Zhilino (Voronezh region)

It is located 55 km from the regional center - the city of Rossosh and 250 km from the regional center - the city of Voronezh .

Settlements in the village appeared in the XVIII century . The farms were founded by immigrants from the settlement of Novobelaya Zhilin and Pshenichnikov and, accordingly, were called the farms Zhilino and Pshenichny. Initially, the Pshenichny farm was larger. In 1779 there were 41 courtyards in the farm. Zhilino began to be considered a village since 1801, when the Church of the Annunciation appeared in the settlement.

There was no landowner in the village and local residents called it a settlement. This reflected the Little Russian roots of the settlement. The settlement was surrounded by farms, the largest of which was Pshenichny farm. The village belonged to the state. The peasants of the village were divided into hundreds. At the head of each hundred stood the chieftain. To control the rural community, the population chose a policeman, guard, clerk. Ataman, guard, policeman, clerk were selected for a period of one year.

The main occupation of the peasants was arable farming. Peasants sowed wheat, peas and millet, rye, barley, flax, hemp and some garden crops. Workers in the workbenches and spinning wheels lived in the village. On workbenches, women wove colored rugs for themselves and for sale. In separate yards, they were engaged in this fishing until the mid-1970s. Grain stocks were stored in special pantries. The grain was ground on millstones or grain grinders. Bread was baked on large clay baking sheets. Later in the village there were mills: water on the river. Sheepskin and windmill. In x. Wheat in the XIX century there was a brick factory. In 1910, the village had three oil mills, 2 sunflowers, a wool mill, and 29 windmills. Merchants kept a wine shop and two small shops.

In connection with the beginning of collectivization in 1930, three collective farms were formed on the territory of the Council: in the village of Zhilino - named after Kirov, Aleksandrovka farm - named after Chapaev, Pshenichny farm - “Gift of 12 Anniversary”. The land area of ​​collective farms was 2314.85 ha. In 1958 there was an enlargement of the collective farms of the Zhilinsky village council. The united collective farm was called the “Ilyich Way”, the central estate of the collective farm was in the village of Zhilino.

The peasants lived in huts built of wood and clay, and often of wicker, coated with clay. External and internal walls were chalked, roofs were built from reeds and straw. The hut usually had two rooms, a canopy and a closet. The floors were earthen. An icon hung in the red corner. Instead of chairs in the hut there were oak benches, a wooden table. Pottery was on the shelves. The furnace occupied a special place, they prepared food in it and slept on it. Later, a stove was added to the stove and a symbiosis of the Russian stove and the Swedish cooking stove arose.

In the village lived a lot of namesakes. The most common were the names of Ivasenko, Frolov, Kolesnikov, Kobylkin. In order not to get confused in the surnames, each courtyard was called in its own way, namely according to the eldest in the house, mainly by grandfathers. By the middle of the 20th century, there were several Kalashnikov yards in the Pshenichny farm. By 1900, in Zhilino, there were 247 courtyards with 1850 inhabitants. In the early 1970s, the Pshenichny and Aleksandrovsky farms began to gradually disappear and their population moved to the village. Zilino and other settlements.

In 1870, a school was built in the Pshenichny farm. Until 1895, one teacher worked at the school - Nina Ivanovna (surname forgotten), and then there were two teachers. In the center of s. Zhilino School opened in 1905. Both schools were parish schools. The term of study in them was 3 years. The school studied the Russian language, arithmetic, reading and the Law of God. The law of God was led by a father, whose name was Father Stefaniy Vasilievich Popov. In 1911, a 4-year-old brick elementary school was built in the village. Her first head was Golubyatnikova Anastasia Arestovna, who had worked in this position until the October Revolution.

At the beginning of 1943, the headquarters of the 24th German Panzer Corps, which was destroyed during the Ostrogozh-Rossoshansk offensive operation, was located in the village.

The village of Zhilino is the center of the Zhilinsky rural settlement. Currently, there are settlements on the territory of the Zhilinsky rural settlement: villages - Zhilino and Poddubnoe, the total population by 2015 was approximately 1370 people. According to 2010 data, 868 people lived in Zhilino.

In the village, residents are mainly engaged in agricultural sectors - agriculture and livestock. On the territory of the Zhilinsky rural settlement there are OAO Yuzhny, the main activity of which is field husbandry, livestock breeding, several peasant farms engaged in the production of grain and industrial crops. In the 1990s, under the leadership of the then head of the farm Ostroushko Vasily Ivanovich, an oil shop, a bakery, a mill and a brick factory were built and worked. They are currently not working, and the brick factory has been dismantled to the ground.

In the village there is a Zhilinsky secondary school. In 2015, 16 employees worked in it and 97 students studied.

The main attraction is the Church of the Annunciation. This is an object of cultural heritage of regional importance built in 1801 ^[1] . The wooden Church of the Annunciation was erected in the center of Zilino in 1801. Later, a wooden church was sold for scrap, and in its place the construction of a brick temple began. The first half of the church was built by 1829, the refectory and the bell tower of the church were built in 1801 in the forms of classicism, and the temple part with two lateral limits (the south in honor of the Ascension of Christ, the north in honor of St. Tikhon Zadonsky) with three semicircular apses - by 1882. After the liberation in 1943 of the village of Zhilino from the German invaders, the church was restored and opened for worship. In 1964 it was closed and used as a warehouse. Currently, in the Annunciation Church with. Zhilin carried out restoration work and the church is active.

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  Zhilino

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  Church of the Annunciation

• Zhilina Sloboda // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Zhilino (village)