Ilya Nikolaevich Borozdin ( October 23 ( November 4 ), 1883 [1] , Yaroslavl - October 13, 1959 , Voronezh ) - Russian Soviet scientist, oriental historian, ethnographer, teacher, professor (1947), literary critic, member of the Writers' Union.
| Ilya Nikolaevich Borozdin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | November 4, 1883 |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | October 13, 1959 (75 years old) |
| Place of death | |
| A country |  Russian Empire →  the USSR |
| Scientific field | history , oriental studies |
| Place of work | Voronezh State University |
| Alma mater | Moscow University (1907) |
| Academic rank | Professor |
| Awards and prizes |  |
Content
Biography
From the nobles.
His younger sister Tamara, in the marriage of Borozdin-Kozmin, married B. P. Kozmin [2] .
He graduated from the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University (1907), where he studied under the guidance of Professor P. G. Vinogradov . He published his first work in 1903 as a student. Then he visited Greece and Italy [3] .
Since 1909, a corresponding member, since 1911 a full member of the Russian Archaeological Society , secretary of the Archaeographic Commission of the Moscow Archaeological Society. Since 1913 - Secretary of the Moscow Archaeological Society .
Member of the 9th International Congress of Primitive Archeology in France in 1914.
Since 1915, a member of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission (TUAK).
Until 1917, he taught history at the Moscow People's University of Shanyavsky . Since 1917, professor of the Military Economic Academy of the Red Army.
One of the leading figures of the "new Oriental studies" represented in him a moderate wing, which insisted on the need to interact with scholars of the old school and use all the achievements of pre-Soviet "bourgeois" science [4] .
Since 1921 - chairman of the historical and ethnological department and member of the Presidium of the All-Union Scientific Association of Oriental Studies at the Central Executive Committee of the USSR . He led the excavations in the Old Crimea at the Mosque of Khan Uzbek together with Osman Akchokrakly and Usain Bodaninsky [5] .
Since 1922 Member of the Society of Archeology, History and Ethnography at Kazan University [6] .
He was a member of the editorial board, the most active author and reviewer of the magazine "New East", as well as a series of books "East in the struggle for independence." He headed the department of the Soviet East Museum and Exhibition Complex.
Member of the All-Union Scientific Association of Orientalists. Deputy Chairman of the Archaeological Commission of the Moscow section of the Russian Academy of the History of Material Culture.
Since 1924 - Chairman of the ethnological subsection of the Bureau of Congresses of the State Planning Committee of the USSR .
In 1924, together with A. S. Bashkirov , he traveled to the Crimea, where he examined the Heracles Peninsula.
In 1928, his anniversary was solemnly celebrated.
He taught at the Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow . Head of the Department of Ancient History of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute. A. S. Bubnova (now Moscow State Pedagogical University ).
In February 1935, Mr .. arrested, accused of participating in a counter-revolutionary nationalist group. In September, by order of the CCA, he was exiled for 3 years to Alma-Ata ( Kazakhstan ). Being in exile was a teacher at the Almaty Pedagogical Institute .
On the night of November 17-18, 1937 he was again arrested and on December 1 he was sentenced to 10 years. He was serving a sentence in the Far East, near Lake Hassan. He was released early in 1943, arrived in Ashgabat, where his sister and her husband were evacuated, taught there at the Pedagogical Institute , where he headed the department of world history.
Since 1947, professor. From 1949 to 1959 - Head of the Department of General History of Voronezh University .
Rehabilitated in 1955
He was buried in Moscow on the territory of the Donskoy Monastery .
Wife Polina Andreevna.
He was awarded the medal " For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. ".
Scientific activity
I.N. Borozdin is an orientalist-historian of a wide profile, mainly a historian of the Crimea . His research interests included the history and historiography of universal history, archeology, literary criticism, and the history of international relations.
In 1915, his textbook, The Ancient World. Vostok, co-authored with the classic of Russian oriental studies B. A. Turaev, and in 1918, a similar publication, The Ancient World in the South of Russia, co-authored with B. V. Farmakovsky.
He collaborated in the magazines “Vestnik Evropy”, “Past”, “Hermes”, etc.
He repeatedly visited the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic , where he studied local cultural, historical and ethnographic collections.
One of the founders and an honorary member of the "Society of Tatar Studies" at the TatNKP Accent. Since 1925, he led an expedition to study the Tatar culture in Crimea, equipped with the Crimean Central Executive Committee and the Crimean SNK, together with VNAV , the expedition conducted both ethnographic and archaeological work.
Scientific Papers
Author of over 400 publications. He wrote several works and reviews on the social and economic history of the West and Russia in Russian and foreign journals:
- Essays on the history of the social movement in France in the 19th century (St. Petersburg, 1906);
- To the question of feudalism in Russia (Notes of the Moscow Arch. Institute, vol. VII)
- Ancient world. East. M., 1915 (shared with B.A. Turaev);
- The capital of the Golden Horde // 30 days. 1917. No. 1. S. 59-61;
- Ancient culture in the south of Russia. M., 1918;
- Review of the book. Bartold V.V. Islam. Pg., 1918 // HB. 1922. No. 2. P. 700-701;
- Review of the book. Bartold V.V. History of Turkestan. Tashkent, 1922 // East. 1923. Book. 3, pp. 178-179;
- Hittite laws // HB. 1923. No. 4. P. 291-302;
- Museum and archaeological work in Crimea: (From personal impressions) // Ibid. S. 496-498;
- The study of the East in modern Russia // Colonial East. M., 1924. S. 324-353;
- On the study of the eastern cultures of the USSR // NV. 1924. No. 6. P. 329—335;
- The problem of scientific expeditions in the East // Ibid. 1925. No. 8/9. S. 244-253;
- Archeology and Sociology: (To the study of ancient cultures of the south of the USSR) // Ibid. 1926. No. 12. P. 202-213;
- Solhat. M., 1926;
- Ancient cultures of the East in the light of the latest archaeological discoveries // National Teacher. 1926. No. 6. S. 45-52;
- The latest discoveries in the field of Tatar culture // All-Union Turkological Congress, 1926. S. 33-38;
- New data on the Golden Horde culture in Crimea. M., 1927 (the same: HB. No. 16/17. S. 256-274);
- Baku, its past and present // I want to know everything. 1927. No. 92. S. 524-526;
- Studying the cultures of the Soviet East // NV. 1927. No. 19. S. XLVIII-LX;
- Modern Crimean Republic // Ibid. S. 99-120;
- From Otuz antiquity: (Tombstone of Sheikh Yakub from Konya, 729 hijra) // ITOIAE. 1927. T. 1. S. 24-26;
- Two Muslim monuments in Otuzy // Transactions of the archeology section of the RANION. 1928. T. 4.P. 90-92;
- In Mountain Ingushetia // NV. 1928. No. 20/21. S. 309-323;
- (Borozdin I.) Problems of the vivchenny material culture of the Turkic peoples of the USSR // SS. 1928. No. 2. P. 159-165;
- Country of scientific puzzles // Evening Moscow. 1928. May 7;
- From the field of Tatar culture // NV. 1929. No. 25. S. 185-200;
- The latest scientific discoveries in Afghanistan // Ibid. No. 26/27. S. 200-209;
- Preface // Faber K. On the great paths of the East: (From the Bosphorus to the Indus) / Abbr. per. M. and N. Gorbunkov. M .; L., 1931;
- To the study of Seljukism in Turkmenistan: (In memory of Academician V.V. Bartold) // Izv. Turk FAN USSR. 1945. No. 3/4. S. 50-54;
- To the study of the ancient history of Turkmenistan // VDI. 1946. No. 4. P. 159-164;
- Academician B.A. Turaev and Russian science // VI. 1947. No. 11. P. 80-84 and others.
Literature
- Afonyushkin V.A., Goryainov A.N., Romanova I.I. Ilya Nikolaevich Borozdin: Bibliography. Voronezh, 1959
- People and destinies. A bio-bibliographic dictionary of orientalists victims of political terror in the Soviet period (1917-1991). Ed. prepared by Y. V. Vasilkov, M. Yu. Sorokin. St. Petersburg: Petersburg Oriental Studies, 2003.496 s. (The social history of Russian science of the East).
Notes
- ↑ http://izumzum.ru/health/gosudarstvennoe-obrazovatelenoe-byudjetnoe-uchrejdenie-dopolni/pg-9.html
- ↑ Tomashevich O. V. T. N. Borozdin-kozmina - student and heiress of B. A. Turaev’s work in the Museum of Fine Arts // Monuments and People: collection / Scientific. ed. K.K. Iskoldskaya . - M .: Publishing company "Eastern Literature" RAS , 2003. - S. 122-140. - 454 s. - ISBN 5-02-018341-5 .
- ↑ Formozov A. A. Russian archaeologists in the period of totalitarianism. Ch. Investigation of three professors-historians of 1935
- ↑ People And Fates
- ↑ Muscovites were given three days to see the destroyed mosques of Crimea . islamnews.ru (October 23, 2014).
- ↑ Society of Archeology, History and Ethnography and the “Case of Local Lore Scientists” IN RUSSIA - posredi.ru People Traditions Habits Views Ideals and Symbols Fresh News Events Comments to Me ...