Ocean-O (spacecraft)

• Preparation of marine hydrometeorological and specialized forecasts;
• ensuring the safety of navigation and the selection of optimal ship routes;
• detection of areas of contamination of the surface of the seas and oceans;
• study of the active layer in the ocean;
• study of the continental shelf;
• determination and prediction of the dynamic and thermodynamic state of the oceans;
• determination of the wind field from the drift of clouds;
• determination of the water reserve of clouds, the boundaries of precipitation zones and their intensity;
• determination of the physical state of the ice cover (destruction, age, overcast, hummockiness);
• recognition of soil types;
• recognition of forest types;
• monitoring the state of vegetation and soil;
• determination of forest and steppe fires;
• environmental and crisis monitoring;
• study of physical and geological structures;
• collection of contact data from platforms and their transfer to processing centers.

Main characteristics:

• Weight, kg 6250
• The mass of the complex of research equipment, kg 1520
• Overall dimensions, mm:
  • sealed case 1800 x 3200
• SC in working position:
  • length (on radar antennas BO) 12500
  • width (according to solar panels) 4500
  • height 12000
• The calculated parameters of the orbit:
  • height, km 685
  • inclination of the orbit, deg. 98.5
• Active life, year 3
• 11K77 launch vehicle

Hardware

The composition of the complex research equipment:

• MSU-V multi-channel high-resolution scanning device;
• multi-channel scanning device of medium resolution MSU-SK;
• two side-scan radars (right- and left-hand);
• track microwave radiometer R-600;
• track microwave radiometer R-225
• multi-channel scanning microwave radiometer "Delta-2D";
• visible polarization spectroradiometer on acoustic filters with high spectral resolution "Tracer";
• radio television complex RTVK-M;
• centimeter-band information system BISU-P;
• time and frequency synchronizer;
• on-board equipment of the Condor-2M information collection and transmission system.

The complex of research equipment in the specified composition provides the formation and transmission via radio channels to reception points:

• radar information with a pixel size of 1.3x2.5 km in two viewing bands 450 km wide;
• radiometric information at two wavelengths of the microwave range in the track range of 130 km with a range of measured temperatures of 50 ... 310 K;
• multichannel radiometric information of a microwave range with an image element size from 16x21 km to 87x115 km in a 900 km span with a temperature range of 2.7 ... 330 K;
• multichannel information of the visible and infrared range with image element sizes of 50 ... 250 m in the field of view 180 ... 200 km, from 245 × 157 m to 820 × 590 m in the field of view 600 km and 1.5 ... 1.8 km in the field of view 1950 km;

spectroradiometric information on 62 measuring channels in the spectral range of 411 ... 809 nm; information received from platforms.

In contrast to previous developments of the Yuzhny Design Bureau, the Ocean-O device was designed according to the structural layout with a horizontal longitudinal axis in flight. The horizontal scheme made it possible to place large-sized bilateral antennas, a platform and a farm with research equipment in the payload area under the carrier fairing and at the same time not to use high-precision rotary devices in the design of the spacecraft, which would require new design solutions for their placement, taking into account restrictions on mass and alignment , dimensions, etc. A characteristic feature of the appearance of the spacecraft is the large-sized photo panel located in the upper hemisphere converters of solar energy with one degree of rotation.

The complex of supporting equipment for the spacecraft is:

• unified command-measuring system of centimeter and decimeter ranges “Cube-Contour”;
• modernized control system on-board hardware complex;
• modernized information and telemetry system of decimeter range BITS-2-7;
• active triaxial orientation and stabilization system, ensuring the accuracy of the orientation of the spacecraft ± 10 ang. min, with electromachic and liquid-jet executive bodies;
• liquid propulsion system;
• power supply system based on a solar battery with an area of ​​32 m2 with an average daily output of 1700 W;
• solar system orientation system;
• temperature control system;
• power switching and control equipment;
• antenna feeder systems. ^[one]

Since 1983, 10 satellites of the Ocean series have been operating in orbits ^[2] :

1. Ocean-OE No. 1 (Cosmos-1500, launch 09/28/1983)
2. Ocean-OE No. 2 (Cosmos-1602, launch 09/28/1984)
3. Ocean-O1 No. 1 (Cosmos-1766, launch on 07.28.1986)
4. Ocean-O1 No. 2 (Cosmos-1869, launch on July 16, 1987)
5. Ocean-O1 No. 3 (Ocean, launch 05.07.1988)
6. Ocean-O1 No. 5 (Ocean, launch 02/28/1990)
7. Ocean-O1 No. 6 (Ocean, launch 04.06.1991)
8. Ocean-O1 No. 7 (Ocean, launch of 10/11/1994)
9. Ocean-O1 No. 8 (Sich-1, launch of 08/31/1995) and O
10. Ocean-O No. 1 (Ocean, launch on 10.25.99).

The last spacecraft from this series, to which this article is devoted, was launched on July 17, 1999 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by the 11K77 Zenit-2 launch vehicle. By the decision of the Russian-Ukrainian Interstate Commission of 10.25.99, the device was put into operation on November 1, 1999. It is currently decommissioned due to resource exhaustion.

• Site
• Ocean-O: two years of flight
• Three years working in the orbit of the spacecraft “Ocean-O”
• Spacecraft "Ocean-O" on the site of the Scientific Center for Operational Monitoring of the Earth
• Okean-O spacecraft on the website of the TsNIIMASH flight control center
• Oceanographic spacecraft of the Ocean series on the site of the Planet Research Center