Haitian melanerpes [1] ( lat. Melanerpes striatus ) is a bird from the genus Melanerpes woodpeckers . Endemic to the island of Haiti and to the south of its uninhabited island of Beata .
| Haitian melanerpes |
Haitian melanerpes |
| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Subfamily : | Real woodpeckers |
| Gender: | Melanerpes woodpeckers |
| Gender: | Haitian melanerpes |
|
| International scientific name |
|---|
Melanerpes striatus ( Statius Müller , 1776) |
| Security status |
|---|
Least ConcernedIUCN 3.1 Least Concern : 22680834 |
|
Content
Body length is from 20 to 24 cm. The back is covered with transverse stripes of yellow and black. The head and cheeks, with the exception of the forehead and crown, are gray, the belly is yellowish or ocher in color. The upper side of the tail is black; the tail is red. Males reach a weight of 83 to 92 g, females are lighter, from 65 to 75 g. There is a pronounced sexual dimorphism . The beak of females is up to 21% shorter than the beak of males. In addition, the forehead and the top of the head in males are red, and in females black.
Haitian melanerpes inhabits swampy forests, mangroves and bush on the plain, as well as moist mountain forests. Especially often birds can be seen in the cultural landscape, on trees and palm trees on the outskirts of villages and cities.
Haitian melanerpes feeds on insects, primarily beetles. Along with this, it also feeds on butterflies, ants, arachnids, scorpions, small lizards ( Anolis ), fruits and seeds. Birds look for their food alone, in pairs, and on fruiting trees also in large groups. Searches for food are conducted, first of all, at an altitude of 7 to 20 m. To get the fruits or cones of pines, birds often hang upside down. In males, search behavior is different than in females. They are twice as often hollowed by their beaks, splitting wood.
Birds nest year-round, however, the main nesting period lasts from February to July. They nest in tree hollows individually or in a colony numbering from 3 to 26 nests located on one or three adjacent trees. At the same time, dominant pairs nest in the highest nests. Both birds are involved in the construction, but more male. He builds a nest at a height of 2 to 11 m, primarily on dry trees, as well as in dead and living palm trees, cacti in the form of columns and telegraph poles. The diameter of the hollow is from 7 to 9 cm. In the clutch of 4 to 6 eggs, the incubation and brood periods are not documented. Both birds feed their young birds, on average every 6-8 minutes.
In the Dominican Republic, Haitian melanopez harms cocoa plantations. He makes holes in the fruit shell to eat the flesh surrounding the seeds, due to which pests and microorganisms can enter. The study found damage from 3.5 to 3.7% of the fruits [2] .
- ↑ Boehme R. L. , Flint V. E. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names. Birds. Latin, Russian, English, German, French / Ed. ed. Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. lang., "RUSSO", 1994. - S. 199. - 2030 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0 .
- ↑ Richard L. Bruggers: Aspects of woodpecker damage to cacao in the Dominican Republic. International Journal of Pest Management, Band 31, Heft 2, 1985: S. 148-152 Abstract, englisch
- Josep del Hoyo ua: Handbook of the Birds of the World. Band 7 Jacamars To Woodpeckers. Lynx Edicions, 1992, ISBN 8487334377 .
