Molva [1] , or sea pike [1] ( lat. Molva molva ) is a species of marine ray-finned fish from the cod family.
| Molva |
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| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Squadron : | Paracanthopterygii |
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| International scientific name |
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Molva molva ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
| Synonyms |
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- Molva vulgaris fleming , 1828
- Gadus raptor Nilsson, 1832
- Molva linnei malm , 1877
- Lota mola Moreau, 1881
- Molva molva Smitt, 1893
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Content
Molva has an elongated body with a length of up to 1.8, less often up to 2 m, and weighing up to 45 kg [2] . The head is long with a mouth of course located, the chin tendril is longer than the diameter of the eye. The ventral fins are located in front of the pectoral fins. The caudal fin is rounded. Two dorsal fins : the first has from 13 to 16, and the second from 59 to 70 soft rays, in the anal fin from 57 to 66 soft rays [3] .
The back and head are reddish-brown, the sides are slightly lighter, the color of the belly is yellow to white. The posterior parts of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins are black with a bright edge.
Molva lives in the coastal zones of the eastern Atlantic Ocean from Scandinavia and Iceland to the Bay of Biscay , in addition, in the North Sea and Skagerrak . It is found in the western part of the Mediterranean Sea .
Sea, bottom fish, lives at the bottom over rocky soils, does not form large clusters. It occurs at a depth of 100 to 1000 m, usually from 100 to 400 m. Molva is a predatory fish that feeds on other fish ( herring , cod , flounder ), as well as large crustaceans, cephalopods and starfish.
Males reach puberty at 5 years of age with a body length of 80 cm, and females at the age of 5-6 years with a body length of 90-100 cm. Spawning takes place from March to July at a depth of 50 to 300 m at a temperature of 6-10 ° C. Pelagic caviar with a fat drop, about 1 mm in diameter. Fertility is from 6 million to 60 million eggs. For the first 3 years, juveniles live in the pelagic near the coast at a depth of 15–20 m, and then departs to great depths and proceeds to a near-bottom lifestyle.
Fishing is conducted by bottom trawls, gill nets and longlines. The maximum catch was recorded in 1973 - 71 thousand tons. In 2005-2014, catches ranged from 34 to 47.5 thousand tons. Most of all are caught by Norway , Great Britain , Spain and France . They are sold in frozen, salty, dried form. It also goes to the manufacture of fishmeal [4] [5] .
- ↑ 1 2 Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. Pentate-linguistic dictionary of animal names. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- S. 197 .-- 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .
- ↑ Molva molva in the FishBase database. (Retrieved March 14, 2018)
- ↑ Cohen, 1990 , p. 64-65.
- ↑ Commercial fish of Russia. In two volumes / Ed. O.F. Gritsenko, A.N. Kotlyar and B.N. Kotenev. - M .: VNIRO publishing house, 2006. - T. 1. - S. 396-397. - 656 p. - ISBN 5-85382-229-2 .
- ↑ Molva molva (Linnaeus, 1758 ) . FAO, Species Fact Sheet. Date of treatment August 16, 2018.
- Species Molva molva (Eng.) In the World Register of Marine Species . (Retrieved March 14, 2018)
- Andreas Vilcinskas: Fische - Mitteleuropäische Süßwasserarten und Meeresfische der Nord- und Ostsee. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft München 2000; Seite 198. ISBN 3-405-15848-6
- Cohen, DM; Inada.T .; Iwamoto, T .; Scialabba, N. FAO species catalog. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalog of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. - FAO Fisheries Synopsis, No. 125. - Rome, 1990. - Vol. 10. - 442 p. - ISBN 92-5-102890-7 .
