Double and straight with eye of a needle
Thread Needle Sewing Machine Needle
Needle structure
1 - end , 2 - flask , 3 - transitional cone , 4 - rod , 5 - recess , 6 - eye , 7 - point , 8 - long groove , 9 - intermittent groove , 10 - jumper
Dimensions
L is the total length of the needle , l 1 is the length from the end to the eye , l is the length of the bulb ,
d is the diameter of the rod , D is the diameter of the bulb
Machine sewing needles - needles for household and industrial sewing machines (sewing, basting ( overlocks ), sewing-basting and other types), as well as for booklet-binding machines .
Content
Types
- Straight with ear
- Double rod (double)
- Three-rod (triple)
- Straight without abalone
- Straight without abalone with knee
- Straight hook
- Straight with crochet and knee
- Radius with ear
- Radius without abalone
- Radius with hook
Marking
Schematic representation of the formation of stitches by a sewing machine. In yellow, the upper thread is fed by a needle, in green - the lower thread is fed by the shuttle mechanism from the bobbin
Some types of machine sewing needles depending on the shape of the tip
Marking machine sewing needles is applied to the flask, it can also be on the packaging. The marking may contain letters and numbers showing the type, number and type of needle; some manufacturers colorize the flask.
Type
Depending on the manufacturer, the type of needles for sewing machines is marked with various designations.
- For household machines
- 130/705 H / HA × 1 - standard (universal) needles for household sewing machines and overlocks.
- EL × 705 / HA × 1 SP, DC × 1/81 × 1, 16 × 231 / DB × 1, 2054/16 × 75 - for household overlocks.
- For industrial machines
- DP × 5/135 × 5 / 134R: 797 / 0319-02 - for shuttle stitch machines.
- DC × 27 / 0029-02 - for overlocks.
Number
The number (size, needle thickness) is indicated by a whole two-digit or three-digit number, which is the diameter of the rod (in millimeters) multiplied by 100 (sizes from 50 to 400) [1] . Double-rod needles have an additional dimension of the center distance of the rods (in millimeters).
The larger the number, the needle is used for thicker and denser materials.
Sewing needle manufacturers may have their own needle number designation. Singer needle numbering system is also widespread, which can be indicated together with the standard (metric) numbering system [2] .
Table . Correspondence of the standard (metric) number of needles to ordinal.
| Metric number (hundredths of mm) | 50 | 55 | 60 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 90 | 95 | 100 | 105 | 110 | 120 | 125 | 130 | 140 |
| Serial number (fractions of an inch ) | five | 6 | eight | 9 | ten | eleven | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | sixteen | 17 | 18 | nineteen | 20 | 21 | 22 |
| Metric number | 150 | 160 | 180 | 190 | 200 | 230 | 250 | 280 | 300 | 330 | 350 | 400 |
| Serial number | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29th | thirty | 31 |
Purpose
Depending on the manufacturer, some letters may appear on the packages or needles to indicate which materials they are intended for sewing, depending on the thickness, shape of the rod, tip, etc. [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] . Some examples:
- Piercing
- R, RD, SET, H, UNIVERSAL - standard, universal application. They have a slightly rounded point, sizes 60-110, the cross section is round. Designed for sewing thin fabrics, medium-density fabrics, coated thin materials, plain fabrics, for hidden stitching of woven materials, artificial leather, coated fabrics, woven and rolled denim .
- SPI, R-SPI, S SET, RS, HM, SHASPI, MICROTEX, SHARP - very sharp, round cross-section. Designed for sewing microfiber thin dense fabrics ( silk , taffeta , etc.), coated materials, for blind stitch and straight quilted seams. The puncture diameter is minimal, the sizes are 60-80, thin threads are used.
- EH, H SET, EH-SET, SET RT, STU, R-STU, STUB, RG, NEW RD, S BALL, EMBROIDERY - rounded (dull), the cross section is round. Universal, for chain stitch, knitwear, microfibre, button sewing, decorative embroidery, leather clothes.
- Spreading
- SES, BPL, FFG, J BALL, L BALL, NYR, SIN, TB, HS, STRETCH - blunt-pointed, round, thin. Spreads the threads of the fabric without damaging them. For sewing elastic fabrics ( knitwear of thin and medium density, synthetic elastic fabrics, jersey ), upholstery with a base of knitwear.
- SUK, H-SUK, B BALL, M BALL, FG, SI, BPM, LAC, JERSEY - with a small spherical tip, circular cross section, thick. Spreads the threads of the fabric without damaging them. For sewing thick knitwear, jersey, knitted materials, elastic coarse knitted materials with elastic or elastomer.
- SKU, H BALL, U BALL, G, CAL, BPH - with a medium spherical tip, round section. For sewing coarse, highly elastic and open materials.
- SKF, Y BALL, EX H BALL, TR, C, BIL, BPEH, SCHIFFLI - the tip is wide spherical, round section. For embroidery of open structural materials ( tulle , curtains , etc.), sewing of coarse three-dimensional knitwear, thin delicate elastic materials with lycra ( elastane ) threads.
- SKL - wide tip with strong rounding, round cross-section. For sewing coarse knitwear, medium density and dense elastic knitted materials with lycra threads.
- Cutting
- LL, TW - wedge-shaped tip, turned 45 ° to the left to the direction of the seam, oval section. It is used for tailoring natural and artificial leather, decorative seam with a slope.
- LR, R TW, NR TW, B2RS - wedge-shaped tip, turned to the right by 45 ° to the direction of the seam, oval section.
Dimensions
Approximate needle length 38.5 mm.
Views
Table . Types of needles for sewing machines [8] .
| Appointment | room | Point and other characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| Dense and smooth fabrics | 70-110 | Pointy |
| Plain and synthetic fabrics, leather (universal, standard needles) | 80-120 | Pointy |
| Knitwear | 70-100 | Lightly rounded |
| Thin jersey, jersey | 75–90 | Lightly rounded |
| Medium Density Knitwear, Denim , Corsetry | 80-110 | Medium Rounded |
| Thin highly elastic fabrics ( lycra , elastomer ), rough knit | 75-100 | Strongly rounded |
| Highly elastic fabrics, women's underwear , rough knitwear | 65–90 | Strongly rounded |
| Thick fabrics | 80-110 | With left-side side groove - to prevent the needle thread from breaking. You can use the smallest stitch length |
| Thick fabrics | 80-100 | With right side groove. In two-needle machines it is installed on the left |
| Non-woven , synthetic, rubberized materials, tarpaulin , cardboard , upholstery for upholstered furniture , covers, shoes | 90-140 | Cutting, trihedral |
| Leather | 90-130 | Cutting, tetrahedral |
| Embroidery stitching | 100 | Shaft with blade |
| Quilting ( quilting ) | 75–90 | Lightly rounded |
See also
- Hand sewing needles
- Sewing machine
- Overlock
Notes
- ↑ GOST 22249-82 - Needles for sewing machines. Types and main sizes.
- ↑ Table of correspondence of the thickness of the needles of various manufacturers . Date of treatment December 23, 2012. Archived January 25, 2013.
- ↑ Needles of embroidery and sewing machines / Article on the website "Encyclopedia of Technologies and Methods".
- ↑ Machine needles and threads for sewing clothes / Article on the site “Sew it yourself”.
- ↑ [1 .pdf Piercing points "Groz-Beckert"] / perevalov.ru .
- ↑ Types of needlepoint / organ-needles.ru .
- ↑ GOST 22249-82 (with amendments No. 1 and 2). Appendix table 12 / M .: Publishing house of standards. - 1997 - 56 s. The text of the document on the website internet-law.ru .
- ↑ Lvov S.A. Equipment for sewing production. - 1st ed. Textbook for NGOs . - M .: Academy , 2010 .-- S. 17-21. - 208 p. - ISBN 978-5-7695-7236-4 .
Literature
- GOST 22249-82 - Needles for sewing machines. Types and main sizes.
- Lvov S.A. Equipment for sewing production. - 1st ed. Textbook for NGOs . - M .: Academy , 2010 .-- S. 17-21. - 208 p. - ISBN 978-5-7695-7236-4 .
- Sewing needle // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 51 vol.] / Ch. ed. S. I. Vavilov . - 2nd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1949-1958. T. 17, p. 300.