Endlicher, Stefan Ladislaus

Stefan Endlicher studied theology at a Catholic seminary in Vienna, received the priesthood , which he soon folded, and in 1828 entered the service of the Vienna court library .

He studied botany and philology . In 1836 he received the place of custodian of the Vienna Natural History Cabinet , and in 1840 - professor of botany at the University of Vienna and director of the Botanical Garden .

He participated in the founding of the Vienna Academy of Sciences and in the events of 1848 .

He lost his fortune by arranging a botanical museum and a garden at his own expense and publishing the Annalen der Wiener Museum and other expensive works, etc .; presented her herbarium and library, estimated at 24,000 thalers , to the state.

Whether suicide was the cause of his death is not known with certainty.

Endlicher was an outstanding taxonomist and created one of the best natural plant systems for his time ( Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturalis disposita , Vienna , 1836-1840; Enchiridion botanicum , Leipzig, 1841). Although his system, which is an improvement of the natural systems of Jussieu and Decandol and which took into account the anatomical features (structure of the stem ), is now outdated, but his accurate descriptions of families and genera are still very important.

In “ Genera plantarum ... ” Endlicher described 277 families and 6,895 genera, arranged the families in 52 classes, and these classes were connected in regions, sections and cohorts . According to this system, the whole plant kingdom is divided into 2 large groups: 1) leafy ( Thallophyta ) and 2) stem ( Cormophyta ), depending on whether their leaves and stems are clear or not. Tallophytes , or slamous , are the lowest secret secret . Stem subdivisions are divided into: 1) upright ( Acrobryeae ), implying here the higher secretive and some promiscuous ( cicadas ), 2) round-necked ( Amphibryeae ), or monocotyledonous, and 3) high-round ( Acramphibryeae ), which included conifers , gymnosperms , unisexual , coarse - grained and single-coiled .

Plant genus Endlicheria Nees , nom. cons. , the Laurel family was named Nees in 1833 in honor of Endlicher.

Together with Marcius Endlicher, the enormous work Flora brasiliensis was begun.

Other botanical works of Endlicher:

• " Flora Posomensis " ( Pressburg , 1830 ) (lat.)
• " Prodromus florae Norfolkiae " ( Vienna , 1833 ) (lat.)
• " Atacta botanica " (ibid., 1833 ) (lat.)
• " Grundzüge einer neuen Theorie d. Pflanzenzeugang "(ibid., 1838 ) (German)
• “ Iconographia generum Plantanun ” (ibid., 1838 ) (lat.)
• " Grundzüge d. Botanik ”(with Unger , ibid., 1843 ) (German)
• “ Synopsis coniferarum ” (St. Gallen, 1847 ) (lat.)

In addition, Endlicher wrote valuable Chinese grammar : Anfangsgrundzüge der chinesischen Grammatik (Vienna, 1845 ) (German) and other works on philology and oriental studies , for example:

• Analecta grammatica (Vienna, 1830 ) (lat.)
• Atlas von China nach Aufnahme der Jesuitenmissionäre (Vienna, 1846 ) (German)
• Die Bruchstücke einer altdeutschen Uebersetzung des Matthäus Ewangelium ( 1834 ) (German) .

and also compiled “ Verzeichniss der japanesischen und chinesischen Münzen des kaiserlichen Münz- und Antikencabinets ” - a catalog of Japanese and Chinese coins from the Imperial Cabinet of Coins and Antiques (1837) (German) .

• Gaidukov N.M. ,. Endlicher, Stefan Lyadislyaus // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Constantin von Wurzbach. Biographisches Lexikon des Kaisertums Österreich. 4. Band. Wien, 1858. (German)

• Endlicher's Proceedings at Deutschen Nationalbibliothek (inaccessible link) (German)