn it into a servant of capital and the current regime" ^[6] .

On May 18, 2004, the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation by a majority vote expelled Semigin from the party. On May 19, 2004, Semigin announced his withdrawal from the Communist Party faction in the State Duma.

On July 1, 2004, at a meeting of the Coordination Council, Zyuganov was removed from the post of chairman and expelled from the NPSR. Valentin Kuptsov , Ivan Melnikov and Nikolai Kharitonov were excluded with him.

In Prokhanov’s novel Political Scientist , which describes these and other events, a character named Semizhenov (a millionaire trying to take control of the patriotic movement) is featured. Its prototype is Semigin. ^[7]

Later, the NPSR became a part of the center-left coalition “ Patriots of Russia ” Semigin, and almost lost its political significance .

Ideology - patriotism , statehood , social justice .

• In the social sphere: guarantees of free medical care, as well as secondary and higher education. Elimination of unfair property and social stratification in society;
• The election of government as an essential principle of the functioning of the state;
• Preservation of state integrity and territorial unity of the country;
• Ensuring the peaceful, non-violent development of the political process;
• In the economy: return to the control of the state of strategically important sectors; reduction of the tax burden on domestic producers; transition to state pricing for a number of critical goods and services; review of the results of privatization and cancellation of all transactions committed in violation of the law; ensuring real equality of all forms of ownership; suppression of illegal export of capital abroad; the fight against dollarization of the economy; restructuring of external debt.

• People's Patriotic Union of Russia