Benedict Herbest (real name is Zelinsky, Zelenevich or Zelevich ) ( Polish: Benedict Herbest ; 1531 , New Misto (now Starosamborsky district, Lviv region of Ukraine ) - 1593 , Yaroslav , Poland ) - Polish priest , Jesuit , teacher, polemicist , organizer Polish school of the 16th century , the rector of the Lviv city school (gymnasium), the Jesuit collegium in Yaroslav, teacher of the University of Poznan , professor of the Cracow Academy . Ph.D.
| Benedict Herbest | |
|---|---|
| polish Benedict herbest | |
| Birth name | Benedict Zelinsky, Zelenevich or Zelevich |
| Date of Birth | 1531 |
| Place of Birth | New Misto (now Starosamborsky district , Lviv region , Ukraine ) |
| Date of death | 1593 |
| Place of death | Yaroslav , Subcarpathian Voivodeship , Poland |
| Nationality | Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth |
| Occupation | Jesuit, teacher, polemicist , organizer of a Polish school of the 16th century |
Content
Biography
He was born the fifth child in a large family of a small-earth tradesman. He received a thorough home education, graduated from elementary school, after which, thanks to material assistance from his neighbors, he studied at the Cracow Academy, where his three brothers also studied: Benedict, Jan and Stanislav. Received a bachelor's degree. According to the custom of that time, the name of Benedict Herbest was Latinized in Herbestus Neapolitanus (New Misto (Russian New City , Latin Neapolis ), and therefore Herbest was called Neapolitan , mistakenly mistaking him for a native of Naples in Italy.
In 1550, at the age of 19, the Lviv Magistrate elected Benedict Herbest as rector of the city school (gymnasium). He held this position until 1553. From 1555, he directed the school at the Church of Our Lady of Sorrows in Krakow. Due to disputes with the Krakow archpresbyter Yakub Gorsky on the Reformation , he moved to Poznan in 1563 and became rector of the Lubran College. Later he taught at the University of Poznan (1563) and was rector of the Lubran Collegium.
In 1559 he received a master's degree in liberal arts and began teaching at the University of Cracow, and from 1561 he received a Ph.D.
At the invitation of the Gniezno archbishop, Jan Psherembsky visited his residence in Skiernavitsy, where he studied youth and wrote a number of his famous works: “ Comptus ... ” (1559), “ Arithmeticz linearis ” (1560). In 1566 he published one of the oldest Catholic catechisms in Polish - Nauka prauego chrzescijanina . Later his writings appeared “Wiary Kościola rzymskiego wywody y greckiego niewolnistwa historia” ( Conclusions of the faith of the Roman church and the history of Greek bondage before the union ), written for the conversion of Russia and “ Wypisanie drogi ” (Description of the road), in which Herbest tells of a visit to 1566 Lviv and other cities of the Russian Voivodeship of the Commonwealth and hopes to achieve a union with the Orthodox Church on the conditions worked out by the Ferraro-Florentine Cathedral .
In 1569 he entered the Jesuit Order, in 1571 went to study in Rome at Collegium Romanum . In 1572 he returned to his homeland and began to teach at the Jesuit seminary of Pultusk . At the invitation of the Sandomierz governor, in 1574 he went to Malbork to educate his sons and relatives.
In 1575-1576 he taught at the Jesuit College in Yaroslavl, one of the main centers of the proselytic Jesuit policy on Ukrainian lands.
Active participant in the counter-reformation movement in the Commonwealth. In 1583-1584 he converted the Orthodox to Catholicism , including by violent means.
In 1584 he led the Jesuit mission in Lviv.
See also
- Polemic literature of the Commonwealth
- The key to the kingdom of heaven
Literature
- Benedict Herbest. The origin of the faith of the Roman church ... "Our Faith." No. 3 (9) / 1999 (Belarusian)
- History of the Russian Church. Prince 5. S. 235, 237;
- Bad S. N. Papacy and Ukraine: The policy of the Roman curia on Ukrainian lands in the XVI-XVII centuries. K., 1989.
Links
- Site of New Misto (Ukrainian)