Profiled sheet (also professional sheet , corrugated sheet , corrugated sheet ) - facing wall or roofing construction material intended for use in construction in the construction of external fences , walls and roofs ; recently - for monolithic reinforced concrete monolithic overlappings "on a professional flooring ". Professional sheet is a metal sheet made from galvanized sheet steel by cold rolling on profile bending mills . At production it is exposed to profiling (giving to the wavy, trapezoid , square and other forms) for increase of rigidity .
History
The profiled sheet was created in 1820 by the English engineer Henry Palmer .
Scope
The profiled sheet is applied:
- when facing walls;
- as a roofing material in the construction of industrial facilities and residential buildings ;
- as enclosing structures (fence);
- in the construction of self-supporting structures;
- as a fixed formwork for the device overlap .
Decking is used in the construction of walls and roofs of workshops, warehouses , trade pavilions , hangars , cottages , garden and country houses. The profiled sheet for roofs and walls can be used both to update the coatings of old buildings and for the construction of new structures. The steel base and stiffeners provide the roof, walls and load-bearing floors with the necessary stiffness. Walls and roofing of corrugated board do not make the building heavier and have excellent airtightness .
Classification
The main regulatory document in the CIS countries regulating the profile of the corrugated board - GOST 24045-2016.
Profiled sheets vary:
- By scope: facade (wall, for the fence ), roofing, bearing;
- The shape of the corrugations (wavy, trapezoidal);
- The height of the corrugations from 8 to 21 mm - professional wall sheet used for walls, fences and gates; more than 44 mm - professional sheet used for roofing and where a substantial load is assumed; more than 57 mm - profiled under fixed formwork (interfloor and monolithic floors);
- The width of the profile;
- The thickness of the sheet (from 0.3 to 1.5 mm);
- On the full and useful width of the sheet.
Professional sheet varies in thickness of the sheet, the height of the "edges" and the distance between the "edges". Also taken into account overall size and usable area. So, for example, mark s-10 means rib height 10 mm.
In accordance with European standards, trapezoidal profiles are permissible for operation [1] :
- with rounded ridges;
- traditional trapezium;
- with reinforced comb and wall;
- with reinforced groove.
Sizes of corrugated board
Standard sheets according to GOST 24045-2016 have the following dimensions [2] :
- Н57-750-0.6: width 801 mm, useful width: 750 mm, thickness: 0.6–0.8 mm;
- Н60-845-0.7: width is 902 mm, useful width: 848 mm, thickness: 0.7–0.9 mm;
- Н57-750-0.6: width 800 mm, useful width: 750 mm, thickness: 0.7–0.9 mm;
- H114-600-0,8: width 807 mm, useful width: 750 mm, thickness: 0.8-1.0 mm.
The length can be from 500 mm to 12000 mm in increments of 50 mm.
Profiled mass
Mass per meter of sheet for different brands [3] :
- H57x750 (mm):
- 0.6 mm - 5.6 kg, 0.7 mm - 6.5 kg, 0.8 mm - 7.4 kg;
- Н60x845 (mm):
- 0.7 mm - 7.4 kg, 0.8 mm - 8.4 kg, 0.9 mm - 9.3 kg;
- HC35x1000 (mm):
- 0.6 mm - 6.4 kg, 0.7 mm - 7.4 kg, 0.8 mm - 8.4 kg;
- HC44x1000 (mm):
- 0.7 mm - 8.3 kg, 0.8 mm - 9.4 kg.
Manufacturing
Marking
- H ("carrier") - profiled sheets with this marking are used for roofing.
- C ("wall") - profiled sheets with this marking are used for the construction of fences, walls and partitions.
- HC - profiled sheets with this marking are used as a coating for the roof, and as profiled for walls .
- The personal computer ("professional roofing") - the pro-thinned-out sheets with this marking are applied to the device of roofs.
- PG ("longitudinally curved") - profiled sheets with this marking are used for the device of arched structures, arched canopies, hangars.
Manufacturing Materials
Profiled sheets are classified by source material (base):
- steel sheet without protective coating;
- hot galvanized sheet;
- profiled sheet hot-dip galvanized with an additional protective and decorative coating;
- profiled sheet of copper , chromium-nickel steel, aluminum ;
- special-purpose profiled sheet (with textured stamping , perforation , curved and other).
Steel profiled sheets have the lowest corrosion resistance , so little demand. The most expensive are profiled sheets of aluminum, copper, nickel chromium steel.
Performance Properties
Parameters affecting the performance properties of the profiled sheet:
- metal thickness;
- zinc layer thickness;
- the type of polymer used;
- the thickness of the polymer coating layer.
Corrosion Protection
Welded joints of profiled steel decking and the decking itself must be additionally protected from corrosion , which is performed depending on the degree of aggressive environmental exposure [~ 1] .
In a non-aggressive environment, for fixing unpainted corrugated sheet to steel supporting structures in buildings, welded point connections are used.
Flooring profiles welded to galvanized steel or non-galvanized structures are made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.8-1.0 mm according to GOST 14918.
Weld profiled sheeting with runs are performed by any of the methods of spot arc welding [~ 2] :
- under flux ;
- in carbon dioxide ;
- self-shielded cored wire ;
- covered electrode .
The melted areas of the surface and the adjacent area of sheets to be welded and runs within a radius of 20 mm or more are cleaned from welding to remove dirt, rust and grease.
During manual welding of profiled sheeting with coated electrodes, the following operations are performed:
- installation on site welding device;
- sheet is pressed tightly to the run by pressing with the help of the device (the gap between the welded surfaces is allowed no more than 0.5 mm).
- installation of the electrode in the hole forming device;
- performing a point connection at a welding current of 120–200 A depending on the electrode diameter for 2–3 s.
- removing the device and moving it to the next welding spot.
The surfaces of the joints should be free of slag and flux residues after welding.
Coverage
By production of the pro-thinned-out sheets the sheet galvanized steel with the applied polymeric or paint and varnish covering according to the RAL and RR table, or without the protective coating is applied. The polymer coating has a protective function (prevents the appearance of corrosion ), an aesthetic function (the richness of color solutions allows the use of profiled sheets in the construction of various architectural objects).
Types of polymer coating profiled sheet:
- acrylic - acrylate coating (AK);
- polyester - polyester coating (PE);
- polyvinyl chloride - plastisol coating (PVC);
- polyvinylidene fluoride coating (PVDF);
- polyurethane coating (PUR).
Advantages and disadvantages of profiled sheet
Profiled sheets have several advantages:
- Easy installation . The use of profiled sheets when finishing facades or roofs allows you to compensate for surface irregularities. The length of the profiled sheet can reach 12 meters, which simplifies the installation of roofs with a long slope.
- Corrosion protection . Galvanized steel with polymer coating is reliably protected from chemical and physical damage. It has a long service life under the influence of aggressive media.
- A wide range of colors . Thanks to the use of polymer coatings, profiled sheets can be made in any color range.
- Low weight . When using roofing sheeting, you can use the rafters of a small section, make the walls less thick. The total weight of the structure, and therefore the cost of its construction significantly reduced. No need to use special equipment to feed the material to the roof.
Of the shortcomings emit:
- Drum effect Very strong amplification of sound, which causes discomfort when using a profiled sheet as a roof covering. This disadvantage is eliminated when installing the roofing pie, which is equipped with mineral wool, a building material with high sound insulation properties.
- Loss of corrosion resistance when the protective layers are damaged.
Mounting Profiles
Use the following fastening sheet profiles [~ 2] :
- in steel profiled decking:
- profiles supported on each other are fastened to steel purlins with self-drilling or self-tapping screws ( self -tapping screws), dowels or welded electric rivets ;
- in the span between them, the profiles are fastened along the longitudinal edges using exhaust (combined) rivets or self-tapping screws;
- profiles are mounted along the longitudinal edges of the roofing sheets in a double fold ;
- the flooring in the maps is attached to the purlins with self-drilling or self-tapping screws, dowels or welded electric rivets embedded in the project.
The attachment points of the card to the runs are marked using a group template. Slings are removed after installing at least 30% of the mounts of their total number in the card.
Self-drilling or self-cutting screws (self-tapping screws) with a diameter of 4.8–6.3 mm from high-strength steel with a tensile strength of 320 MPa or more with a zinc coating 10 microns thick and more are used to fasten the flooring to the girders 1.25—12.00 mm with a temporary resistance of 370 MPa and more directly to the supporting structure or through insulation with a length of screws up to 55 mm. Self-drilling screws with a diameter of 4.8 and 5.5 mm and a length of up to 100 mm from stainless steel are used for fastening the flooring in a weakly aggressive medium according to SP 28.13330. Self-tapping screws with a diameter of 6.3 mm and zinc coating are used to attach professional sheets to metal structures, in which holes of smaller diameter are drilled before installing the screw.
Self-tapping screws for roofing corrugated board are used with sealing washers with a diameter of 16 mm made of polymeric material and are supplied with or without washers .
See also
- Mineral wool
- Sandwich panel
- Steel siding
- Metal tile
Notes
- Footnotes
- ↑ STO NOSTROY 2.10.89-2013 , Clause 5.2.3 “Protection of profiled sheets and their compounds against corrosion”.
- ↑ 1 2 STO NOSTROY 2.10.89-2013 , Clause 5.2.2. “Fastening profile fasteners”.
- Sources
- ↑ Standards and regulations for profiled sheet
- ↑ Size table of corrugated board according to GOST 24045-2016 Neopr .
- ↑ Table of the mass of corrugated according to GOST 24045-2016 Neopr .
Literature
Regulatory literature
- GOST
- GOST 24045-2016 "Steel sheet profiles bent with trapezoid corrugations for construction. Technical conditions.
- GOST 14918-80 Galvanized thin sheet steel from continuous lines. Technical conditions.
- Organization standard
- STO 57398459-002-2011 Monolithic reinforced concrete ceilings with permanent shuttering of profiled sheet. General technical requirements. Design and production work. Ryazan , 2011.
- STO 0043-2005 (02494680, 17523759) Steel floorings profiled to cover buildings and structures. Design, manufacture, installation. - M .: CJSC TsNIIPSK them. Melnikova "and JSC " Hilty Distribution Ltd ", 2005.
- STO 0047-2005 (02494680, 17523759) Steel- concrete floors with monolithic slabs on steel profiled flooring. Calculation and design. Standard of organization. - M., 2005.
- STO NOSTROY 2.10.89-2013 // Metal building constructions. Decking steel profiled for the device coatings of buildings and structures. Rules and control of installation, requirements for work results. - M .: "BST"; CJSC TSNIIPSK them. Melnikova ", 2013. - 400 copies.
- Other
- Manual on the design of steel structures (to SNiP II-23-81 * ). Section 25. Profiled flooring. - M., 1989.
- Recommendations on welding technology for submerged-arc welding rods and galvanized profiled flooring to steel structures. - M. NIIZHB , 1984.
- Recommendations for the design of monolithic reinforced concrete floors with steel profiled flooring / NIIZHB, TsNIIPromzdany. - M .: stroiizdat , 1987.
- Recommendations for the design of monolithic reinforced concrete floors with steel profiled flooring / NIIZHB, TsNIIPromzdany. - M., 2007., 43 p. Circulation 20 copies.
- Recommendations for accounting for the stiffness of diaphragms from steel profiled flooring in coatings of single-storey industrial buildings with horizontal loads, TsNIIPSK them. Melnikov . - M., 1980.
- Recommendations for the use of steel profiled decking of the new range in insulated coatings of industrial buildings. Responsible for the release of E. L. Ayrumyan. TSNIIproektsteklkonstruktsiya them. Melnikov . - M., 1985. Circulation 2000 copies, p. 32.
- Recommendations for the use of steel profiled decking of the new range in insulated coatings of industrial buildings. - M .: TsNIIPSK them. Melnikova , 1985.
- Recommendations for spot arc welding of profiled flooring to steel framework elements. - M .: TsNIISK them. Kucherenko , 1979.
- Recommendations for accounting for the stiffness of diaphragms from steel profiled flooring in coatings of industrial buildings with horizontal loads. - M .: TsNIIPSK them. Melnikova , 1980.
- Recommendations for accounting for the stiffness of diaphragms from steel profiled flooring in the coatings of one-story industrial buildings / TSNIIProektstalstrukonstruktsiya . M., 1980.
- Guidelines for the application of dowels for fastening profiled steel flooring in the coatings of industrial buildings. - M .: TsNIIPSK , VNIPIPromstalkonstruktsiya , 1982.
- Range of cold-formed galvanized steel profiles for construction. - M .: NAPSGP , 2002.
- Technical conditions. Typical solutions. Metal enclosing structures for industrial buildings. TSNIIPromzdany Gosstroy USSR . - M .: stroiizdat , 1980. - 253 p.
Technical Literature
- Rumyantseva I. А. Influence of the level of stresses on the characteristics of steel profiled sheets // Industrial and civil construction . 2007, № 5.
- Maryshev A.Yu. Arched structures of buildings on the basis of a professional sheet // Materials of the XVI interuniversity scientific-technical. Conf., dedicated to the 370th anniversary of the city of Krasnoyarsk. Krasnoyarsk : KrasGASA , 1998, pp. 8-9.
- Maryshev A.Yu. Two-layer arched design with belts of profiled sheets // Materials of Regional Nauch.-tekhn. conf. Krasnoyarsk : KrasGASA , 1999, pp. 8-10.
- Endzhievsky L.V., Maryshev A.Yu. Two-belt arched construction from profiled sheets // Modern building constructions from metal and wood. Sat scientific works. Odessa : OGASA , 1999, pp. 66-72.
- Combined structures of coatings with elements of profiled sheets that combine enclosing enclosing and supporting functions. Scientific-tech. Report: Use L. V. Endzhievsky, A. Yu. Maryshev et al., Krasnoyarsk : KrasGASA , 1999, cipher 1.2.98 F.
- Maryshev A. Yu. Two-belt tensioned arched covering with belts of steel profiled sheets: Diss. ... Cand. tech. sciences. Krasnoyarsk , 2001.
- Maryshev A. Yu. Karachentsev E. N., Matveev V. Yu. Arched-type construction on the basis of a pre-stressed profiled sheet // Problems of Architecture and Construction: XIX Regional Scientific-Techn. conf. Krasnoyarsk : KrasGASA , 2001. p. 18-20.
- Енджиевский Л. В., Марышев А. Ю. Двухпоясное арочное покрытие с поясами из стальных профилированных листов // Достижения науки и техники — развитию сибирских регионов: Материалы Третьей Всероссийской научно-практической конференции с международным участием: В 3 ч. Ч. 3. Красноярск : ИПЦ КГТУ , 2001. С. 158—160.
- Александра Терешкова, Лев Енджиевский, Иосиф Крылов, Андрей Кретинин. Ограждающие и несущие строительные конструкции из стальных тонкостенных профилей . Монография . Красноярск . СФУ , 2010. Тираж 200 экз. Ред. И. А. Вейсиг. С. 281. Litres , 2019. ISBN: 5041776563, 9785041776565.
- Шкловский Е. И. Исследование стальных профилированных настилов для испытаний промышленных зданий // Промышленное и гражданское строительство , 1968. С. 32—35.
- Шкловский Е. И. Стальной профилированный настил пролётом 6 м для покрытий промышленных зданий // Промышленное и гражданское строительство , 1971. № 9. С. 36—38.