France Open Tennis Championships ( fr. Les Internationaux de France de Roland Garros ; also known as Roland Garros [1] ) is one of four Grand Slam tournaments currently held in Paris ( France ) on the courts of the local Roland Garros tennis complex . The main competition grids are traditionally held in a two-week period at the turn of spring and summer, identifying the winners in nine categories: five in adults and four in senior juniors .
| French Open in tennis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main tournament | ||||||
| Singles | men | women | ||||
| Double discharge | men | women | mixed | |||
| Juniors | ||||||
| Singles | young men | girls | ||||
| Double discharge | young men | girls | ||||
The tournament is organized by the French Tennis Federation . Playground is one of the modifications of the clay court.
History
For the first time the tournament was held in 1891 in the form of a one-day national championship. Only French tennis players could take part in it, as well as members of French tennis clubs. The first winner in the club "Stade France" ( Stade Français ) was an Englishman; history has retained only his name - H. Briggs ( eng. H. Briggs ). The first winner of the women's tournament was in 1897, Françoise Mason ( Fr. Françoise Masson ). The tournament, however, was not very popular in the first years of the competition due to the status of a national competition - the best tennis players in the world could not take part in it. The situation changed with giving the championship an international status in 1925 .
The resumption of the tournament after the end of World War I marked the heyday of French tennis. Suzanne Lenglen , who won the tournament before the war at the age of 15, dominated women's tennis and won six of seven championships in 1920–1926 .
With the advent of the Open Era in 1968, professional tennis players got the right to play in the tournament along with amateurs. Ken Roswell became the first winner of the New Era Championship, receiving 15,000 francs as a prize. Nancy Richie won the women's championship.
- Courts
The construction of the Roland Garros tennis arena was a direct consequence of the victory in the Davis Cup in 1927 of the “ four musketeers ” - Jacques Brugnon , Jean Borotre , Henri Cauchy and Rene Lacoste . The French won the Cup on a visit to the US team and the return meeting next year was to be held in France. However, in Paris at that time there were no tennis stadiums of sufficient capacity for such a large event. Interestingly, before the construction of the new arena, the French tournament was held in the club "Stud Frances" on the grass courts.
With the joint efforts of the Stade France club and the government, 3 hectares of land nearby Porte d'Auteuil were freed. Under the club’s terms, the new arena was named after a former member of the club, a French hero, pioneer aviator and military pilot Roland Garros (1888–1918), who was the first person to make a non-stop flight across the Mediterranean , and who died just five weeks before the end of First World War.
Stadiums "Roland Garros" - one of the largest and most prestigious tennis arenas in the world. However, the history of the complex was marred by a short period during World War II , when, in French-occupied France, Roland Garros was used as a temporary camp, where the Nazis gathered Jews to be sent to the east, where most of the prisoners found their death.
Since its construction, Roland Garros has undergone repeated changes and expansions, which were demanded by the growing needs of tennis. Many consider Roland Garros the birthplace of the game of clay courts .
The central court of the tennis complex was built in 1928 and has a capacity of 15 thousand spectators. In 2001, he was named in honor of the former President of the French Tennis Federation Philippe Shatrie ( Fr. Court Philippe Chatrier ). The second most important court was named after the legendary French tennis player Suzanne Lenglen ( fr. Court Suzanne Lenglen ), it seats 10 thousand spectators. Court No. 1 (Court No.1) seats 3,700 spectators.
During the tournament, matches can be watched for free: a huge screen is installed on the square in front of the City Hall of Paris , where tennis is shown live. Spectators are arranged on a special platform, resembling a court , on asphalt, on benches and a fence.
Winners
- List of French Open men's finals in men's singles
- List of France Open Championship Finals in the women's singles
- List of French Open men's finals in men's doubles
- List of French Open Championship finals in women's doubles
- List of France Open Championship Finals Mixed Doubles
- List of France Open Championship Finals Singles Junior Championships
- List of Finals of the French Open Tennis Championship in girls
- List of French Open Finals in the men's doubles championship
- List of French Open Championship finals in women's doubles
Records
Singles
- Men
- Rafael Nadal - 12 titles (2005-08, 2010-14, 2017-19)
- Max Dekyuzhi - 8 titles (1903, 1904, 1907-09, 1912-14)
- Bjorn Borg - 6 titles (1974-75, 1978-80, 1981)
- Henri Cauche - 5 titles (1922, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932)
- Rene Lacoste - 3 titles (1925, 1927, 1929)
- Gustavo Kuerten - 3 titles (1997, 2000-01)
- Mats Wilander - 3 titles (1982, 1985, 1988)
- Ivan Lendl - 3 titles (1984, 1986-87)
- Women
- Chris Evert - 7 titles (1974-75, 1979-80, 1983, 1985-86)
- Suzanne Lenglen - 6 titles (1920-23, 1925-26)
- Steffi Graf - 6 titles (1987-88, 1993, 1995-96, 1999)
- Margaret Court - 5 titles (1962, 1964, 1969-70, 1973)
- Helen Wills-Moody - 4 titles (1928-30, 1932)
- Justine Henin - 4 titles (2003, 2005-07)
- Men
- Michael Chang - 17 years and 3 months
- Mats Wilander - 17 years and 9 months
- Bjorn Borg - 18 years old
- Women
- Monika Seles - 16 years and 6 months
- Arancha Sanchez-Vicario - 17 years and 5 months
- Maureen Connolly - 17 years and 8 months
- Men
- Spain - 16 titles
- Australia and the USA - 11 titles
- France and Sweden - 10 titles each
- Women
- USA - 28 titles
- Germany - 10 titles
Men:
- Marcel Bernard (1946)
- Mats Wilander (1982)
- Gustavo Kuerten (1997)
- Gaston Gaudio (2004)
Women:
- Margaret Scriven (1933)
- Elena Ostapenko (2017)
- Before the introduction of tiebreaks
Men: Sturgess defeated McGregor in 76 games (10: 8 7: 9 8: 6 5: 7 9: 7) (1955)
Women: Melville beat Tigarden in 56 games (9: 7 4: 6 16:14)
- After the introduction of tiebreaks
Men: Paul-Henri Mathieu beat John Isner in 76 games in the second round with a score of 6-7 6-4 6-4 3-6 18-16 (2012)
Women: Jordan beat Minter in 46 games (7: 5 4: 6 13:11) (1984)
Men: Fabrice Santoro beat Arno Clement in the first round in 2004 for 6 hours and 33 minutes
Women: Kurumi Nara beat Monica Niculescu in the final round of qualification in 2010 for 4 hours and 42 minutes
34 minutes (1988 - women): Steffi Graf beat Natalia Zverev with a score of 6-0 6-0.
General statistics
- Men: Henri Coshet - 10 titles (5 + 3 + 2)
- Women: Margaret Smith Court - 13 titles (5 + 4 + 4)
Notes
- ↑ Forvo Team. Roland Garros in French . The appeal date is July 25, 2016.
Links
- Official site (fr.) (English) (isp.)
- Tournament profile on ATP website (English)
- WTA Tournament Profile (English)
- Tournament profile on the ITF website (English)
- Lists of tournament finals (rus.) On the site grandslamhistory.ru