Jean Joseph Delabord ( fr. Jean-Joseph de Laborde ; Jaca , 1724 - Paris , 1794) - French Basque . Armature and financier, politician and philanthropist. Victim of the Jacobin terror.
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Biography
Jean-Joseph de Labord was born in Aragon , in the city of Jaca . Father Jean-Joseph led a nomadic life, sometimes moonlighting as a smuggler of wool from Spain to France. He came from a noble Basque family in the province of Labourdan [5] , in the Northern Basque Country . Thus, Jean-Joseph Delabord was a French Basque - and his whole extraordinary life was intertwined with the tragic fate of France.
At the age of 10, Jean-Joseph began to participate in the export-import company of the port city of Saint-Jean-de-Luz , headed by his uncle. After the death of his uncle and cousin, Jean-Joseph de Labord became in 1748 the head of "la Compagnie des Indes" [6] . With its help, participating in transatlantic trade with the islands of Antilia ( West Indies ), by 1755 he created a huge fortune for himself. The sea wolf became a court banker, he enjoyed the well-deserved trust of the Duke of Choiseul , being considered his friend.
After the fall of Choiseul, Delabord temporarily withdrew from the yard. But when during the American War of Independence the French government needed funds to send an expedition to America, Delabord boldly provided 12 million livres for this purpose. In 1784, Delabord was granted the title of Marquis for his services to the Crown. That allowed him to become the owner of several estates and acquire the castle of Merville (Méréville), which he thoroughly reconstructed.
Despite the fact that Delabord spent all his wealth exclusively on the construction of magnificent buildings, patronage of art and charity, and with the onset of the revolution he was among the few deputies of the General States who voluntarily recognized their transition to the “Third Estate”, he died during the mass terror , being executed on the guillotine [7] . His remains were buried in the Paris cemetery Pickpus [8] . Two years earlier, Delabord lost its huge collection of paintings.
Offspring
His son Alexander (1774 - 1842) fled to Vienna at the beginning of the revolution. In revenge for his father, he fought in the ranks of the Austrian forces against a totalitarian republic. Since 1822, several times was a deputy of Paris ; He took an active part in the July Revolution, was a Senate prefect. Also known as an archaeologist.
The son of Alexander, Leon (1807-1869), after the July Revolution, was an adjutant of Lafayette , later - the curator of the sculpture department in the Louvre , chief director of the state archive and senator.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 124680135 // General Normative Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ RKDartists
- ↑ Lapurdi in Basque.
- ↑ The company was founded by Colbert in 1664.
- ↑ The charges against Delabord were brought forward by the frantic Jacobin fanatic Saint-Just .
- ↑ Le cimetière de Picpus.
Literature
- Boyer, Ferdinand. Jean Joseph de Laborde, protecteur de FX Fabre et sa collection confisquée en 1794 (French) // Bulletin de la société d'histoire de l'art français: magazine. - 1954.
- Dussau, AJ Jean Joseph Laborde, négociant bourgeois bayonnais, banquier du roy, victime de la Terreur (fr.) // Bulletin de la société des sciences, lettres et arts de Bayonne, 1967: magazine.
- Bernard Foubert Les Habitations Laborde à Saint-Domingue dans la seconde moitié du dix-huitième siècle. - Doctorat d'État, Paris 4, 1990.
- Delabord, Jean Joseph // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.