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Sima Chenzhen ( Chinese trad. 司馬承禎 , ex. 司马承祯 , pinyin : Sīmǎ Chéngzhēn , 647 - 735) is the twelfth Taoist patriarch of the Shangqing School, also a famous poet, artist and calligrapher.
Hailing from the side branch of the imperial dynasty of Syma of the Jin kingdom (265-420) [1] . Born in Henan Province, however, he preferred Taoism and was trained in Taoist practices in a monastery on Mount Songshan ; his teacher was Pan Shizhen. [2] . He achieved success in the arts, wrote poetry, painted, engaged in calligraphy [1] . He was friends with the poets Li Bo and Wang Wei . He left 15 works in the field of Taoist cosmology, medicine, practice of achieving immortality, meditation and internal alchemy [3] [4] .
Unlike most Taoists, he did not shun court and politics; he served at the court of Empress Wu Zetian , emperors Zhui Zong and Xuan Zong , taking care to strengthen the position of Taoism as the official religion of the state. One of the emperor’s daughters, Zhui Zong, became his student, and for her, the emperor built a monastery on Tiantai Shan [5] .
His best-known essay is the Tzovanlun treatise (see the translation by VV Malyavin "On Staying in Oblivion"), in which the "Seven Steps to the Tao" are formulated as practical instruction on meditation.
A lot of literature is devoted to Syma Chenzhen - biographies, poetic initiations, including sections of the Buddhist canon [1] .
Literature
- Fabrizio Pregadio. The Encyclopedia of Taoism. - New York: Routledge, 2008. - T. 1. - S. 911-913. - ISBN 978-0-7007-1200-7 .
- Syma Chengzhen. About being in oblivion. Translation of Malyavin. - in the book Malyavin V.V. Lightning in the heart. Spiritual awakening in the Chinese tradition. De vita spirituali series M. Natalis 1997. 367 p.
- Thomas Jülch. Der Orden des Sima Chengzhen und des Wang Ziqiao. Untersuchungen zur Geschichte des Shangqing-Daoismus in den Tiantai-Bergen. Herbert Utz VerlagMünchen 20011 ISBN 978-3-8316-4083-6
- Sima Chengzheng , Guqin Silk String Zither
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Pregadio, p. 911
- ↑ José Ignacio Cabezón. Scholasticism: Cross-cultural and Comparative Perspectives. - Albany, 1998, State University of New York Press, isbn = 0-7914-3777-9, p. 124
- ↑ Livia Kohn. Daoism Handbook. - Leiden, 2000, Brill, isbn = 90-04-112081, p. 347
- ↑ Louis Komjathy. Cultivating Perfection: Mysticism and Self-transformation in Early Quanzhen Daoism - Leiden, 2007, Brill, isbn = 978-90-04-16038-5, p.20
- ↑ Livia Kohn. Chinese Healing Exercises: The Tradition of Daoyin - Honolulu, 2008, University of Hawai'i Press, isbn = 978-0-8248-3269-8, p. 147