Epitonia

	Epitonia
	; Sink Epitonium scalare
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryotes
Kingdom:	Animals
Kingdom :	Eumetazoi
No rank :	Bilateral symmetrical
No rank :	Primary
Nattype :	Spiral
Type of:	Mollusks
Grade:	Gastropods
Subclass :	Price gastropods
Superfamily :	Epitonioidea
Family:	Epitonia
International scientific name
	Epitoniidae Berry , 1910 (1812)
Synonyms
	according to WoRMS : Acirsinae Cossmann, 1912; Acrillinae Jousseaume, 1912; Cirsotrematinae Jousseaume, 1912; Clathroscalinae Cossmann, 1912; Epitoniinae Berry, 1910 (1812); Gyroscalinae Jousseaume, 1912; Ianthinidae, orth. var.; Iodeidae Leach, 1847; Janthinidae Lamarck, 1822; Lioatlantinae B. Dybowski & Grochmalicki, 1920; Nystiellidae ; Clench & RD Turner, 1952; Opaliinae Cossmann, 1912; Papyriscalinae jousseaume , 1912; Recluziidae Iredale & McMichael, 1962 ( nomen nudum ); Scalariidae Lamarck, 1812; Scalidae ; H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853; Stenacmidae Pilsbry, 1945;

Epitonium ^[2] , or epitonia ^[3] , or spiral staircases ^[3] ( lat. Epitoniidae ) , is a family of marine gastropod mollusks .

Content

Description

The sink is small, elongated, smooth, with high or pressed ridges covering the speed of the sink. The mouth is round, regular in shape. The cap is horny. Distributed in all tropical, subtropical, temperate, arctic and Antarctic seas. They live both in shallow water and at great depths up to 6000 m on silty or sandy soils. Over 100 species and 30 genera. Predators or ectoparasites of immovable barkers . They feed on sea anemones or soft corals.

Classification

As of June 2018, the following births are included in the family ^[1] :

Acirsa Mörch, 1857
Acrilla H. Adams, 1860
Acrilloscala Sacco, 1890
Alexania Strand, 1928
Alora H. Adams, 1861
Amaea H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Boreoscala Kobelt, 1902
Cerithiscala de Boury, 1887
Chuniscala Thiele, 1928
Cirsotrema Mörch, 1852
Clathroscala de Boury, 1890
† Clathrus Agassiz, 1837
Claviscala de Boury, 1909
Couthouyella Bartsch, 1909
Crebriscala de Boury, 1909
Cycloscala Dall, 1889
Cylindriscala de Boury, 1909
Eccliseogyra Dall, 1892
Eglisia Gray, 1847
Epidendrium A. Gittenberger & E. Gittenberger, 2005
Epifungium A. gittenberger & E. gittenberger 2005
Epitonium Röding, 1798
Filiscala de Boury, 1911
† Foratiscala de Boury, 1887
Fragilopalia Azuma, 1972
Funiscala de Boury, 1890
Globiscala de Boury, 1909
† Goniscala Marwick, 1943
Gregorioiscala Cossmann, 1912
Gyroscala de Boury, 1887
Iphitus Jeffreys, 1883
Janthina Röding, 1798
Kurodacirsa Masahito & Habe, 1975
Minabescala Nakayama, 1994
Murdochella Finlay, 1926
Narrimania Taviani, 1984
Narvaliscala Iredale, 1936
Opalia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853
Opaliopsis Thiele, 1928
Papuliscala de Boury, 1911
Periapta Bouchet & Warén, 1986
Proscala Cossmann, 1912
Punctiscala de Boury, 1890
Recluzia Petit de la Saussaye, 1853
Rutelliscala Kilburn, 1985
Sthenorytis Conrad, 1862
Surrepifungium A. gittenberger & E. gittenberger 2005
Tenuiscala de Boury, 1887
† Turriscala de Boury, 1890
Variciscala de Boury, 1909

Notes

↑ ¹ ² Family Epitoniidae (English) in the World Register of Marine Species . (Retrieved July 14, 2018) .
↑ An annotated list of rare and endangered species of invertebrate animals, especially protected within Russia // 2003 * Russia * Red list of specially protected rare and endangered animals and plants. (2nd edition). Part 2. Invertebrate animals (Red Book Bulletin, 2/2004 (2008)) / rev. ed. V.E. Prisyazhnyuk. - M .: Laboratory of the Red Book of the All-Russian Research Institute of Nature Conservation, 2004 (2008). - S. 89. - 512 p. - ISBN 978-5-9243-0158-7 . ( Full text )
↑ ¹ ² Ershov V.E. , Kantor Yu. I. Sea shells. Brief identifier. - M .: Italic, 2008 .-- S. 138. - 3,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89592-059-6 .

Literature

Ershov V.E. , Kantor Yu. I. Sea shells. Brief identifier. - M .: Italic, 2008 .-- S. 138. - 3,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89592-059-6 .

[WoRMS-1] ¹ ² Family Epitoniidae (English) in the World Register of Marine Species . (Retrieved July 14, 2018) .

[2] An annotated list of rare and endangered species of invertebrate animals, especially protected within Russia // 2003 * Russia * Red list of specially protected rare and endangered animals and plants. (2nd edition). Part 2. Invertebrate animals (Red Book Bulletin, 2/2004 (2008)) / rev. ed. V.E. Prisyazhnyuk. - M .: Laboratory of the Red Book of the All-Russian Research Institute of Nature Conservation, 2004 (2008). - S. 89. - 512 p. - ISBN 978-5-9243-0158-7 . ( Full text )

[а-3] ¹ ² Ershov V.E. , Kantor Yu. I. Sea shells. Brief identifier. - M .: Italic, 2008 .-- S. 138. - 3,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89592-059-6 .