Aristotelianism

Aristotleism is a system of thinking that generally follows the principles and teachings of Aristotle, especially with regard to personal and social ethics (as well as politics) and the interpretation of the inherent benefits of man. Aristotle's ethical principles are clearly expressed in one of his famous works - Nicomachean ethics. Aristotle's works were the first to accept and develop peripatetics, later Neoplatonists, who wrote many comments on the works of Aristotle. In the Islamic world, Aristotle's books translated into Arabic, thanks to Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Ibn Sine and Ibn Rushda (see Eastern Aristotelianism) became a major part of early Islamic philosophy.

Aristotle regarded philosophy as a double occupation: practical and theoretical. Practical philosophy embraces ethics and politics, while theoretical philosophy embraces logic and physics. Metaphysics is regarded as the science of substance, which has internal, inherent principles of rest and movement. Aristotle considered the soul that is why a person lives, feels and understands. From here, the principles and abilities are edible, sensual and intellectual. Further, he considered the soul double - rational and irrational, in some people raising feelings over the mind. Aristotle defined wisdom as the science of the root causes. The four main sections of his philosophy were - dialectics, physics, ethics and metaphysics. He defined God as the First Mover, the best among essentials, motionless substance, remote from sensual things, devoid of bodily quantities, indivisible and without parts. Platonism is based on a priori reasoning, and Aristotelism is based on a posteriori reasoning. Aristotle taught his disciple, Alexander the Great, that if he did not do a good deed, the day was lost for him. Among the students of Aristotle were Theophrastus, Straton, Licon, Ariston of Chios, Critolaus and Diodorus Cronus.