Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi

His full name is Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Musa ibn Muhammad al-Lahmi al-Shatibi al-Maliki al-Ash'ari. The date and place of his birth are not known. His family belonged to the famous Arab tribe . Nisba al-Shatibi points to the Spanish city of Khativa , where his ancestors could have come from. However, the fact that his childhood and youth passed in Granada and there is no indication that he left there “in search of knowledge” suggests that he was from there.

Al-Shatibi studied with such famous scientists of his time as Ibn Fahhar al-Biri, Abu al-Qasim al-Sabti, Sharif Abu 'Abdullah al-Tilmisani, Abu' Abdullah al-Makri, Khatib ibn Marzuk, Abu 'Abdullah al- Balance In turn, his students were Abu Yahya ibn 'Asim, Abu Bakr ibn' Asim, Abu al-'Abbas, 'Abdullah al-Huffaz and many others ^[2] .

Al-Shatibi is considered a recognized authority in Arabic grammar and various fields of Muslim theology, including hadith studies and law. His four-volume treatise Sharh jalil 'ala hulyasa fi-n-nahv is considered one of the most important works on issues of Arabic grammar ^[3] . In his works on Muslim law, al-Shatibi emphasizes the need to link religious legal provisions with the spirit of Shariah and to identify common patterns in the prescriptions recorded in the Qur'an and Sunnah .

In the middle of the XIV century, the Emirate of Granada turned into a place of concentration of Muslims who fled here from all over Spain. However, from the former power of Muslims, only wealth remained concentrated in the hands of local feudal lords. The society was spreading social vices, corruption. Al-Shatibi belonged to that cohort of scholars who fought against these negative phenomena and encouraged people to be virtuous and virtuous. He paid special attention to the fight against "innovations" ( bid ), which were introduced into religion, which made him unpopular among his contemporaries. In his writings, he repeatedly indicates the alienation that he experienced in his hometown ^[4] .

Among the most famous works of al-Shatibi are ^[5] :

• Sharh jalil 'ala hulyasa fi-n-nahv - a fundamental study of issues of Arabic grammar;
• al-Muwafakat fi usul al-fiqh - one of the earliest writings on the goals of the Sharia, which stands out from other treatises on the methodology of Islamic law;
• al-I'tisam - one of the best early writings on the heresy issue in Islam; the author defines heresy and faith, sets out the reasons for the disagreement between the Sunnis and the followers of other movements;
• al-Ifadat wa-l-insadat - a collection of short stories and parables about goodness and virtues;
• al-Majalis - commentary on the hadiths on the norms of commercial relations collected by Imam al-Bukhari in his Sahih;
• Usul al-nahv - work on the basics of Arabic grammar;
• al-Ittifak fi 'ilm al-ishtikak - work on Arabic morphology.

• Aḥmad Raysūnī Imam Al-Shatibi's Theory of the Higher Objectives and Intents of Islamic Law