HMS Chatham (1758) - 50-gun ship of the 4th rank of the Royal Navy . The sixth ship of His Majesty, named after the city of Chatham . Later renamed Tilbury .
| Hms chatham | |
|---|---|
| Hms chatham | |
 HMS Chatham Drawings | |
| Service | |
 Great Britain | |
| Class and type of vessel | 50-gun ship rank 4 ship , revision 1752 |
| Type of sailing weapon | Three mast ship |
| Organization |  Royal fleet |
| Manufacturer | royal shipyard, Portsmouth |
| The author of the ship drawing | Joseph Ellin |
| Ship master | Pearson Lock (until December 1755); Edward Ellin |
| Construction started | December 14, 1752 |
| Launched | April 25, 1758 |
| Service start | February 1758 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | May 1814 |
| Status | scrapped |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1067 37/94 tons ( approx. ) [1] |
| Gondek length | 147 feet (44.8 m ) [2] [3] |
| Midship Width | 40 ft 3 in (12.27 m) |
| Depth of intrum | 17 ft. 8 in. (5.38 m) |
| Engines | Sail |
| Crew | 350 [4] |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 50 |
| Gundeck Guns | 22 × 24 pound guns |
| Guns on the operdek | 22 × 12-fn guns |
| Guns on the Trench | 4 × 6-fn guns |
| Guns on the tank | 2 × 6-fn guns |
Content
Build
This project of Surveyor Joseph Ellin has already radically departed from the dimensions prescribed by the code of 1745 . The Naval Committee called for the construction of larger ships, and the Admiralty secured the Privy Council permission to increase the length by 3 feet and reduce the width by one foot to achieve better contours .
A variant of the previous project, Ellina offered an elongated and narrowed body. It was approved on November 8, 1752 . It was built as a small, “economical” battleship . After 1765, it was no longer considered linear in the full sense, and was simply called the “50-gun two-deck ship”.
Ordered on October 20, 1752 . The name is assigned on November 22 . Laid down on December 14, 1752 . The ship's master Pearson Locke died in December 1755, after which work continued by Edward Ellin. Launched on April 25, 1758 in Portsmouth . It was completed on May 23, 1758 in the same place.
Service
Although Chatham has not been at sea since 1783 , he has been in the raid service for a very long time.
He participated in the Seven Years War .
1758 - entered service in February, Captain John Lockhart ( born John Lockhart ); cruised in the North Sea and the Canal .
1759 - May 13, together with HMS Venus and HMS Thames took the French frigate Aréthuse ; June-July, with Rodney's squadron on Canal; October, with the Duff squadron, then entered the fleet of Admiral Hawk, blocked the ports of western France ; October-November, operated in the area of Quiberon Bay , including November 20 - the battle in Quiberon Bay ; then in the blockade of the Basque raid .
1760 - April, Captain Thomas Lynn; June 8, went to the East Indies . [2]
1761 - with a squadron of Rear Admiral Cornish, East Indies . Cornish brought his 4 ships to Bombay for repair, then headed south, hoping to meet reinforcements from England. Lack of supplies forced him to go to Madras , but Chatham , who wasn’t good at running, fell behind and went to Cape of Good Hope with HMS York . Here they learned from the frigate HMS Terpsichore that the expedition was canceled. [five]
1764 - at the end of the war he returned to England; April, put into reserve and calculated.
1766 - January-June, underwent minor repairs and equipment in Portsmouth; February, Captain John Falkingham ; June 5 went to the Leeward Islands .
1767 - August, Captain Charles Buckner, flagship of Vice Admiral Thomas Pye, Leeward Islands.
1769 - April, Captain Robert Gregory; August, returned to England, withdrawn to the reserve and calculated.
1770 - March, average repair at Portsmouth until June 1772 .
1772 - Capt . Charles Thompson , flagship of Vice Admiral William Parry, returned to duty in March; June 12 went to the Leeward Islands.
1773 - May, Captain James Worth, still the flagship of Parry;
He participated in the American Revolutionary War .
1775 - July (?) Returned home, put in reserve and calculated; returned to service in September, captain John Raynor ( born John Raynor ); the flagship of Rear Admiral (since February 1776 Vice Admiral, since July Lord) Moline Shuldam; assigned to Jamaica ; October 30 left for North America .
1776 - in operations near New York ; December, was at the landing in Rhode Island . [2]
May, on a barrel against a naval shipyard in Halifax . By the beginning of July, it was 5 miles on the NNE ½ E from the marina on Staten Island , New York .
On December 1, Captain Tobias Caulfield, with a temporary Commodore Parker on board and a squadron of five 50-guns, including HMS Preston , HMS Centurion , HMS Renown and HMS Experiment , several small ships and 7,000 troops, left New York and on December 8 landed troops in Newport (Rhode Island) and the Gulf of Narragansett , before that was the former popular parking for privatists . Newport remained in British hands for the next three years. [five]
1777 - March, Captain Tobias Caulfield; under the pennant braid of Captain Sir Peter Parker ; May, the flagship of Peter Parker, is already Rear Admiral.
1778 - returned to England; April-September, small repairs and equipment in the Shirness ; returned to service in May, Captain William Cornwallis ; June, Captain William Allen, Channel Navy .
1779 - March 23 went out to meet the East Indian convoy ; then to the Mediterranean Sea . [2]
November 19, together with HMS Hussar took the Spanish ship Nuestra Señora del Buen Consejo , armed with en flûte . [6]
1780 - January-April, equipment and plating with copper in the Shirness; then the Canal and the North Sea; May 18 took a 10-gun French corsair - cutter L'Alexandrine ; November, Captain Sir John Orde ; December 1, went to North America.
1781 - March, was in Chesapeake operations, June 9 was taken by the American privatir George Washington ; July, Captain Andrew Douglas; September 2, the French frigate Magicienne took over from Boston (32); [2]
March 20 with a squadron delivered 2,000 troops from New York to the Chesapeake and James River . On September 2, after a long chase, he caught up with the French frigate Magicienne (32), who was traveling from Boston to Portsmouth (New Hampshire). Although the frigate was clearly weaker, it exchanged volleys with Chatham for 30 minutes, and only then, after losing 32 killed and 86 wounded, lowered the flag. Chatham , by contrast, lost just 2 people killed and 4 wounded. [five]
October 5, took the American privatir General Starke ; October 31, took the privat Hyder Ali .
1783 - withdrawn to the reserve and calculated; November, sucks in Plymouth .
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
1791 - Blocking , mast crane in Chatham.
1797 - January-April, converted to a recovering hospital in Plymouth, for transfer to Falmouth .
1800 - Lieutenant James Manderson; the rookie barracks in Falmouth.
1802 - March, withdrawn to the reserve.
1805 - December, converted into a floating powder warehouse in Chatham, for transfer to Plymouth.
1810 - June 29 renamed Tilbury .
Sent for scrap in Chatham in May 1814 . [2]
Links
Notes
- ↑ B. Lavery. The Ship of the Line - Volume 1. - P. 173.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Winfield, ... p. 154.
- ↑ Later re-measured, the obtained dimensions of 147'0 "× 40'3" × 17'8 "gave a tonnage of 1052 t
- ↑ Typical abundance, see: Colonial Warfare Vessels : Navies and the American Revolution, 1775−1783. Robert Gardiner, ed. Chatham Publishing, 1997, p. 55. ISBN 1-55750-623-X
- ↑ 1 2 3 Ships of the Old Navy: CHATHAM (50) [1758]
- ↑ Ships of the Old Navy: HUSSAR (28) [1763]
Literature
- Lavery, B. The Ship of the Line. The development of the battlefleet 1650-1850. - Conway Maritime Press, 2003. - Vol. I. - ISBN 0-85177-252-8 .
- Winfield, Rif. British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714-1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates . London-St.Paul: Seaforth, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84415-700-6