The Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin ( Latin: Exarchatus Apostolicus Harbinensis ) is the exarchate of the Russian Greek Catholic Church with its center in Harbin , China . The apostolic exarchate of Harbin united the Russian Catholics of the Byzantine rite living in Harbin. Despite the fact that the de facto exarchate ceased to exist after the Second World War , de jure it was not liquidated and the department of the apostolic exarchate is still considered vacant [1] .
| The Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin | |
|---|---|
| Exarchatus apostolicus harbinensis | |
| Byzantine rite | |
| Main city | Harbin |
| A country |  Republic of China  Manzhou guo  China |
| Established | May 20, 1928 |
Content
History
A community of Greek Catholics from among Russian emigrants in Harbin emerged in the 1920s after the conversion of the Byzantine rite to Catholicism, Archpriest Konstantin Koronin, his father, Archpriest John Koronin and three other priests. They formed the parish of St. Vladimir, who was allowed to conduct services in the Byzantine rite in the Harbin Catholic Church of St. Stanislav [2] .
On May 20, 1926, the Papal Commission of Pro Russia issued a decree Fidelium Russorum, which instituted an apostolic exarchate for believers of the Russian Greek Catholic Church living in Harbin. On November 6, 1928, Priest Fabian Abrantovich arrived in Harbin, who became the first exarch of the apostolic exarchate Harbin. From 1928-1929 to 1948-1949 under the exarchate, the Lyceum of St. Nicholas acted [3] , the College of the Convention of the Ursulinok Sisters in Harbin [4] , the School of the Convention of the Sisters Franciscan Missionaries of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Harbin [5] , in addition, under the leadership of the Jesuits, the Russian Catholic mission operated Shanghai and educational institutions under her. On October 11, 1937, the novitiate of the Marian Byzantine rite of the Marian congregation was opened in Harbin. On October 14, 1931, the Exarchate published the Catholic Herald of the Russian Diocese of the Byzantine-Slavic Rite in Manchuria .
In 1928, the Harbin parish numbered 18 people, and in 1935 the number of laity was already more than 150 people. The clergy of the exarchate consisted of 5 priests, 1 hierodeacon, 4 monks and 26 nuns [2] . More than 500 Russian children who studied at the Lyceum of St. Nicholas , Harbin College of Sisters ursulins and the School of the Consecration of the Sisters Franciscan Missionaries of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Harbin.
In 1939, Fabian Abrantovich went to Rome to visita ad limina [6] , after which he visited the monasteries of his monastic congregation in Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. After the outbreak of World War II, Fabian Abrantovich was arrested by the NKVD . In 1942, he was sentenced to ten years in prison camps and died in prison in 1946.
In 1948, the apostolic exarchate of Harbin numbered about 500 believers. After the Communists came to power in China, the repression and mass departure of the Russian population from Harbin began, which moved mainly to the United States, Australia and South America. On December 22, 1948, the successor of Fabian Abrantovich, the exarch Andrei Tsikoto, along with other priests, was arrested by the Chinese authorities. They were deported to the Soviet Union, where they were held in Chita . In 1949, all priests were sentenced to 25 years of forced labor. Exarch Andrei Tsikoto died on February 13, 1953 in the Ozerlag infirmary near Taishet .
A continuation of the traditions of the Russian Greek Catholicism of Harbin was the parishes of St. Nicholas in Melbourne , St. Michael in New York , st. Peter and Paul in Buenos Aires , the Temple of the Annunciation of the Mother of God (Sao Paulo) and others [2] .
Exarch List
- Archimandrite Fabian Abrantovich MIC [7] (05/31/1928 - 1939)
- Priest Cosma Naylovich - Acting Administrator
- Archimandrite Andrei Tsikoto MIC (10/20/1939 - 02/13/1953);
- vacancy (From 1953 to the present).
Notes
- ↑ Information on the website catholic-hierarchy.org
- ↑ 1 2 3 Kolupaev R. Harbin Exarchate // Catholic Encyclopedia . T.5. M .: Publ. Franciscans, 2013.S. 13-14. ISBN 978-5-89208-114-6
- ↑ Lyceum of St. Nicholas: 1929 - 1949 in Harbin. W., 1997.
- ↑ College of St. Ursula: 1929 - 1949 in Harbin / ed. Butvillo N., Kositsyna. Sydney, 1998.
- ↑ School of the Convention of the Sisters of the Franciscan Missionary Blessed Virgin Mary. Harbin: Publishing School of the Convention of the Sisters of the Franciscan Missionaries of the Blessed Virgin Mary ("Franciscan Sisters Missionaries of Mary Boarding School"), 2002.
- ↑ A term denoting the obligatory visit by the Catholic hierarch of the Pope prescribed by Canon law
- ↑ see Abbreviations of Catholic Male Monastic Orders and Congregations
Sources
- Annuario Pontificio , Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Città del Vaticano, 2003, p. 958, ISBN 88-209-7422-3
- Decree Fidelium Russorum , AAS 20 (1928), p. 366 (lat.)
- Kolupaev V.E. Russian Church Presence in China. Monograph. 2013.p. 122. ISBN 978-3-8484-7969-6