Group puzzle , mosaic method ( German Gruppenpuzzle , English Jigsaw technique ) is a didactic method of group work, developed in 1971 by the American psychologist Elliot Aronson . Using this method, students become positively dependent on each other; they learn responsibility and teamwork.
The essence of the method
Entire classroom consisting of person is divided into groups. Each group considers a specific topic, but each member of the group takes on only its specific aspect, which he studies most intensively. Thus, in each group there is only one “ expert ” on a given aspect of the problem. At this stage, each group receives a general superficial look at the problem, and the “experts” independently delve into certain aspects of it.
After a specified time, the initial groups are disbanded and new ones are formed, in which “experts” are united on each aspect of the problem. At this stage, an exchange of expert opinions takes place, as a result of which their understanding of the issue deepens, and the questions that arose at the first stage of studying the problem are eliminated. As a result of work in this phase, “experts” must learn the educational material at a level that would allow them to consciously and accurately transfer the content of this educational material to other students who are not dedicated to this particular aspect of the problem.
At the third stage, the “experts” return to their original groups and pass on the knowledge gained to other members of the group (who are not familiar with this aspect of the problem, but are “experts” in another aspect). At this stage, students learn to listen carefully to their colleagues, independently explain new material, ask questions and answer them.
At the final stage, the teacher checks the level of assimilation of all aspects of the problem by each member of the group. Control can take place in any known form and ensures the integrity of the work of “experts”.
Literature
- Elliot Aronson (1978). The jigsaw classroom. Beverly Hills: Sage.
- Elliot Aronson, S. Patnoe (1997). Cooperation in the classroom: The jigsaw method. New York: Longman.
- Elliot Aronson (2000). Nobody left to hate. New York: Henry Holt.
- Bärbel Barzel, Andreas Büchter, Timo LeudersBarzel (2011). Mathematik-Methodik: Handbuch für die Sekundarstufe I und II. - 6. Aufl. - Berlin: Cornelsen Scriptor, 2011 .-- ISBN 978-3-589-22378-7 .
Links
- The Jigsaw Classroom Official Portal
- Heather Coffey: Jigsaw on LEARN NC
- Gruppenpuzzle didactic method on the University of Bayreuth website (German)
- The Gruppenpuzzle didactic method on the website of the University of Oldenburg (German)
- The mosaic method and other interactive teaching methods in mathematics lessons on the site " First of September ."