Bepenia Toropberdin ( B. Trupberdin , B. Toropkildin , head He was known as abyz (teacher) and mullah . His grandfather Kamakai and father Toropkilde were Tarkhans and participated in the Bashkir uprising in 1704-1711. [1] .
| Bepenya Toropberdin | |
|---|---|
| head Bәpәnәy Tөrөpbirҙin | |
| Date of Birth | about 1695 |
| Place of Birth | Kuvakan volost Siberian darugi |
| Date of death | 1739 |
| Place of death | Menzelinsk , Kazan daruga , Ufa province (now the Republic of Tatarstan ) |
| Affiliation | Russia , Bashkir rebels |
| Commanded | Bashkir Rebel Armed Forces |
| Battles / Wars | Bashkir Uprising (1735-1740) |
Content
Participation in uprisings
In the initial stage of the Bashkir uprising of 1735-1740 , Bepenya Toropberdin was one of its initiators in the Siberian road and the main adviser to Yusup Arykov . He also corresponded with other leaders of the uprisings and tsarist officials. In letters ( “A letter from the Bashkirs of the Siberian Road, Bepeni Trupberdin and his comrades to Ufa Voevoda N. D. Merzlyukin, complaining about the actions of A.I. Tevkelev and demanding the withdrawal of his detachment from the territory of the Siberian Road” , the head of the Orenburg Expedition V.N. Tatischev and others ) Bepenya Toropberdin accuses authorities of violating royal patrimonial rights on the ground, the oppression of the Muslim religion, the brutal suppression of the uprising punitive and, in connection with violations of the accession treaties of Bashkirs to Muscovy proved the right to defend its people warriors interests including secession from Russia and the creation of the Bashkir State.
The reasons for the new uprising in 1737–1738 were the cruel suppression of the movement in 1735–1736, the difficult conditions for bringing the guilty [2] . Appeals to the population, compiled by Toropberdin, were also important for the new wave of uprising. At this stage, Bepenya Toropberdin became the main leader and organizer of traffic in the Siberian and Osinskaya roads [3] . Under his leadership, the rebels attacked Krasnoufimsk , Kungur , Birsk , Osu and other fortresses and cities.
Bepenya more than once appealed for support to the Kazakhs of the Younger and Middle Zhuz . It is known to enlist the support of the Middle Zhuz , Bepenya Toropberdin to his ruler Barak-Sultan sends his son as an ambassador [4] .
In September 1738, despite his statements to Tatischev: [5] :
“Even now, for the time being, Yusup will not be released, I will not go to the oath of guilt. And as evo, Yusup, let go, then go "
Bepenya Toropberdin comes to the royal authorities with a confession. According to another version, he was detained by the punitive detachment of Khrushchev (from the letters of V.N. Tatishchev and the report of General L. Ya. Soimonov ).
After his arrest, Bepenya Toropberdin was subjected to torture and was held in Menzelinsk prison until execution in September 1739. He was subjected to the most painful execution - the wheeling [6] .
Note
- ↑ Article in Bashkortostan: Short Encyclopedia Archived on September 27, 2013.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Chelyabinsk
- ↑ Uprising of the middle of the XVIII century. Archived October 26, 2011.
- ↑ Bashkir uprisings of the 30s of the XVIII century.
- ↑ Alton S. Donnelly . The conquest of Bashkiria by Russia. Translated from English by L. R. Bikbaeva. Ufa, 1995. P.156
- ↑ Alevras N. N., Konyuchenko A. I. The History of the Urals. XI - XVIII century. - Chelyabinsk: South Ural book publishing house, 2000. - p. 172. - 280 p. - ISBN 5-7688-0771-3 .
Literature
- Akmanov I. G. Bashkiria as part of the Russian state in the XVII - the first half. XVIII century. Sverdlovsk, 1991.
- Alton S. Donnelly . The conquest of Bashkiria by Russia. Translated from English by L. R. Bikbaeva. Ufa, 1995.
Links
- Akman IG Bepenya Toropberdin // Bashkir Encyclopedia / gl.red. M.A. Ilgamov. - Ufa: Bashkir Encyclopedia State Medical Academy, 2015—2019. - ISBN 978-5-88185-306-8 .
- Soviet historical encyclopedia
- Bepeni Uprising (Bashkir Uprising 1737-1738) on YouTube