Solomon Luria ( Luria [1] or Schlomo bin Jekhiel Luria [2] : Hebrew שלמה לוריא , Polish. Salomon Luria ; nicknamed - Magarshal ( Hebrew מהרש"ל ); 1510 , Poznan / Brest-Litov - November 7, 1573 [3] [4] , Lublin , Rzeczpospolita ) - Polish rabbi, researcher and commentator of the Talmud , Kabbalah and Halacha , chief rabbi of the cities of Brest , Volyn and Lublin , rector of the yeshiva in Brest, Ostrog and Lublin. According to some estimates , an outstanding Talmudic scholar of his time [5] . His name was given to the synagogue Magarschal , which does not exist today, in Lublin.
| Solomon Luria | |
|---|---|
| שלמה לוריא | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | 1510 |
| Place of Birth | Poznan / Brest |
| Date of death | November 7, 1573 |
| Place of death | Lublin |
| Occupation | rabbi, Talmudist |
| Father | Yankel Luria |
Content
Biography
Solomon Luria came from a well-known family of rabbis. His family had Alsatian roots, but later the ancestors of Solomon moved to Lithuania , and later to Greater Poland . His father Yankel was the rabbi of Slutsk , and grandfather Isaac Klauber was the rabbi of Poznan [6] .
Solomon Luria was born in 1510 in Brest [7] , according to other sources - in Poznan [8] . At a young age he went to study with his grandfather, Rabbi Klauber, in Poznan. In May 1535, a major fire broke out in the city, in which the Klauber house (along with the rich library of the rabbi) also burned down. After that, Luria continued his studies with the rabbi of Ostrog [9] . Subsequently, Solomon married the daughter of Gaberkasten Lepke [10] .
After some time, Solomon Luria was appointed rabbi of Brest and founded a yeshiva there. He probably did not live long in Vilnius . Around 1550, he became rabbi of Ostrog and leader of the Ostroh yeshiva after his father-in-law Kalman Gaberkasten, and soon he became chief rabbi of all Volhynia [9] .
In 1555 he became rabbi of Lublin. For some time he was in this city, but as a result of a quarrel with Shalom Shakhna left Lublin and returned to Ostrog. Only after the death of Shahna did Luria finally move to Lublin [6] [9] .
In 1567, the Polish king Sigismund II Augustus granted Solomon Luria the title of rector of the Lublin yeshiva. Magarshal was in this position until his death, making the institution famous throughout medieval Europe [6] .
Solomon Luria died on November 7, 1573 [3] [4] . He was buried in the Old Jewish Cemetery in Lublin. In his honor, the Lublin Jews named the main synagogue of the city - the synagogue of Magarshal [6] .
The Scientific Views of Solomon Luria
Magarshal was a consistent opponent of the pillpool , a method of analysis of the Talmud developed by Rabbi and his disciple Shalom Shahnoy . In contrast, Luria believed that the best way to gain knowledge is a thorough philological analysis of the Talmud [9] . He maintained friendly relations with his cousin, the Krakow rabbi Moshe Isserles , who are clearly read in the correspondence between the two rabbis. However, this affection did not prevent Luria from harshly criticizing Isserles when Magarshal received information that he studied philosophy , in particular, the works of the “uncircumcised Aristotle” [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Berlin I.Z. Luria, Solomon // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ Luria Shlomo bin Yehiel . Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia . Date of treatment May 11, 2017. Archived May 11, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Herman Rosenthal , Peter Wiernik, Kaufmann Kohler , Isaac Broydé , Solomon Schechter , Bernhard Friedberg. LURIA (English) . Jewish Encyclopedia . Date of treatment April 24, 2015. Archived February 19, 2017.
- ↑ 1 2 Radzik, 1998 , s. 38.
- ↑ Rainer, 2011 , p. 253-271.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Monika Szabłowska-Zaremba. Salomon ben Jechiel Luria (Polish) (link not available) . Teatr NN. Date of treatment April 24, 2015. Archived February 19, 2017.
- ↑ Borzymińska, Fijałkowski, 2003 , s. 69.
- ↑ Burmistrov, 2011 , p. 154.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 . Luria Salomon (Szlomo) ben Jechiel (Polish) . Polski Słownik Judaistyczny. Żydowski Instytut Historyczny . Date of treatment April 24, 2015. Archived February 19, 2017.
- ↑ . Luria Salomon ben Jechiel (Polish) (link not available) . Wirtualny Sztetl. Date of treatment April 24, 2015. Archived February 19, 2017.
Literature
- Burmistrov K. Yu. Luria Shlomo (Solomon) bin Yehiel // Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vol.] / Ch. Ed .: Yu.S. Osipov . Repl. Ed .: S. L. Kravets . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia , 2011. - T. 18. Lomonosov - Manizer. - 766 p. - 60,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-85270-351-4 .
- . Ashkenazyka elita on the cob of new good: a manuscript and a book are drunk // Polіn. Proceedings of the history and culture of Europe in Europe / Ed.: Antony Polonski. - K .: , 2011. - 410 p. - ISBN 978-966-378-178-5 .
- , . Luria Salomon (Szlomo) ben Jechiel // Polski Słownik Judaistyczny. Dzieje, kultura, religia, ludzie / Red .: . - Warszawa: Prószyński i S-ka, 2003 .-- T. II. - ISBN 83-7255-175-8 .
- . Żydzi w Lublinie: materiały do dziejów społeczności żydowskiej Lublina. - Lublin: Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Sklodowskiej , 1998 .-- T. II. - ISBN 83-227-1310-X .
Links
- Katarzyna Kruk, Tadeusz Przystojecki, Anna Kończanin, Monika Śliwińska. Synagoga Maharszala w Lublinie (nieistniejąca) (Polish) . Teatr NN. Date of treatment March 13, 2015. Archived March 13, 2015.
- Meir Raffeld. Luria, Shelomoh ben Yeḥi'el (English) . Translated from Hebrew by Anna Barber . . Date accessed August 20, 2015. Archived February 19, 2017.
- לוריא שלמה בן יחיאל, מהרש"ל (Hebrew) . Daat.ac.il. Date of treatment February 19, 2017. Archived February 19, 2017.