The Khoshudovsky ulus , also the Alexander ulus, is an administrative-territorial unit that existed in the Astrakhan province and the Kalmyk autonomous region .
| ulus | |
| Khosheutovsky ulus, Aleksandrovsky ulus | |
|---|---|
| Hoshuda Uls | |
| A country | Russian Empire, RSFSR, USSR |
| Adm. center | Tyumenevka , Shambay (1920-30) |
| History and Geography | |
| Timezone | MSK ( UTC + 3 ) |
| Population | |
| Population | 9 163 [1] people ( 1896 ) |
| Nationalities | Kalmyks and others |
| Denominations | Buddhists and others |
| Official language | Kalmyk, Russian |
In summer, the Khoshudovsky ulus wandered on the meadow side of the Volga , and in winter it was located on the right bank, west of the villages of Durnovskaya, Lyabyazhinskaya and Zamyanskaya [2] . Kalmyks of the Khoshudovsky ulus wandered along the banks of Akhtuba and Volga ; the main ulus rate was in Tyumenevka . The space of the ulus - 1 266 697 dess. There were 19 genera and 19 aimaks in the ulus [3] .
In 1896, 2053 cabins, 4484 male and 4459 female, and a total of 9,163 souls were counted in the Aleksandrovsky ulus [1] .
Content
History
In 1785, Noyon Tyumen reported that after a part of the Kalmyks migrated to Dzungaria in 1774, only 892 cabins remained at his disposal - a total of 3400 souls [4] . After the death of Teke and his son Lurup, the Khoshudovsky ulus remained in the sole possession of the heirs of Tyumen-Jirgalan. The subethnic composition of the ulus was heterogeneous. According to the chief trustee of the Kalmyk people K. Kostenkov, Zamyan had 817 cabins, of which 63 were his own, and 754 remained after Ubashi Khan, that is, the Torguts donated for the loss of their own, and Teke had 285 cabins, of which 135 and donated from Torgutov’s - 150 wagons. Tyumen-Jirgalan itself had a total of 315 switchers, of which 58 were Hoyt switchers , and 257 were handed over from the Torgoutov left after Ubash . Total in the Khoshudovsky ulus there were 1417 switchers, of which the Hoshuts themselves were 185 and 58 hoit kibbits, and the remaining 1174 switchers were merchants, mainly erktenes, querets, tsatans, and trainers. The Hoyts included telengits, Uryankhasas.
In the second half of the XIX century, in connection with the accession to the throne of Alexander III , at the request of the owner of the ulus, Prince Tyumen, the ulus was renamed Alexandrovsky [5] .
The owners of the Khoshudovsky ulus had large land plots in the form of cottages, acquired by them for joint use with the Khoshudov Kalmyks. But gradually the descendants of the Tyumen began to consider these lands as their own. At their discretion, they leased them to Russian peasants. These land grabs reduced pastures and hayfields, which led to increased social stratification in aimaks. On this basis, the famous “Shambay affair” arose - the peasant movement in the Khoshudovsky ulus, which lasted from 1904 until the outbreak of the First World War [6] .
In 1920, the Khoshudovsky ulus was included in the Autonomous Oblast of the Kalmyk people [7] with an administrative center in the village of Shambay [8] .
In 1930, the Khoshudovsky ulus was abolished and, together with the Zyunevsky, Tsagan-Amansky and Erketenevsky village councils of the Bagatsokhurovsky ulus and the villages of Kalmyk Bazar and Niitsyan, constituted the Volga region [9] .
Population
Population dynamics
| 1896 [1] | 1904 [10] |
|---|---|
| 9163 | 8070 |
Aimachnoe division
According to the Memorial Book of the Astrakhan Province for 1914, the Aleksadrovsky ulus united 2 aimaks [11] :
- Sereb-Dzhapovsky;
- Tyumenevsky.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 History of Kalmykia
- ↑ 1. The economy of Kalmykia. "Site about the History of Kalmykia (unavailable link) . Date of access December 21, 2012. Archived November 5, 2013.
- ↑ Khoshoutovsky // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ History of Kalmykia
- ↑ History of Kalmykia
- ↑ History of Kalmykia
- ↑ History of Kalmykia
- ↑ Administrative and territorial division of Kalmykia (1920-2001) “Site about the History of Kalmykia (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 25, 2013. Archived on February 5, 2013.
- ↑ History of Kalmykia
- ↑ All Astrakhan and the entire Astrakhan Territory. The memorial book of the Astrakhan province for 1905: the 22nd year of publication / Ed. Astrakhan. Lip. Stat. Committee. - Astrakhan: Steam lips. typ., 1904. - 603 s. (Information department. Administrative division of the province)
- ↑ All Astrakhan and the entire Astrakhan Territory. The memorial book of the Astrakhan province for 1914: 31st ed. / Ed. Astrakhan. Lip. Stat. Committee. - Astrakhan: Type. Lip. corrected., 1914 .-- 479 p. (Administrative division of the province. List of aimakh administrations ...)
Literature
- Nebolsin P.I. Essays on the life of the Kalmyks of the Khoshoutovsky ulus . - SPb. : In type. K. Kraya, 1852 .-- 190 p.
- Khoshoutovsky // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.